3-D finite element modeling for evolution of stress field and interaction among strong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnan region

Introduction Sichuan-Yunnan region is a major area with frequent strong earthquakes in Chinese mainland, especially the middle-southern segment of South-North Seismic Zone, where many strong earth-quakes occurred in history. In the past 30 years, Sichuan-Yunnan region has two seismically active periods: one is from Tonghai earthquake in 1970 to Longling-Songpan earthquake in 1976, the other is from Lancang earthquake in 1988 to now. During this two periods, the M=7.7 Tonghai, M=7.1 Dagua…     

土体冻结过程中的盐分场研究

As to salty soil, salt migrates with water in freezing soils, assembles and crystallizes continuously. Consequently the swelling of the soil volume leads to the phenomenon of salt heaving. It has a practical significance for solving salt-heaving and frost-heaving damage in engineering to deepen the understanding of salt heaving mechanism. In this paper a general overview about new research results at this aspect was presented. And then the study of salt migration and salt heaving mechanism and present salt heaving models were summarized. For further researching the field of salt transfer it is urgent to continually strengthen the salt migration and the numerical simulation study of salt heaving mechanism to expect perfecting the general evaluation of salt heaving prediction models so as to have a better service for engineering.     

冻融试验对土中含水量分布的影响

The silty clay and silty loam are two typical soil types obtained from two test sites along the Qinghai-Tibet railway. The two types of soil have been designed various initial dry densities, water eontents, temperature conditions in repeated freezing and thawing tests with free access to water at the bottom. Afterfreeze-thaw cycles, the moisture content in the freeze-thaw zone increases more than that in the unfrozen zone to the peak approximately at the top of the samples. With comparison of the water contents in the frozen and thawed states, the moisture content in the upper freeze-thaw zone in the frozen state is greater than that in the thawed state, while that in unfrozen zone in the frozen state is smaller than that in the thawed state. Within the region of the frost front, the water content in frozen state is smaller than that in thawed state. These findings help to study the freeze-thaw mechanisms deeply and perfect the forecasting module of moisture transferring in freeze-thaw cycles.     

天山山区近40a年降水变化特征与南、北疆的比较

本文分析了天山山区近40 a来年降水变化的基本特征，并与南疆、北疆进行了比较，所得的主要结果如下：(1)天山山区在年降水量干湿变化阶段上与北疆的相似性强于南疆。(2)年降水量的空间分布的同步变化性以北疆为最好，南疆最差，天山山区居中，而年降水量的空间分布的反向变化性，以天山山区为最大，北疆最小，南疆居中。(3)天山山区与南疆从60年代到90年代，年降水均表现出了持续的增加的趋势，北疆年降水从60年代到90年代，除70年代外，不断增多。     

热带西太平洋热状况年代际和年际变化特征分析

采用谐波分析和EOF分析方法,对比研究了暖池区域表层热状况(海表温度距平SST'表征)和浅层热状况(热含量距平HS'和次表层海温距平ST'表征)在1月和7月的年代际、年际尺度时空特征.分析结果表明:⑴不同季节的年代际、年际尺度SST'和HS'都存在两个显著模态,HS'1月的年代际、年际尺度结构最简单,而SST'7月的年代际和1月年际结构最复杂;⑵ 1970年代末和1980年代初发生的年代际跃变HS'晚于SST', 且SST'(HS')呈增温(减少)趋势;⑶ HS'的年际异常与ENSO关系密切,而SST'与ENSO关系不显著.     

南海夏季风建立的气候特征及其机制的讨论

使用1998年南海季风试验期问高质量资料和NCEP／NCAR40年再分析资料分析了南海季风建立前后的大尺度环流特征和要素的突变及爆发过程。发现南亚高压迅速从菲律宾以东移到中南半岛北部，孟加拉湾槽加深加强，赤道印度洋西风加强并向东向北迅速扩展和传播，以及伴随的中低纬相互作用和西太平洋副高连续东撤是南海夏季风建立的大尺度特征。与此同时，亚洲低纬地区的南北温差和纬向风切变也发生相应的突变。数值试验结果表明，印度半岛地形的陆面加热作用在其东侧激发的气旋性环流对于孟加拉湾槽的加强有重要作用，并进而有利于南海夏季风先于印度夏季风爆发。     

用测井方法确定深部隐伏构造的实例一则

通过1个实例,说明应用测井方法并结合区域地质资料进行综合对比分析,可了解区域范围内地下隐伏构造和不同层系的地层岩性在空间上的展布,找出赋存地下水的有利地段。     

内蒙古西部甜水井地区中二叠世A型花岗岩

内蒙古北山甜水井地区龙脊山—神蛇岭岩体，总体呈北西向长椭圆状，面积大于100km^2。按岩石谱系单位划分为一单元含斑细粒黑云母二长花岗岩、二单元含斑中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩和三单元中细粒花岗岩,归并为一龙脊山序列。岩石富硅碱，ALK在7．23％～8．37％．AKI小于1,A／CNK=1．01～1．07；OX较高．在0．47～0．83。相对富集大离子亲石元素、轻稀土元素，亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Zr、Ti。稀土配分曲线呈现显著的“V”字型。副矿物组合为Mt-Ap-Zi型。由早单元到晚单元。向酸碱性增强方向演化，显示深源浅成铝质A型(A2型)花岗岩特征。各类构造环境判别图解投点．具造山后或后造山特征。同位素测年(锆石U-Pb法)为267．1Ma。反映本区中二叠世碰撞造山作用的存在。中二叠晚期已转入稳定的陆内发展环境。     

柯坪河流域地下水资源的有效利用方式探讨

柯坪河流域分布于新疆境内，包括苏巴什盆地、柯坪盆地和阿恰山前地区．柯坪河是柯坪县最大的河流，上游名为苏巴什河，下游与红沙河汇合后称阿恰河．盆地与山前平原由柯坪河串起，水资源沿途不断汇入，并在不同河段有反复出露入渗．流域内无高山冰川，中山区降水是水资源的唯一来源．流域内水质普遍较差，溶解性总固体含量由北西向南东逐渐增高，当地居民生活饮用水供水水质不能满足生活饮用水标准．根据当地的地下水水资源特点，采取合适的管理利用方式，可使得较低溶解性总固体含量地下水资源能够更有效的被利用．     

基于灰色算子的尾矿坝浸润线混沌研究

对于尾矿坝浸润线时间序列，通过建立一个灰色算子，来弱化坝体高度、库内水位等因素所带来的确定性影响，突出混沌特性，形成新的时间序列，对该序列进行相空间重构后，求取关联维。德兴铜矿2#尾矿坝浸润线观测数据的分析结果表明，灰色算子能较好地处理混沌问题，浸润线时间序列存在着非整数维，是一个混沌系统：对于尾矿坝安全不能进行长期预测，而需要长期监测。