Coseismic deposits are easily transported outside of valleys, thereby inflicting damage through debris flows or aggregating and elevating riverbeds in the fluvial network. The evolution of coseismic deposits is crucial for predicting the sediment transport capacity and export time for managing postseismic geohazards; however, this evolution remains unclear. In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of coseismic deposits due to rainfall is quantified at the valley scale to further obtain the sediment transport capacity. The results show that the relative average thickness predominantly controls the evolution pattern of the coseismic deposits. The sediment transport capacity, which is primarily influenced by rainfall conditions and topography, can be drastically increased by dam breaching and channel narrowing. Moreover, the computed export time, which significantly varies with the spatiotemporal distribution of deposits and the local climate, ranges from 2 to 80 years in the areas affected by the Wenchuan earthquake. This study contributes to providing scientific guidelines for efficiently managing postseismic geohazards and planning for disaster mitigation.
Acta Geotechnica - Infrared radiation count (IRC) is considered as an indicator for damage evolution of rocks. This new indicator links damage intensity and corresponding infrared radiation... 相似文献
Acta Geotechnica - This paper presents an exact, analytical solution to the boundary value problem of the anti-plane (SH) waves scattering by an isosceles triangle hill on an elastic half-space by... 相似文献
Guanzhong Basin is a typical medium-low temperature geothermal field mainly controlled by geo-pressure in the west of China.The characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were used to analyze the flow and storage modes of geothermal resources in the basin.In this paper,the basin was divided into six geotectonic units,where a total of 121 samples were collected from geothermal wells and surface water bodies for the analysis of hydrogen-oxygen isotopes.Analytical results show that the isotopic signatures of hydrogen and oxygen throughout Guanzhong Basin reveal a trend of gradual increase from the basin edge areas to the basin center.In terms of recharge systems,the area in the south edge belongs to the geothermal system of Qinling Mountain piedmont,while to the north of Weihe fault is the geothermal system of North mountain piedmont,where the atmospheric temperature is about 0.2℃-1.8℃in the recharge areas.The main factors that affect the geothermal waterδ18O drifting include the depth of geothermal reservoir and temperature of geothermal reservoir,lithological characteristics,water-rock interaction,geothermal reservoir environment and residence time.Theδ18O-δD relation shows that the main source is the meteoric water,together with some sedimentary water,but there are no deep magmatic water and mantle water which recharge the geothermal water in the basin.Through examining the distribution pattern of hydrogen-oxygen isotopic signatures,the groundwater circulation model of this basin can be divided into open circulation type,semi-open type,closed type and sedimentary type.This provides some important information for rational exploitation of the geothermal resources. 相似文献
Journal of Seismology - Ambient seismic noise becomes more and more important and helpful on assisting velocity model inversion, earthquake detection, and ground motion prediction. Based on the... 相似文献
During the burial processes of deep/ultra-deep hydrocarbon reservoirs,the interactions between hydrocarbon-bearing fluids and reservoirs significantly affect the quality evolution of hydrocarbons and reservoirs;thus,this topic requires further investigation.In this study,the continuous evolution and the coupling mechanisms in various anhydrous and hydrous nC16H34-(water)-(calcite)systems in fused silica capillary capsules(FSCCs)were investigated using laser Raman spectroscopy,fluorescence color analysis,and fluorescence spectroscopy,and the mineral alterations were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The experimental results show that extensive organic-inorganic interactions occur in the systems if water is present,and different inorganic components have different effects on hydrocarbon degradation.Distilled water promotes freeradical thermal cracking and steps oxidation,forming more low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons,CO2,and organic acids(e.g.,acetic acids)but suppresses the free-radical cross-linking,generating less high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons.However,in the presence of CaCl2 water,the yields of hydrocarbon gases are lower than in the distilled water system because high concentrations of Ca ions inhibit the generation of free radicals.Calcites,which exhibit different surface reactivities in different fluid conditions,affect hydrocarbon degradation in different ways.In the anhydrous nC16H34-calcite system,calcites promote the generation of both hydrocarbon gases and high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons.In contrast,in the hydrous nC16H34-distilled(CaCl2)watercalcite system,calcites promote the generation of hydrocarbon gases and suppress the generation of high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons.Calcite also reacts with organic acids via surface reactions to form secondary pores.Therefore,except for the formation temperature and pressure,organic-inorganic interactions are controlled by multiple factors,such as the water saturation,water type,water salinity,and the mineral content,resulting in different evolutions of the hydrocarbon degradation and reservoir properties. 相似文献
The dynamic characteristics of compacted loess are of great significance to the seismic construction of the Loess Plateau area in Northwest China, where earthquakes frequently occur. To study the change in the dynamic modulus of the foundation soil under the combined action of vertical and horizontal earthquakes, a hollow cylindrical torsion shear instrument capable of vibrating in four directions was used to perform two-way coupling of compression and torsion of Xi'an compacted loess under different dry density and deviator stress ratios. The results show that increasing the dry density can improve the initial dynamic compression modulus and initial dynamic shear modulus of compacted loess. With an increase in the deviator stress ratio, the initial dynamic compression modulus increases, to a certain extent, but the initial dynamic shear modulus decreases slightly. The dynamic modulus gradually decreases with the development of dynamic strain and tends to be stable, and the dynamic modulus that reaches the same strain increases with an increasing dry density. At the initial stage of dynamic loading, the attenuation of the dynamic shear modulus with the strain development is faster than that of the dynamic compression modulus. Compared with previous research results, it is determined that the dynamic modulus of loess under bidirectional dynamic loading is lower and the attenuation rate is faster than that under single-direction dynamic loading. The deviator stress ratio has a more obvious effect on the dynamic compression modulus. The increase in the deviator stress ratio can increase the dynamic compression modulus, to a certain extent. However, the deviator stress ratio has almost no effect on the dynamic shear modulus, and can therefore be ignored. 相似文献