Ore-forming Response to Syndepositional Submarine Volcanism in Langshan-Zhaertai Mesoproterozoic SEDEX Ore Belt, Inner Mongolia, China

INTRODUCTIONThe L angshan- Zhaertai metallogenic belt is a typicalSEDEX belt of the Mesoproterozoic passive continental m ar-gins in the west section of the northern margin of the NorthChina platform(Zhai et al.,1997) (Fig.1) .The ore- form inggeological setting,the division and correlation of the host suc-cession,the geological features of typical ore deposits andtheir genesis of the belt have been described in references(Zhai et al.,1997;Wang and Zhao,1994;Wang et al.,1992 ;L i et…     

区域气候模拟中多种对流参数化方案的比较研究

利用区域气候模式RegCM2,选择Betts-Miller、Kuo-Anthes和Grell3种积云对流参数化方案,进行了1991年和1994年5～7月2个个例的东亚季风区区域气候模拟试验,重点分析比较了3种参数化方案对降水总量分布、主要降水时段、雨带南北变动和基本气象要素场的模拟能力,并相对实测降水和基本要素的观测分析进行了统计检验.通过对比,发现Betts方案的模拟能力明显优于其他两种方案.     

国外几套再分析资料的对比与分析

针对目前最主要的3种再分析资料NCEP、ECMWF、JMA,从各家再分析中心所采用的同化方案、所用到的数据、质量控制方法及相关的偏差校正方法方面,进行相关介绍和对比,以便对再分析资料的特点有更为充分的了解,对我国未来再分析工作的发展起到借鉴作用。通过对比发现,各家再分析中心采用的同化方案主要为三维、四维变分方法和最优插值法。各家最主要的差别在于所选用的数据类型不同,以及所采用模式在分辨率上的差异。此外,还从经验出发简要给出了各类再分析资料在不同方面的优缺点,从而为各类再分析资料的选择使用方面提供参考。简单陈述了国内再分析工作的进展,并给出了提高我国再分析工作质量所需要关注和亟待解决的问题。     

利用雷达和自动站资料综合分析风暴移动和发展规律

为了研究地面中尺度辐合对对流回波发展趋势的影响,本文利用多普勒雷达和经过质量控制的地面加密自动站资料,选取浙江宁波地区较典型的10次强对流天气过程,逐时统计地面辐合场、累计雨量、雷达回波之间的相互对应情况,并进一步通过Shuman-Shapiro滤波来揭示地面中尺度风场辐合与风暴发展的内在联系,最后基于所统计的回波发展...     

Source Strata of Gold in Western Guangdong—Their Identification and Significance in Gold Mineralization

Strata of different geological periods extensively outcrop in western Guang-dong Province, but most gold deposits are restricted to the Middle-Late Proterozoic Yunkai Group and the Cambrian Bacun Group,showing obvious strata-boun character-istics .Gold abundance and trace element geochemistry of the Yunkai and Bacun Groups are compared with those of the Ordovician and Silurian strta.The Yunkai Group is considered to be the source strata for gold mineralization in the region.     

围压条件下PDC切削齿受力测量传感器的设计

详细叙述了围压条件下ＰＤＣ切削齿受力（轴向力、切削力、侧向力）的测量方法，并研制成功了相应的围岩测力传感器；解决了传感器的防水问题，同时用实验标定的方法消除了高压给传感器测量精度带来的影响。     

地物化综合方法在危机矿山成矿预测中的应用——以山东沂南金矿为例

山东沂南金矿床是鲁西地区典型的夕卡岩型矿床,历经50余年的开采,后备资源储量严重不足。文章借助危机矿山矿产预测项目,在成矿系统理论指导下,通过对已有资料二次开发,深入分析了矿床成矿地质条件和控矿因素,总结了成矿规律。并在大比例尺路线地质调查和地质填图的基础上,在矿区外围选定了2个预测靶区,结合有针对性的地、物、化等综合方法进行了成矿预测,经钻孔验证于不整合面发现工业矿体,为矿山开辟了新的接替资源基地,有效延长了矿山服务年限。2个预测靶区验证钻孔成功见矿,尤其是不整合面见矿的事实,不仅表明沂南金矿深、边部巨大的成矿潜力,对指导沂南金矿深部、外围乃至鲁西地区找矿勘探具有重要意义。     

Ecosystem assessment and protection effectiveness of a tropical rainforest region in Hainan Island,China

Ecosystem services have become one of the core elements of ecosystem management and evaluation. As a key area of ecosystem services and for maintaining national ecological security, ecosystem changes and implementation effect evaluation are important in national key ecological function zones, for promoting the main function zone strategy and for improving the construction of an ecological civilization. This article studies the ecological zone of a tropical rainforest region in the central mountain area of Hainan Island, China. Multi- source satellite data and ground observation statistics are analyzed with geo-statistics method and ecological assessment model. The core analysis of this paper includes ecosystem patterns, quality and services. By means of spatial and temporal scale expansion and multidimensional space-time correlation analysis, the trends and stability characteristics of ecosystem changes are analyzed, and implementation effect evaluation is discussed. The analysis shows a variety of results. The proportion of forest area inside the ecological zone was significantly higher than the average level in Hainan Island. During 1990–2013, settlement gradually increased inside the ecological zone. After implementation of the zone in 2010, human activity intensity increased, with the main land use being urban construction and land reclamation. Water conservation in the ecological function zone was higher than that outside the zone. In general, it increased slightly, but had obvious fluctuations. Soil conservation inside the zone was also better than that outside. However, it demonstrated dramatic fluctuations and relatively poor stability during 1990–2013. The human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly lower than that outside, and had a lower biodiversity threat level. Especially in 2010–2013, the increased range of the human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly less than that outside.     

A Review of Climate Change Attribution Studies

This paper reviews recent progress in climate change attribution studies. The focus is on the attribution of observed long-term changes in surface temperature, precipitation, circulation, and extremes, as well as that of specific extreme weather and climate events. Based on new methods and better models and observations, the latest studies further verify the conclusions on climate change attribution in the IPCC AR5, and enrich the evidence for anthropogenic influences on weather and climate variables and extremes. The uncertainty of global temperature change attributable to anthropogenic forcings lies in the considerable uncertainty of estimated total radiative forcing due to aerosols, while the uncertainty of precipitation change attribution arises from the limitations of observation and model simulations along with influences from large internal variability. In terms of extreme weather and climate events, it is clear that attribution studies have provided important new insights into the changes in the intensity or frequency of some of these events caused by anthropogenic climate change. The framing of the research question, the methods selected, and the model and statistical methods used all have influences on the results and conclusions drawn in an event attribution study. Overall, attribution studies in China remain inadequate because of limited research focus and the complexity of the monsoon climate in East Asia. Attribution research in China has focused mainly on changes or events related to temperature, such as the attribution of changes in mean and extreme temperature and individual heat wave events. Some progress has also been made regarding the pattern of changes in precipitation and individual extreme rainfall events in China. Nonetheless, gaps remain with respect to the attribution of changes in extreme precipitation, circulation, and drought, as well as to the event attribution such as those related to drought and tropical cyclones. It can be expected that, with the continual development of climate models, ongoing improvements to data, and the introduction of new methods in the future, climate change attribution research will develop accordingly. Additionally, further improvement in climate change attribution will facilitate the development of operational attribution systems for extreme events, as well as attribution studies of climate change impacts.     

大兴安岭气候干湿变化及对森林火灾的影响

明确气候变化背景下大兴安岭林区气候干湿状况特征,揭示其对森林火灾的影响,可为该区域森林火灾管理和森林资源保护提供科学依据。基于大兴安岭林区1974—2016年标准化降水指数（SPI）,采用统计分析和对比分析方法,系统研究不同干湿情景对森林火灾发生次数及过火面积的影响,并讨论不同等级干旱对其影响的异同性。结果表明:1974—2016年,年、季尺度上大兴安岭林区气候均呈湿润化趋势。森林火灾发生次数多（少）和过火面积大（小）与气候的干湿状况（等级）基本一致,但森林火灾的发生次数与气候干湿状况相关更为密切。年尺度上,SPI与火灾次数呈负相关,与过火面积的自然对数则呈较弱的负相关;季尺度上,各季节SPI与对应的林火次数和过火面积自然对数均呈显著的负相关,但与过火面积的相关程度差异较大,以春季相关最为显著,秋季次之,夏季则相对较弱;不同季节SPI与年林火次数和过火面积自然对数呈负相关,前一年冬季SPI对当年火灾次数的贡献最大。可见,气候干湿状况对森林火灾的影响存在明显的滞后效应。SPI不仅能较好地反映区域气候的干湿状况,亦能较好地指示森林火灾发生的可能性及发生火灾的过火面积的相对变化情况,可为森林火灾预测和管理提供科学依据。