地球坐标系内的磁场转换方法

为了满足卫星磁测资料解释的需要,作者提出了地球坐标系内的磁场转换方法,包括:（1）非同一球面上磁场换算同一球面上磁场的“曲化平”方法;（2）不同球面磁场互换的“延拓”方法;（3）由测量方向与磁化方向均与基本地磁场一致的场T,换算测量与磁化方向均指向地心的场Z,的“化向地磁极”方法。所有方法均建立在球谐分析的基础上,且均可以应用于地球表面的局部区域。     

河南省桐柏县银洞坡金矿床(西段) 地球化学找矿标志及预测评价

通过对河南银洞坡金矿床地球化学特征的研究, 建立了地球化学找矿标志。元素组合复杂, 由Au、Ag、Pb、Zn、As、Cd形成了强异常;主要异常元素浓集中心明显, 分带清晰;w(As)/w(Mo)≥4;w(As)+w(Cd)+w(Au)/w(Ni)+w(Co)+w(Mo)≥10;浓集克拉克值≥0.5, 变异系数≥1;异常呈条带状有规律分布并受含矿层及构造控制。根据这些标志, 在银洞坡矿区外围W4～W24线等地进行了成矿预测, 预测结果新增加金金属量11.945 t。     

An Overview of Researches on Land-Atmosphere Interaction over Semi-Arid Region Under Global Changes

The semi-arid region, as a key part of global land, plays an important role in climate change. In the process of modern climate change, the semi-arid region is significantly affected by local human activities, showing remarkable expansion and obvious decadal variations. In this paper, we summarized the studies of the land-atmosphere interaction in the semi-arid regions in recent years, and major land surface observation plans. We put emphasis on energy balance, water cycle, carbon cycle in land-atmosphere interaction of climate change, and their performance in historical simulation and future prediction. The prediction results illustrate that new character of land-atmosphere interaction will appear as the drying of drylands in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the understanding of land-atmosphere interaction and move forward energetically on research in regional climate from different aspects.     

Test of Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling across central Uplift of Qiangtang Terrane in Tibetan Plateau

A test of deep seismic reflection profiling across the central uplift or metamorphic belt of the Qiangtang (羌塘) terrane, Tibet plateau, provides a first image of the crustal structure. Complex reflection patterns in the upper crust are interpreted as a series of folds and thrusts, and hivergent reflections in the lower crust may represent a convergence between the Indian and the Eurasian plates.     

激光探针等离子体质谱用于锆石Pb-Pb定年的分析和校正方法的进一步探讨

激光探针等离子体质谱可对锆石进行快速准确的Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ同位素定年。本文进一步探讨了该方法应用中的几个问题。对不同样品采用不同的聚焦方式可以对Ｕ／Ｐｂ分异有一定的控制作用。在一定的条件下,不连续和连续采样模式都可以得到较高精度和准确度的结果。连续采样模式还可以得到同位素计数的深度剖面。不同的测量滞留时间会影响测量结果的精度。２０ｍｓ为适合锆石２０７Ｐｂ／２０８Ｐｂ分析的最佳测量滞留时间。在对测定结果进行校正时,可以采用玻璃标样ＮＩＳＴ６１０和钻石标样两种不同的校正方法。     

Arsenic remediation by Australian laterites

The efficiency of Australian laterites in arsenic adsorption has been examined using three laterite samples collected from different locations in South Australia. The characteristics such as electrical conductivity, pH, mineral compositions, and isoelectric point of laterite samples have been measured. The laterite samples are mainly composed of iron and aluminum oxides, and rutile (TiO₂). Two batch experiments have been performed to compare the efficiencies of different laterites to remove AS (III) from water at two different doses, and to examine whether pH influences arsenic adsorption. For 50 mg/l arsenic solution, at doses 1,000 g (laterite)/l (arsenic solution) and 200 g/l, the laterites removed more than 97% and 87–97%, respectively. At the dose of 200 g/l, adsorption capacity has been found to be 200–243 mg/kg. Out of the laterite samples from three localities, the Kangaroo Island laterite performed the best. This is probably related to its high content of gibbsite. It has been found that arsenic adsorption by laterite is not significantly affected at the examined pH ranges of 4.7–10.0.     

Development Plan of East Unity Oil Field, Sudan, Using Reservoir Simulation Study

Simulation study was applied in the development planning of East Unity oil field, Sudan. A grid consisting of 2 000 cells was constructed. A major challenge of the study was to evolve a full field development and future reservoir management strategy that would ensure maximum recovery of oil based on well Un51. Simulation shows that Un51 as injection well in AradiebaC would yield better oil recovery than to be production well.     

楔形构造在山前冲断构造位移量消减中的作用

介于复活的天山造山带与稳定的准噶尔克拉通之间的准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带,是印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞的远距离效应产物,也是新近纪以来青藏高原隆升并向北推挤的直接结果。前陆冲断带吸收了来自造山带的水平缩短构造位移量后,克拉通一侧构造趋于稳定。准噶尔盆地南缘与世界上多数前陆冲断带构造地质特征相似,通过区域地震剖面的精细构造几何学和运动学解析,发现其中的楔形构造非常典型,是前陆冲断带内部冲断构造位移量消减的主要方式之一,控制着前陆冲断带分布范围和变形方式。准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形主要由南侧的天山造山带向北逆掩冲断,但是大部分冲断构造位移量是通过楔形构造反向传递后消减。紧邻天山北麓的齐古-喀拉扎-昌吉等构造带,山前深部的楔形体沿侏罗系西山窑组煤层向北扩展过程中,部分位移量沿构造楔顶部的反冲断层向南消减,并切割上覆地层形成第一排背斜带,另一部分位移量则继续向北传递,在断坡位置引发褶皱变形,形成霍-玛-吐第二排构造带和安集海-呼图壁第三排背斜带。准噶尔盆地南缘第二、三排构造带中-新生界内部发育多个小型的构造楔型体,这些互相叠置的楔型构造横向延伸不大,加大了构造变形的复杂性和构造圈闭识别的难度。     

陇中半干旱区生态环境恢复重建与农牧业发展仿真研究

应用系统动力学理论建立了陇中农牧交错带生态环境恢复重建的SD模型，对该区的三种典型治理模式—综合治理型、农牧协调发展型和传统经营型，用该模型仿真研究了2000～2080年的生态系统发展趋势。结果表明：农牧协调发展模式可使农牧业协调持续发展，土壤侵蚀量减少76．1％，生态环境稳步趋向良性循环，它是该区生态环境治理与农牧业持续发展的最佳模式。     

大亚湾底栖生物体中4种重金属残毒量分析与评价

利用 2 0 0 0年 3月大亚湾环境现状调查的资料 ,对大亚湾底栖生物体中残毒量进行现状与历史资料比较分析 ,评价底栖生物受重金属污染的程度及其食用质量。结果表明 ,该水域底栖生物未受重金属污染 ,但甲壳动物和软体动物体中Cu和Zn具有潜在的严重积累问题 ;甲壳动物和软体动物体中Cd含量已超过人体消费标准 ,应引起有关部门的警惕