Reponses and sensitivities of maize phenology to climate change from 1981 to 2009 in Henan Province,China

With the global warming, crop phenological shifts in responses to climate change have become a hot research topic. Based on the long-term observed agro-meteorological phenological data (1981–2009) and meteorological data, we quantitatively analyzed temporal and spatial shifts in maize phenology and their sensitivities to key climate factors change using climate tendency rate and sensitivity analysis methods. Results indicated that the sowing date was significantly delayed and the delay tendency rate was 9.0 d·10a^-1. But the stages from emergence to maturity occurred earlier (0.1 d·10a^-1<θ<1.7 d·10a^-1, θ is the change slope of maize phenology). The length of vegetative period (VPL) (from emergence to tasseling) was shortened by 0.9 d·10a^-1, while the length of generative period (GPL) (from tasseling to maturity) was lengthened by 1.7 d·10a^-1. The growing season length (GSL) (from emergence to maturity) was lengthened by 0.4 d·10a^-1. Correlation analysis indicated that maize phenology was significantly correlated with average temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and growing degree days (GDD) (p<0.01). Average temperature had significant negative correlation relationship, while precipitation, sunshine duration and growing degree days had significant positive correlations with maize phenology. Sensitivity analysis indicated that maize phenology showed different responses to variations in key climate factors, especially at different sites. The conclusions of this research could provide scientific supports for agricultural adaptation to climate change to address the global food security issue.     

青海玛多MS7.4地震前b值时空变化特征

大量研究表明地震孕育过程中存在相对平静期,该阶段b值会相对下降,b值变化在地震活动性研究中起着十分重要的作用。2021年5月22日青海玛多发生MS7.4地震,为研究地震前b值时空变化特征,本文截取2009年至震前地震目录,将地震目录分为去除余震目录、完整地震目录,对比研究b值变化特征。研究发现,玛多MS7.4地震前1年b值开始低于均值且不断下降,至b值有上升趋势时地震发生,扩大到区域内其它5级以上地震,也符合此规律,地震发生后b值明显上升,短时间内又下降至较低位置,并一直处于较低位置直至下次地震发生;从b值空间扫描结果看,玛多MS7.4地震前,震中位于低b值区域,该位置为b值最低处;通过不同时间段的b值空间扫描结果,可发现玛多MS7.4地震发生前低b值区域向震中不断迁移,表明地震发生前震中附近应力不断集中;b值空间扫描时,完整地震目录掩盖了中强震震中区域低b值特性,去余震地震目录较好的凸显了中强震震中区域低b值特性。     

HRPT卫星接收天线控制系统改造和维护

1基于KED方法定量估测降水的技术研究《湖南气象》2006年第3期陈媛近几十年来,国内外对融合雷达和雨量计数据开展定量估测降水的研究不少,     

Integrated geoelectrical resistivity and hydrogeochemical methods for delineating and mapping heavy metal zone in aquifer system

A novel study on using geoelectrical resistivity, soil property, and hydrogeochemical analysis methods for delineating and mapping of heavy metal in aquifer system is presented in this paper. A total of 47 surveys of geoelectrical resistivity with Wenner configuration were conducted to determine the subsurface and the groundwater characteristics. The groundwater sample from 53 existing wells and 2 new wells has been analyzed to derive their water chemical content. The chemical analysis was done on the soil sample obtained from new two wells and from selected locations. The water and soil chemical analysis results from the new two wells were used as calibration in resistivity interpretation. The occurrence of heavy metal in aquifer system was expected to detect using the geoelectrical resistivity survey for the whole study area. The result of groundwater analysis shows that the groundwater sample contains a relatively low concentration of Fe (<?0.3 mg/L) elongating from the south up to the middle region. While in the middle and the northwestern, Fe concentration is relatively high (around 12 mg/L). Chemical analysis of soil sample shows that in the lower resistivity zone (<?18 Ωm), Al and Fe concentrations are comparatively high with an average of 68,000 and 40,000 mg/kg, respectively. Starting from the middle to the northwestern zone, the resistivity value appears to be low. It is definitely caused by higher Al and Fe concentration within the soil, and it is supported also by lower total anion content in the groundwater. While the resistivity value of more than 40 Ωm in aquifers is obtained in the zone which Fe concentration is relatively lower in the soil but not present in the groundwater. Correlation Fe concentration in the soil and Fe concentration in the groundwater sample shows the trend of positively linear; however, the Al concentration in soil has no correlation with Al content in groundwater. Finally, the probability of high heavy metal zone in the aquifer system is easily delineated by the distribution of geoelectrical resistivity presented in depth slice shapes which extend from the Boundary Range Composite Batholith in the north to the northwest.     

Effects of vegetation restoration on soil physical properties of abandoned farmland on the Loess Plateau,China

To improve the ecological environment in China, the Chinese government implemented a country-wide ecological protection and reforestation project (namely the “Grain for Green Project”) in 1999 to return cultivated land with slopes of 25° or more to perennial vegetation. Vegetation restoration reduces soil erosion mainly by changing the soil physical properties. Different vegetation restoration methods might produce different impacts on soil physical properties. In this study, two vegetation restoration methods (i.e., natural restoration and artificial restoration) were compared on abandoned farmland in the typically hilly and gullied areas of the Loess Plateau of Northwest China. In the natural restoration method, the farmland was abandoned to natural vegetation succession without irrigation, fertilization or other artificial disturbances. In the artificial restoration method, the farmland was planted with black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and watered and cultivated for the first two years. Three soil physical properties (i.e., soil moisture, bulk density and aggregation) were investigated under the two vegetation restoration methods. The results showed that the soil moisture and soil bulk density were higher under artificial restoration than under natural restoration within the first three years of vegetation restoration. By the fourth year, the soil moisture and soil bulk density were higher under natural restoration than under artificial restoration. For the stability of soil aggregates?>?0.25 mm, the soil aggregates in the 0-20 cm soil layer were more stable under artificial restoration than under natural restoration, while the results were the opposite for the 40-60 cm soil layer. Overall, the soil physical properties were continuously improved during the restoration of vegetation on abandoned farmland. In choosing between vegetation restoration methods, natural restoration is preferable to artificial restoration, but artificial intervention is needed during the first three years.     

钛-氨三乙酸-对氯苯基荧光酮-CTMAB四元配合物的分光光度法研究

本文研究Ti(Ⅳ)-氨三乙酸(NTA)-对氯苯基荧光酮(p-ClPF)-CTMAB四元配合物的显色条件。结果表明,在pH5.8—6.6形成了摩尔比为Ti(Ⅳ):NTA:p-ClPF:CTMAB=1:1:3:3的四元配合物,借此反应测定钛,灵敏度高,其ε_(573nm)=2.1×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。Ti(Ⅳ)浓度在0—1.4μg/10ml范围服从比耳定律。已用本法直接测定了岩矿和铝合金中的Ti,结果满意。     

常州雷暴的气候特点及多普勒雷达回波特征

利用常州基本观测站1952-2007年长序列的雷暴观测资料和多普勒雷达回波资料,采用数理统计和小波变换方法,对常州雷暴的变化规律、周期特征以及雷达回波特征进行了分析.结果表明:(1)雷暴日数年代际间差异显著.(2)雷暴年际变化很大,最大值为最小值的5.9倍;雷暴日数总体呈显著减少的趋势.(3)夏季为雷暴高发季节,占总雷暴日数的66.8%.(4)月际变化差异大,雷暴集中出现在4-9月,其中7、8月为雷暴高发月.(5)从日分布来看,傍晚出现次数最多,其次为下午,上午出现最少.(6)常州年雷暴日数分布主要表现为12a(年代际)震荡周期贯穿在整个56年里;1952-2004年存在着非常明显7a左右的次周期特征;1968-2007年还存在3～4a的小周期特征.(7)常州雷暴的雷达回波基本反射率因子一般在30～65dBz之间,回波顶高为6～17km.(9)常州雷暴雷达回波移向主要有五类:西南东北向、东南西北向、西北东南向、旋转、局地生成.另外对常州雷雨大风和冰雹进行了统计分析,发现:7月为雷雨大风最高发月;5月和7月为冰雹最高发月.     

浅谈多传感器融合技术在气象观测中应用

多传感器融合技术现阶段在气象观测中的应用主要体现在气温降水多传感器上,多传感器的正式运行减轻了地面气象观测人工维护工作量,确保气温与雨量数据的完整性,但在使用中发现多传感器融合观测存在的一些问题,如果能完善解决这些问题,则能进一步提高气温降水观测数据的准确性,实现全方位地面观测自动化。     

Assessment of global meteorological,hydrological and agricultural drought under future warming based on CMIP6

在全球变暖背景下,分析和预测干旱的变化趋势和传播规律对于区域生态环境安全和灾害管理具有重要意义.本文基于第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6),分析了SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5两种变暖情景下的气象(标准化降水指数SPI和标准化降水蒸发指数SPED,水文(标准化径流指数SRI)和农业(标准化土壤水分指数SSI)...     

“96.8”特大暴雨的中尺度对流云团特征

１９９６年８月３－５日河北省的西南部地区出现了特大暴雨过程。此次特大暴雨，主要是８６０８号台风登陆后减弱为低气压西北上，副热带高压加强西进，低层从东北部有弱冷空气扩散南下，在暴雨区域形成湿斜压锋区，触发不稳定能量释放，致使台我低压北方形成３个中尺度对流云团所致。