湘中龙山地区变形序列及金锑矿控矿构

龙山金锑矿区位于湘中盆地龙山穹窿内。关于湘中地区上古生界中不同方向褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代均存在多种观点,对龙山金锑矿区内含矿断裂的运动学特征和时代背景等缺乏观测和认识。鉴此,本文根据大量地表和井下露头构造观测和解析,结合区域构造特征、矿床地质特征和已有区域构造事件研究成果,厘定了龙山金锑矿及邻区的构造变形序列以及上古生界中褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代,探讨了构造控矿规律及动力学机制。主要成果认识如下：（1）研究区自早至晚经历了6期主要变形事件：①奥陶纪末—志留纪NW向挤压;②中三叠世晚期NW向挤压;③晚三叠世SN向—NNE向挤压;④中侏罗世晚期NWW向挤压;⑤白垩纪区域NW—SE向伸展;⑥古近纪中晚期NE向挤压。（2）上古生界中NE向褶皱形成于中三叠世晚期,EW向褶皱形成于晚三叠世,NNE向褶皱形成于中侏罗世晚期;龙山穹窿形成于中三叠世晚期NE向复背斜与晚三叠世EW向复背斜的叠加。（3）两期复背斜核部因应力集中而更易形成导矿、容矿断裂,加之穹窿构造常伴随隐伏花岗岩体,导致龙山金锑矿定位于龙山穹窿的中部。龙山金锑矿的导矿构造为两期复背斜相关的NE向和EW向隐伏逆冲断裂;容矿构造为中三叠晚期形成的NWW向右行走滑断裂,晚三叠世形成的NNE向和NE左行走滑断裂、NW向右行走滑断裂。（4）区内矿体的高角度侧伏与含矿断裂运动方向低角度倾斜有关,而后者与盖层单向滑移导致区域最大主压应力倾斜有关。     

EFFECT OF COARSENING OF SURFACE BED MATERIAL ON NON-EQUILIBRIUM SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESS DURING RIVER DEGRADATION

1INTRODUCTIONNon-equilibriumsedimenttransportina"at'Uralstreamwithnon-uniformbedmaterialisasubjectofilltensiveresearch.ThesedimentconcentrationmaybenotequaltothetransportcapacityofflowinanalluvialrivedItgraduallyapproachesequilibriumbydegradationoraggradationinalongdistance.usuallyover100kilometers.Thisproblemisofgreatimportancetothepredictionofthedistributionoferosionordepositionalongachannel,especiallyforlargeriversinChina.Scientistsstudiednonequilibriumsedimenttransportandthemainresul…     

水下地形测绘的前期质量控制

本文较为全面地介绍了水下地形测绘前期生产的流程及在各生产环节中存在的影响产品质量的因素、产生原因等,并提出了水下地形测绘相关质量控制的方法及途径.     

湖南省成矿地质事件纲要

[研究目的]湖南省矿产资源丰富,矿种及成因类型繁多,但对各类矿产形成的时代和构造背景尚缺乏系统归纳和总结.[研究方法]本文在既有区域矿产资料基础上,结合近些年区域构造演化、成岩成矿年龄、矿床成因机制等研究成果,对湖南省成矿地质事件及各期成矿事件的构造背景、矿床成因、矿产发育和分布特征等进行了系统探讨和总结.[研究结果]...     

粤北长江铀矿田棉花坑断裂、油洞断裂特征及其与铀成矿关系

长江铀矿田位于广东仁化县,是中国华南地区最重要的硬岩型铀矿田。铀矿田内发育北北西（近南北）向含矿构造和北东东向棉花坑断裂及北西西向油洞断裂。棉花坑断裂、油洞断裂与铀成矿的关系涉及到矿田控矿构造格局构建和进一步找矿预测等关键问题。通过精细野外地质调查,重点研究棉花坑断裂、油洞断裂与北北西（近南北）向含矿断裂的相互关系,特别是断裂构造发育的特点和相互配套关系,取得如下认识:棉花坑断裂为脆性断裂破碎带,以未胶结的含有磨圆的花岗岩角砾的构造角砾岩和断层泥为特征,线性构造和负地貌特征明显,属于成矿后压扭性断裂,断错铀矿体和铀矿化带,但位移不大;油洞断裂为脆性破碎带,具有线性构造和负地貌特征,为北北西（近南北）向控矿构造的伴生张扭性断裂,并局部被其后的基性岩脉充填,它不是高级序控矿断裂,仅仅起局部含矿构造作用;油洞断裂带附近的韧性变形不是油洞断裂的连续韧性变形带,而是油洞岩体内小规模、零星不规则、多方向韧性变形的一部分;基于含矿构造呈北北西（近南北）向的展布特征,矿田内进一步的找矿方向不是沿着棉花坑断裂或油洞断裂的方向,而是沿着北北西（近南北）向含矿构造及现有矿化带的走向和倾向深部,在现有矿带间空白区的深部也很可能存在隐伏矿带。      

An Investigation into the Processes and Quantity of Dust Emissions over Gravel and Sand Deserts in North-Western China

The quality of nocturnal temperature forecasts made by the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) numerical model is evaluated. The model was run for all July 2012 nights, and temperature fields compared to hourly observations made at 26 weather stations in southern Brazil. Four different planetary boundary-layer (PBL) schemes are considered: Bougeault–Lacarrere (BouLac), Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE), Yonsei University (YSU) and Mellor–Yamada–Janjic (MYJ). Additional simulations to assess the role of higher horizontal and vertical resolutions were performed using the MYJ scheme. All schemes, except BouLac, underestimated the 2-m temperature, and in all cases the temperature bias is dependent on wind speed. At high wind speeds, all schemes exhibit a cold bias, which is greater for those that yield lower nocturnal surface-layer turbulent intensity. The elevation difference between each station and the model nearest grid point \(H_{\textit{station}} -H_{\textit{gridpoint}} \) is highly correlated with the temperature simulation error. We found that a consistent cold bias is restricted to conditions with low-level clouds. We concluded that one possible means of improving nocturnal temperature forecast is to use parametrization schemes that allow for higher turbulent intensity in near-neutral conditions. The results indicate that this improvement would partially counteract the misrepresentation of the low-level cloud cover. In most stable cases, a post-processing algorithm based on terrain characteristics may improve the forecasts.     

KINETIC MODELING OF CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS FOR PARTICLE MOTION IN LOW TO MODERATELY CONCENTRATED FLOWS

Formulating underlying mechanisms of concentrated solid-liquid flows is essential for simulation of various industrial processes and natural phenomena. A generalized constitutive model for particle motion in flows with low to moderate solids concentrations is developed. This generalized model facilitates characterization of inelastic collisions, particle-fluid interactions, and shearing effects. Moderately concentrated simple shear flows of a sand-water mixture are analyzed, and comparisons of model predictions and experimental data are in good agreement. This model exhibits sound performance in characterizing particle motion for wide ranges of concentration and shear rate, and may supply a reasonable and competent alternative to previous models developed for dilute and rapid-granular flows when applied to moderately concentrated situations. The concentration approaches zero （C --~ O） asymptote is observed at a relatively high shear rate in model predictions. Assumption of low collisional dissipation of the particle phase as C → 0 is more reasonable for this observation, compared to that without the interstitial fluid effect. Accurately modeling energy dissipation is important for characterizing the stability of dilute simple shear flows of solid-liquid mixtures. Incorporating friction forces will also facilitate improvement of the applicability of this generalized model to flows at extremely high concentrations.     

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

利用人工模拟植被试验,系统研究了6个坡度和10个流量、5种覆盖度条件下坡面流水力参数水力要素关系及阻力的变化特征,以期揭示坡面植被水流阻力的内在规律性.结果表明:流态指数随植被覆盖度的增加而显著增加,相同植被覆盖度下,试验坡度对其影响并不显著.各试验工况下,水流流态主要分布在"虚拟层流区"和过渡流区,未达到紊流区.随试验坡度的增加,水流流态由缓流向急流区域延伸,而随覆盖度的增加,流态向相反方向延伸.植被覆盖条件下坡面水流阻力与雷诺数的变化规律并非呈单调增加或者单调递减的趋势,而与植被覆盖度紧密相关,当植被覆盖度较低时,阻力系数随雷诺数的增加而减小,而覆盖度较高时,阻力系数随雷诺数增加呈线性增加的趋势.     

雪峰造山带北段灰山港地区构造变形特征及其形成构造背景

雪峰造山带位于江南造山带西南段,是研究和认识华南构造演化的重要窗口.本文在对雪峰造山带北段灰山港地区的构造变形特征系统调查的基础上,探讨了构造变形体制、成因机制和加里东运动及印支运动构造线方向横向变化的成因.调查发现,区内存在两个角度不整合面,据此划分3个构造层,即加里东构造层(Nh～S1)、海西-印支构造层(D2～P...     

湘东雁林寺金矿田及邻区构造变形事件与控矿构造属性

雁林寺金矿田位于湘东北金矿区南部,发育大量中小型金矿床（点）。前人对区内包括控矿构造在内的各类变形的运动学特征及形成时代和机制尚缺乏探讨和解析,从而影响到对矿床形成和保存规律的全面认识。鉴此,本文基于区域构造特征和大量露头构造的详细解析,厘定了雁林寺金矿田及邻区的构造变形序列及其时代背景,并结合矿床地质和同位素测年等其他资料,探讨了成矿时代和控矿构造属性。主要认识如下：（1）研究区自早至晚经历了新元古代中期NW—SE向挤压、志留纪早期NW—SE向挤压、志留纪末花岗岩体主动侵位挤压、中三叠世晚期NW—SE向挤压、晚三叠世NNW—SSE向—S—N向挤压、中侏罗世晚期NWW—SEE向—近E—W向挤压、白垩纪NW—SE向伸展、古近纪中晚期NE—SW向—NNE—SSW向挤压、古近纪晚期—新近纪初NW—SE向挤压等9期构造事件,形成了不同走向和规模的褶皱、逆断裂、顺层剪切带、正断裂、右行和左行走滑断裂与剪切破裂、断陷盆地、劈理、膝折等构造类型,以及部分构造走向的后期偏转。（2）区内存在志留纪末和晚三叠世两期金成矿作用,均与同期花岗质岩浆活动有关。（3）雁林寺金矿田容矿构造主要有前中生代顺层脆韧性剪切带和层间断裂、中—晚三叠世的NW向—NWW向右行走滑断裂和剪切裂隙、花岗岩枝的内外接触带等3类。志留纪末金矿床的导矿构造为先期NE向深部逆断裂,晚三叠世金矿床的导矿构造为中三叠世晚期的NE向逆断裂、晚三叠世早期的NEE向和EW向逆断裂。对两期金矿床而言,成矿后各期变形事件中形成的不同类型断裂均可能成为破矿构造。