2003年6月青岛崂山4级震群序列初步分析

从震群监测、地震影响、地震地质构造、序列特点及性质判定等方面对2003年6月青岛崂山王哥庄发生的4级震群进行了介绍及初步分析。此次地震的活动强度、频次、持续时间均为青岛历史上所罕见。地震时整个青岛市普遍有感，震中区有一定破坏，造成较大的社会影响。     

宁南深层岩溶地下水系统三维数值模拟

宁南“南北古脊梁”岩溶裂隙水系统的储水空间以岩溶裂隙为主,岩溶水的空间分布明显受南北向大型断裂构造控制。根据水动力场和水化学场特征,划分了3个相对独立的岩溶水子系统。通过三维数值模拟计算,确定了马渠—洪河岩溶水子系统天然资源量和可开采资源量,为本区的地下水合理开发利用提供了科学依据。     

填埋场粘性土防渗层中强化微生物对垃圾污染物的净化作用

如何铺设价廉物关的防渗层,又不需对垃圾渗滤液进行处理,达到环保效果好、成本低的目的,是填埋场防渗衬垫铺设所追求的,但由于科学理论及技术条件的限制,这个目的一直没有达到。通过添加营养菌液强化厌氧微生物对污染物的净化作用,在实验室用土柱进行模拟实验及天然的土柱淋滤净化对比实验,研究了粘性土垫层土中添加营养菌液后,厌氧微生物对垃圾污染物的净化能力的变化,得出了加入厌氧微生物菌液后,可显著地提高微生物在土中对垃圾污染物的净化能力的结论。这为开发价廉物美的垃圾场防渗衬垫打开了思路,为有污染问题的垃圾场提供了一种用微生物治理的方法。     

Timing and geochemical characters of the Sanchazi magmatic arc in Mianlüe tectonic zone, South Qinling

The Sanchazi mafic-ultramafic complex in Mianlue tectonic zone, South Qinling can be subdivided into two blocks, i.e. Sanchazi paleo-magmatic arc and Zhuangkegou paleo-oceanic crust fragment (ophiolite). The Sanchazi paleo-magmatic arc is mainly composed of andesite, basaltic and basalt-andesitic gabbro (or diorite), andesitic dyke, plagiogranite and minor ultramafic rocks, which have typical geochemical features of island arc volcanic rocks, such as high field strength element (e.g. Nb, Ti) depletions and lower Cr, Ni contents. The Light rare earth element (LREE) and K enrichments of these rocks and zircon xenocrystals of 900 Ma from plagiogranite suggest that this magmatic arc was developed on the South active continental margin of the South Qinling micro-continent. The U-Pb age of (300 ± 61)Ma for zircons from plagiogranite indicates that the Mianlue paleo-oceanic crust was probably subducted underneath the South Qinling micro-continent in Carboniferous. This is consistent with the formation time (309Ma) of the Huwan eclogite originating from oceanic subduction in Dabie Mountains, suggesting that the Mianlue paleo-ocean probably extended eastward to the Dabie Mountains in Carboniferous. The high-Mg adakitic rocks in Sanchazi paleo-magmatic arc suggest that the subducted oceanic crust was relatively young (＜25Ma) and hot.     

大别山南部宿松磷矿含磷地层的时代归属与变形特征及其构造评价

根据对大别山南部宿松磷矿含磷地层的区域分布、地层序列、时代归属、构造变形的系统研究,提出磷矿层属震旦系的新认识。含磷岩系经受了两次强烈的变形改造,原始层理经过了强烈改造,宿松磷矿构成总体包络面呈北西西走向、向南倾斜的褶皱化单斜。矿层的多层化、尖灭复合和加厚现象等主要受构造的控制,而非完全受古地形的控制。用褶皱的观点对原先勘探剖面中的磷矿体进行了重新圈连,籍以指导磷矿的调查、评价和开采。最后对磷矿分布的古地理特征进行了讨论,并从构造的观点对磷矿进行了评价。     

西安地区地下水位下降及其环境负效应

地下水与环境关系密切,地下水位持续下降必然会对环境产生巨大影响.文章通过西安市多年地下水位动态资料,分析了区域潜水及城郊自备井集中开采区承压水水位持续下降状况,阐述了地下水位持续下降对生态环境、农业生产环境及城市地质环境所产生的负效应.     

沉积有机相的研究现状及其应用

沉积有机相是近年来国内外广泛运用于油气勘探的一种有效的研究方法。本文介绍了沉积有机相的概念、划分方案，及其在油气勘探、盆地分析和层序地层学中的应用，指出了沉积有机相与层序地层分析相结合对油气资源评价和预测烃源岩有广阔的发展前景。     

镇旬铅锌矿田热水沉积硅岩研究

从镇(安)旬(阳)铅锌矿田热水沉积硅岩的产状、形态、岩石结构、构造、矿物成分、化学成分、微量元素、稀土元素、硫同位素、氧同位素等研究表明，本区硅岩具有以热液为主兼有生物和正常沉积的特征，并非典型热水沉积岩。     

利用热红外温差识别沙尘

沙尘识别是沙尘灾害监测和沙尘气溶胶特性研究的首要工作。利用辐射传输方程进行了沙尘气溶胶的辐射计算 ,对不同沙尘气溶胶光学厚度下的热红外通道温差ΔT(T11μm-T12 μm)的变化进行了分析。理论分析表明 ,利用热红外通道的温度差ΔT进行陆地沙尘识别是可行的。并利用NOAA AVHRR热红外通道的温度差ΔT进行了陆地沙尘识别的实验 ,经与地面气象站实测的沙尘天气现象相比较 ,结果一致。     

The diurnal and seasonal characteristics of urban heat island variation in Beijing city and surrounding areas and impact factors based on remote sensing satellite data

Based on the land surface temperature (LST), the land cover classification map,vegetation coverage, and surface evapotranspiration derived from EOS-MODIS satellite data, and by the use of GIS spatial analytic technique and multivariate statistical analysis method, the urban heat island (UHI) spatial distribution of the diurnal and seasonal variabilities and its driving forces are studied in Beijing city and surrounding areas in 2001. The relationships among UHI distribution and landcover categories, topographic factor, vegetation greenness, and surface evapotranspiration are analyzed. The results indicate that: (i) The significant UHI occur in Beijing city areas in the four seasons due to high heat capacity and multi-reflection of compression building, as well as with special topographic features of its three sides surrounded by mountains,especially in the summer. The UHI spatial distribution is corresponding with the urban geometry structure profile. The LST difference is approximately 4-6℃ between Beijing city and suburb areas, comparatively is 8- 10℃ between Beijing city area and outer suburb area in northwestern regions. (ii) The UHI distribution and intensity in daytime are different from nighttime in Beijing city area, the nighttime UHI is obvious. However, in the daytime, the significant UHI mainly appears in the summer, the autumn takes second place, and the UHI in the winter and the spring seem not obvious. The surface evapotranspiration in suburb areas is larger than that in urban areas in the summer, and high latent heat exchange is evident, which leads to LST difference between city area and suburb area. (iii) The reflection of surface landcover categories is sensitive to the UHI, the correlation between vegetation greenness and UHI shows obviously negative.The scatterplot shows that there is the negative correlation between NDVI and LST (R2 = 0.6481).The results demonstrate that the vegetation greenness is an important factor for reducing the UHI,and large-scale construction of greenbelts can considerably reduce the UHI effect.