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501.
利用THEMIS THC卫星观测数据统计分析近地等离子体片中磁场扰动和等离子体整体流的速度扰动的关系,研究Alfven波动的活动性.研究结果表明:1)等离子体整体流的速度扰动幅度依赖于平均速度的大小,速度扰动幅度随平均速度的增加而增加;2)速度扰动幅度与磁场扰动幅度存在较强的正相关性;3)磁场扰动幅度与AE指数密切相关,磁场扰动幅度随着AE指数增加而增加,而速度扰动幅度与AE指数之间没有明显的相关性;4)Alfven比与AE指数的相关系数较小,但能够看出Alfven比随着AE指数增加而减小的趋势;5)速度扰动幅度和磁场扰动幅度与尾向距离及距中性片距离的关系不明显. 相似文献
502.
503.
Construction techniques for the Taklamakan Desert Highway: research on the construction materials and the results of field tests 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
After conducting many laboratory and field experiments, several key technical issues related to the construction of China’s
Taklamakan Desert Highway have been satisfactorily resolved. In particular, considerable progress has been made on the dry
compaction of a sand sub-base, road design parameters, the creation of a structure that combines a sub-grade and asphalt pavement,
analysis of the stability of a sand sub-base strengthened with geotextiles, and on the development of a complete set of construction
techniques. The achievements of this research were successfully applied for the first time in the Taklamakan Desert, where
the environmental conditions are extremely harsh. The results suggest that the construction of this highway was economical
and that the simple construction methods produced a reliable highway. The resulting highway is believed to be the world’s
first long-distance graded highway running through a huge desert with migrating dunes. 相似文献
504.
采用再力花和菖蒲构建湿地床,以考察其对污染河水的净化效果。6个月的连续试验表明:在水力负荷为0.24 m3/(m2.d)、植物种植密度大于158株/m2的条件下,2种植物存活率均大于93%,说明植物能适应低污染负荷、高种植密度的无土培养环境;再力花和菖蒲湿地床月均去除率分别为:总氮(TN),48.22%~78.53%和43.23%~72.42%;总磷(TP),77.62%~85.67%和58.07%~80.77%。再力花湿地床对TN、TP的净化效果好于菖蒲湿地床;2种植物吸收N、P含量分别占去除总量的比例:N为44.14%、37.75%,P为73.43%、62.05%。湿地床技术可有效去除来水中的TN、TP,通过植物吸收作用累积N、P含量较高,不同种类的植物构建湿地床对污染河水中N、P去除效果存在显著差异,且硝化反硝化和植物吸收是去除N的主要途径,而植物吸收是去除P的有效手段。 相似文献
505.
汶川8.0级地震序列及相关问题讨论 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
汶川8.0级地震序列具有明显的分段特性,较强余震分布于茂县、绵竹以南及平武以北。主破裂过程在中南段以逆冲为主,序列逐渐衰减,呈主余型的序列衰减特征;北段是汶川地震破裂过程的终止区域,主破裂过程在该区域以走滑为主,形成多震型的序列特征,也成为汶川序列较大余震的主体活动区域。序列较强余震活动明显受引潮力调制,大多数较强余震发生在固体潮大、小潮时段,并且16时前后是较强余震的优势发震时段。序列衰减系数p值随时间增加而逐渐增大,最终基本稳定在1附近变化。结合以往的研究,对序列类型及最大强余震震级、强余震活动持续时间等进行了初步讨论。初步的统计结果还显示,8级左右强震序列中主震与最大余震之间的震级差正比于主震破裂尺度,这意味着当震级大体接近时,较大的破裂尺度与较为充分的能量释放相对应 相似文献
506.
大洋钻探与西太平洋构造 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
菲律宾海的深海钻探证了弧间扩张和残留弧形模式。小笠原-马里亚纳弧前区的钻探表明,俯冲带初生时伴着海底扩张,形成了异常宽阔的火山活动带。有许多出上蛇绿岩形成于俯冲带初生时的海底扩张环境。日本海的钻探揭示了日本边缘盆地的打开和关闭,新近形成的日本海东缘板边界对华北地区的构造有重要制约作用,中国东海和南海占有独特的构造位置,布置大洋钻探意义重大。文章还强调了中国地质学家从全球地质学的观点研究问题(而不仅 相似文献
507.
在乔治王岛中部的阿德默勒尔蒂湾 ,凯勒半岛、于尔曼山嘴和埃内坎角是第三纪火山岩集中分布区。野外地质调查和同位素年代学研究表明 ,凯勒半岛发生了三期火山喷发 (三个火山喷发旋回 ) ,同时伴随着火山活动中心的不断北移 ;在第二期火山喷发之后 ,火口塌陷 ,形成破火山 ,之后在半岛北部又发生火山喷发 ,并向东迁移到于尔曼山嘴。因此凯勒半岛是一复活破火山 ,火山活动具有随时间迁移的特性。埃内坎角火山活动虽与上述两地区大致同时 ,但化学成分上不存在明显演化关系 ,应属另一相对独立的火山活动中心 相似文献
508.
Assessment of extreme drought and human interference on baseflow of the Yangtze River 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Attention has been given to baseflow in large rivers, but up to now, no study on baseflow for the Yangtze River in combination with extreme drought and extensive human activities has been carried out. Discharge data in 2000–2005 and in the extreme drought years, 1978 and 2006, at stations along the main stream, lakes and distributaries of the Yangtze River were collected to analyse the features of baseflow in 2006 by using baseflow separation technique, HYSEP. It can be seen that the baseflow relative to the streamflow in 2006 was greater than those in other years. The variation of baseflow discharge in the Upper Yangtze River Stream (UYRS) was larger than that in the Mid‐Lower Yangtze River Stream (MLYRS). Human activities in MLYRS are more intensive than that in the UYRS and the baseflow discharge was greater. The baseflow is influenced by the extreme climate and human activities along the Yangtze River with the former being the dominant factor in 2006. The contribution of human interference to baseflow discharge was about 10% in 2006. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
509.
510.
Application of a multi‐temporal,LiDAR‐derived,digital terrain model in a landslide‐volume estimation
Chih‐Ming Tseng Ching‐Weei Lin Colin P. Stark Jin‐Kin Liu Li‐Yuan Fei Yu‐Chung Hsieh 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2013,38(13):1587-1601
Sediments produced by landslides are crucial in the sediment yield of a catchment, debris flow forecasting, and related hazard assessment. On a regional scale, however, it is difficult and time consuming to measure the volumes of such sediment. This paper uses a LiDAR‐derived digital terrain model (DTM) taken in 2005 and 2010 (at 2 m resolution) to accurately obtain landslide‐induced sediment volumes that resulted from a single catastrophic typhoon event in a heavily forested mountainous area of Taiwan. The landslides induced by Typhoon Morakot are mapped by comparison of 25 cm resolution aerial photographs taken before and after the typhoon in an 83.6 km2 study area. Each landslide volume is calculated by subtraction of the 2005 DTM from the 2010 DTM, and the scaling relationship between landslide area and its volume are further regressed. The relationship between volume and area are also determined for all the disturbed areas (VL = 0.452AL1.242) and for the crown areas of the landslides (VL = 2.510AL1.206). The uncertainty in estimated volume caused by use of the LiDAR DTMs is discussed, and the error in absolute volume estimation for landslides with an area >105 m2 is within 20%. The volume–area relationship obtained in this study is also validated in 11 small to medium‐sized catchments located outside the study area, and there is good agreement between the calculation from DTMs and the regression formula. By comparison of debris volumes estimated in this study with previous work, it is found that a wider volume variation exists that is directly proportional to the landslide area, especially under a higher scaling exponent. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献