内蒙古二道岭矿区煤储层孔隙结构特征

采用汞注入法测试了内蒙古二道岭矿区主力煤储层的孔容、孔比表面积及孔隙率,分析了二道岭矿区主煤层的孔隙结构特征。结果表明,二道岭矿区主煤层总孔容较高,孔隙率较高,煤储层吸附能力较大,煤层气的运移潜势较大,有利于煤层气的开发。     

鞍山市铁矿矿山地质灾害形成条件及对策研究

矿山地质灾害较其它地质灾害相比有其独特性。在鞍山铁矿区，排土场沉降不仅与采矿引起的地下水位下降有直接的联系，还与松散细粒土层、活动断裂有关；滑坡、泥石流地质灾害与地形地貌、水源条件及构造有一定的关系，更重要的是采矿活动产生的废石废渣为其提供了大量的物源；尾矿库灾害主要表现为：洪水漫顶、尾矿砂液化破坏、尾矿坝渗漏及管涌溃堤、尾矿坝滑塌破坏等。本文简要分析了鞍山市铁矿山主要存在的地质灾害类型(排土场地面沉降、滑坡、泥石流及尾矿库地质灾害)和形成条件并提出了防治地质灾害的对策。     

导/定向钻进非开挖铺设地下管线施工技术分析

导／定向钻进是一种技术密集型、对环境无害的地下管线铺设技术。通过综合经济比较分析，说明了导／定向钻进技术在管径大、埋深大的条件下所具有的明显经济优势。通过对国内外现有技术水平的比较，分析了我国在该技术发展规模、工程应用领域、新型高技术含量、钻机的工作性能等方面存在较大的差距。认为我国应在钻机的机电液一体化、施工过程自动化控制、配套泵组及泥浆系统、钻进规划软件开发等方面作进一步深入研究。     

可可西里——东昆仑活动构造带强震活动研究

青海昆仑山口西 8.1级地震发生在具有新生性特征的可可西里—东昆仑活动断裂带上。该断裂带在 190 0年以来的 10 0多年中经历了一个强震活动过程。在该强震活动过程中 ,地震沿整个可可西里—东昆仑活动构造带分段破裂 ,强震的破裂长度和震级之间大致满足对数线性的统计关系 ,强震活动呈现指数型时间分布的加速特征。这种强震加速活动特征可以用含多个震源体的孕震系统的强震成组活动模型给予解释。     

金矿测年方法讨论及定年中存在的问题

准确的成岩成矿年代测定是矿床研究和对比的基础。然而近几年来 ,不同的研究者对同一矿床采用不同的定年方法得出了相差十分悬殊的成岩成矿年龄的报道屡见不鲜。为此笔者在分析了不同定年方法适用性的同时 ,强调了在金矿定年中要加强对金矿成岩成矿地质背景的研究 ,重视不同地质体与成矿的先后关系 ,确定标志性地质体 ,选择合适的定年方法 ,测定标志性地质体和矿体的成岩成矿年代 ,使成岩成矿年代互为限定 ,得到高质量的年代学数据。     

Synthesis of zeolites using fly ash and their application in removing heavy metals from waters

Fly ash is the solid waste of thermal power plants where coal is used as fuel, and its management and utilization have been of environmental concern for decades. Since the technique of synthesizing zeolite from coal fly ash was introduced by Holler[1] (19…     

缺少控制点的卫星遥感对地目标定位

从单线阵推扫式传感器的成像机理出发，利用6个卫星轨道开普勒参数和3个传感器姿态角建立了推扫式卫星遥感影像坐标与其地面点在地心坐标系下的坐标关系式，即构像方程。按照所建立的构像方程，对某地区一景SPOT-5影像进行对地目标定位，获得了实地上83．392m的平面精度；利用单个地面控制点对卫星轨道开普勒参数和传感器姿态实施调整后，目标定位精度提高到14．217m。试验证实，所建立的构像方程是正确的,在卫星遥感对地目标定位中有较好的应用前景。     

路基施工沉降观测精度要求及数据处理

本文通过对路基施工沉降观测的精度分析,提出了路基施工沉降观测的精度要求；根据路基施工沉降观测的特点，提出了相应的观测措施及数据处理方法。     

基于先验知识的GIS路径寻优算法

针对地理信息系统中特定的两点路径寻优问题,提出了一种基于先验知识的快速搜索算法。该算法模拟人脑寻找路径的思维过程,首先针对实际问题建立先验知识库,在路径搜索过程中,利用知识库中的信息剪去不可能的搜索路径,构造出简化的查询树,从而大大提高最优路径的搜索速度。     

Caledonian Low-Temperature Granulite-Facies Metamorphism in the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt—SHRIMP Chronological Evidence from Zircon

The West Kunlun orogenic belt is located at the conjunction of the paleo-Asian tectonic system and the Tethys tectonic system. Petrological and mineralogical studies of the Early Cambrian metamorphic surface crust in this region have shown that in case the metamorphism reached low-temperature granulate facies, the typical mineral assemblage is biotite-garnet-silimanite-K feldspar-plagioclase-quartz. The peak metamorphic temperatures are within the range of 720–740°C and the pressure is 0.6 GPa ±. Three types of metamorphic zircon have been detected in the metamorphic rocks: the complex inclusion-bearing type ; the early relic zircon inclusion-bearing type; and the inclusion-free type. SHRIMP age determination of these three types of metamorphic zircon have revealed that these zircons were formed principally during 400–460 Ma, indicating that pre-Cambrian metamorphic surface crust rocks underwent low-temperature granulite facies metamorphism during the Caledonian. In combination with the geological characteristics of this region, it is considered that when the oceanic basin was closed, there occurred intense intracontinental subduction (type A), bringing part of the Early Cambrian metamorphic basement in this region downwards to the lower crust. Meanwhile, there were accompanied with tectonic deformation at deep levels and medium- to high-grade metamorphism. This study provided important chronological and mineralogical evidence for the exploration of the evolutionary mechanism and process of the West Kunlun Early Paleozoic. Part of the results from the research project “ Research on the West Kunlun pre-Cambrian tectonic events” under the program “ Research on the important geological problems of China’ s pre-Cambrian” (No. 200113900070) sponsored by the China National Geological Surveying Bureau.