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281.
This paper investigates the shear velocity structure under the northern East Pacific Rise at the latitude range of 9–18°N, using intermediate-period Rayleigh and Love waves. The selected ocean-bottom seismic records provide source–receiver paths that ideally constrain the lithospheric mantle structure beneath the southern Rivera plate and the Mathematician paleoplate. The Rayleigh wave data infer a relatively thin ( 30 km) lithosphere under the eastern side of the present-day East Pacific Rise. The associated shear velocities are consistent with existing models of oceanic mantle beneath this region, and the estimated plate age of 2–3 million years agrees with results from magnetic dating. The west of the rise axis is characterized by a thicker and faster lithosphere than the eastern flank, and such structural differences suggest the presence of a relatively old Mathematician paleoplate. The discontinuous change in mantle structure across the East Pacific Rise spreading center are observed in both isotropic and anisotropic velocities. The young oceanic lithosphere east of the rise axis shows strong polarization anisotropy, where the dominant orientation of crystallographic axes roughly parallels the spreading direction. However, the western flank of the rise axis is approximately isotropic, and the lack of anisotropy suggests complex deformation mechanisms associated with earlier episodes of ridge segmentation, propagation and dual-spreading on and around the Mathematician paleoplate. 相似文献
282.
南北地震带北段近期地壳变形特征研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用1999~2007期和2007~2009期GPS速度场、应变率场、断层滑动速率和GPS速度剖面等数据,识别出了南北地震带北段主要断裂带及其邻近地区的显著变形差异。结果表明,庄浪河断裂带左旋剪切变形明显增强,祁连地块北边界左旋剪切变形明显增强;2007~2009期六盘山断裂和海原断裂带挤压变形也有所增强,但量值不大。上述特征表明,庄浪河以东地区存在较高的应变积累背景。 相似文献
283.
澜沧江流域农业灌溉需水的时空变化(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Based on the data of eight meteorological stations from the 1950s to 2007, current cropping patterns, field water moisture management, we use the Mann-Kendall and the Re-scaled Range Analysis methods to research the changes of humidity and crop irrigation water requirements in the Lancang River Basin. The results show that the annual and dry season average temperatures significantly increased, and the dry season rainfall increased while wet season rainfall decreased. Evaportranspiration (ET0) increased during both dry and wet seasons at all stations except Dali, Jianchuan and Gengma, and the aridity-humidity index decreased at most of the stations. The turning points of weather factors, ET0, the arid-ity-humidity index, paddy irrigation requirements and total agricultural water requirements occurred from the 1960s to the 1990s. The spatial changing tendency of paddy irrigation quota increased with the increase of altitude and latitude, and the correlation coefficients are 0.513 and 0.610, respectively. The maximum value is observed in Weixi, while the minimum in Mengla. 相似文献
284.
从影响因素角度用LMDI分解方法对新疆1999—2009年的碳排放进行研究。结果表明:能源结构和能源强度对新疆人均碳排放增长起抑制效应,且能源强度的抑制效应大于能源结构的抑制效应;产业规模和人口规模对新疆人均碳排放增长起拉动效应,且产业规模的拉动效应大于人口规模的拉动效应。能源强度和能源结构的抑制效应难以抵消由产业规模和人口规模拉动的新疆人均碳排放的增长。在实证研究结果的基础上提出了相应的政策建议。 相似文献
285.
城市空间形态变化研究涉及到自然条件、资源分布、人类活动、社会经济发展等诸多方面,运用层次分析法对复杂因素构成的整体问题进行层次分解和重新构造,建立多目标的综合评价指标体系和模型。以西昌市为例,将影响城市化发展和空间形态发展变化的特征因子概括分解为自然因子和人类活动因子两大类,并基于DEM数据分别提取出坡度、相对高程、坡向、地面粗糙度数据,利用两个不同时期的遥感数据求取出土地变化率数据,从而作为分析西昌市空间形态变化特征的驱动力因子。结合层次分析法计算出来的5个因子权重值,在ArcGIS 9.3中利用栅格计算器进行叠置分析,求取出西昌市空间形态变化模式趋势图和空间发展模式分类图。 相似文献
286.
287.
文章分析了1949—2010年发生在西北太平洋上的热带气旋的空间分布特征。并利用趋势分析、小波分析和滑动t检验方法分析了热带气旋的年际变化特征、季节变化特征、周期特征和突变特征。结果表明:西北太平洋热带气旋多生成于5~25°N,110~170°E的海域。频数的年际变化存在三个阶段,月际变化明显,集中出现在7—10月。整个时域上10~15a的波动明显,并经历了三次突变过程。62a间强热带风暴生成最多,台风次之,热带风暴最少。热带气旋强度的年变化不明显。热带气旋强度越强,频数最大值的月份出现越晚。亚洲季风和西太平洋副高对热带气旋的产生起很大的作用。 相似文献
288.
289.
Guojun Gu 《Climate Dynamics》2009,32(4):457-471
Intraseasonal (30–80 days) variability in the equatorial Atlantic-West African sector during March–June is investigated using
various recently-archived satellite measurements and the NCEP/DOE AMIP-II reanalysis daily data. The global connections of
regional intraseasonal signals are first examined for the period of 1979–2006 through lag-regression analyses of convection
(OLR) and other dynamic components against a regional intraseasonal convective (OLR) index. The eastward-propagating features
of convection can readily be seen, accompanied by coherent circulation anomalies, similar to those for the global tropical
intraseasonal mode, i.e., the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). The regressed TRMM rainfall (3B42) anomalies during the TRMM
period (1998–2006) manifest similar propagating features as for the regressed OLR anomalies during 1979–2006. These coherent
features hence tend to suggest that the regional intraseasonal convective signals might be mostly a regional response to,
or closely associated with the MJO, and probably contribute to the MJO’s global propagation. Atmospheric and surface intraseasonal
variability during March–June of 1998–2006 are further examined using the high-quality TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) sea surface
temperature (SST), columnar water vapor, and cloud liquid water, and the QuikSCAT oceanic winds (2000–2006). Enhanced (suppressed)
convection or positive (negative) rainfall anomalies approximately cover the entire basin (0°–10°N, 30°W–10°E) during the
passage of intraseasonal convective signals, accompanied by anomalous surface westerly (easterly) flow. Furthermore, a unique
propagating feature seems to exist within the tropical Atlantic basin. Rainfall anomalies always appear first in the northwestern
basin right off the coast of South America, and gradually extend eastward to cover the entire basin. A dipolar structure of
rainfall anomalies with cross-equatorial surface wind anomalies can thus be observed during this evolution, similar to the
anomaly patterns on the interannual time scale discovered in past studies. Coherent intraseasonal variations and patterns
can also be found in other physical components.
相似文献
Guojun GuEmail: |
290.