基于图像处理技术的岩心裂缝图像提取

基于数字图像处理技术,利用油田大量现场岩心纵向(或平面)劈开面图像资料,可直接分离出岩心剖面上裂缝信息.最大类间方差法的二值化算法是基于类间方差达到最大为准则,采用该法获得了理想的二值化效果,较准确地从岩心剖面中提取出裂缝图像信息.     

电视气象节目的市场化运营

在当今以受众者为核心的传播时代,电视气象节目的发展应与电视传媒的整体变革同步进行;逐步完善节目的内容和形式,逐步达到受众的欣赏要求,逐步实现节目的市场化运营.     

对临汾人工影响天气工作的调研报告

人工增雨防雹是直接为工农业生产服务的公益性事业,有利于促进草木植被生长,可有效地扑救森林、草场火灾,是保护和改善生态环境的重要措施;可以减轻大气污染程度,改善空气质量,有益于人们的身心健康;可以缓解工业、农业和人民生活用水供需矛盾,促进社会经济可持续发展。分析表明,凡是降水量明显偏少的年份,粮食大都减产;年降雨量多的年份,粮食大都增产。这表明,人工增雨消雹对于经济建设和社会发展尤其是对农业生产有着重要的意义。     

Multi-Year Simulations and Experimental Seasonal Predictions for Rainy Seasons in China by Using a Nested Regional Climate Model （RegCM_NCC） Part Ⅱ： The Experimental Seasonal Prediction

A nested regional climate model has been experimentally used in the seasonal prediction at the China National Climate Center (NCC) since 2001. The NCC/IAP (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) T63 coupled GCM (CGCM) provides the boundary and initial conditions for driving the regional climate model (RegCM NCC). The latter has a 60-km horizontal resolution and improved physical parameterization schemes including the mass flux cumulus parameterization scheme, the turbulent kinetic energy closure scheme (TKE) and an improved land process model (LPM). The large-scale terrain features such as the Tibetan Plateau are included in the larger domain to produce the topographic forcing on the rain-producing systems. A sensitivity study of the East Asian climate with regard to the above physical processes has been presented in the first part of the present paper. This is the second part, as a continuation of Part I. In order to verify the performance of the nested regional climate model, a ten-year simulation driven by NCEP reanalysis datasets has been made to explore the performance of the East Asian climate simulation and to identify the model’s systematic errors. At the same time, comparative simulation experiments for 5 years between the RegCM2 and RegCM NCC have been done to further understand their differences in simulation performance. Also, a ten-year hindcast (1991–2000) for summer (June–August), the rainy season in China, has been undertaken. The preliminary results have shown that the RegCM NCC is capable of predicting the major seasonal rain belts. The best predicted regions with high anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) are located in the eastern part of West China, in Northeast China and in North China, where the CGCM has maximum prediction skill as well. This fact may reflect the importance of the largescale forcing. One significant improvement of the prediction derived from RegCM NCC is the increase of ACC in the Yangtze River valley where the CGCM has a very low, even a negative, ACC. The reason behind this improvement is likely to be related to the more realistic representation of the large-scale terrain features of the Tibetan Plateau. Presumably, many rain-producing systems may be generated over or near the Tibetan Plateau and may then move eastward along the Yangtze River basin steered by upper-level westerly airflow, thus leading to enhancement of rainfalls in the mid and lower basins of the Yangtze River. The real-time experimental predictions for summer in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 by using this nested RegCM NCC were made. The results are basically reasonable compared with the observations.     

Chinese Surveying and Control Network for Earth-Orbit Satellites and Deep Space Detection

Introduction Astorealizetheprojectofspatialgeodesyby geodeticsatellites,itisnecessarytoestablisha satellitecontrollingandsurveyingnetwork(SC SN)totrack,tosurvey,toremotelycontroland tocommunicatewithearth orbitsatellite,forre alizingtheprojectofdeepspaced…     

测绘标准管理信息系统的设计与实现

测绘标准管理信息系统是标准信息化建设的主要内容，是测绘标准信息管理、应用及服务的重要基础支撑平台。本文结合开展测绘标准管理信息系统研究和建立的实际经验，根据标准信息建设与服务的技术现状和发展趋势，从设计要求、系统功能框架、标准信息管理、标准化工作管理、安全性和数据备份等方面介绍了测绘标准管理信息系统的设计思路，并就其实现方法和所采用的相应技术作了简单的叙述。     

近太空平台摄影测量与遥感

本文介绍了近太空平台及主要特点，提出了在近太空平台搭载各类传感器进行摄影测量与遥感的初步设想，分析了它们的测绘性能，认为未来近太空平台摄影测量系统将成为航空和卫星系统的重要补充。     

利用宽频带数字地震记录测定谱震级

谱震级是表征地震强弱的量度,是地震学研究中的一个重要的地震参数。在地震预测和工程地震研究中具有重要的实际意义。谱震级测定还可得到地震辐射的能量,再通过和标量地震矩的比较,可以估计地震震源处的视应力,而视应力也是震源物理研究中一个重要的物理量。考虑到我国地震台网分布不均匀的情况,本文尝试利用单台的宽频带波形资料进行谱震级的测定。选用CDSN昆明地震台(KMI)记录的近震宽频带波形资料,分析地震图垂直分量上的P波,采用 Duda等人提出的谱震级的测定方法,改进并提出了一种能够利用宽频带波形资料,直接用速度谱值测定地震谱震级的方法。所得谱震级结果与ISC给出的Ms震级对比后,发现相差不大;所得的能量结果与NEIC用远震体波测得的能量结果具有较好的一致性。用同样的方法,将来还可对不同地区更小的地震进行谱震级的测定,这无疑对地震学的进一步研究很有帮助。     

Characteristics of China’s oil and gas pool formation in latest geological history

The structural activities took place extensively in the Asia continent during the Cenozoic era owing to the strong continent-to-continent collision and continuous compression between the India Plate and the Eurasia Plate. Huang Jiqing called such structural activities Himalayan movement. China’s sedimentary basins developed and took shape mainly during the Himalayan movement period. It is also the main period for formation and development of the oil and gas reservoirs. Of 366 large and medium-sized oil and gas fields currently found in China, 212 reservoirs were formed in the Neogene-Quaternary period. The proportion is as high as 68.2%. The oil and gas migration and accumulation in the latest geological period, which were controlled by the times, properties, styles and strength of the Himalayan movement, took place mainly in eight regions, such as the low uplift area of Bohai Sea, the onshore faulted sag area of Bohai Bay, anticlinorium zone in Daqing, the foreland fold-and-thrust belt in West China, the tilted structural zone in West China, the cratonic palaeohigh in the Tarim Basin, the zone of fault and fold belt in the East Sichuan Basin, and the biological gas zone in the East Qaidam Basin. The oil and gas pool formations in those regions have their own characteristics. With the great potential and broad prospect, those regions are the main exploration areas in China in the future.     

国家“十一五”科技支撑重点项目“人工影响天气关键技术与装备研发”获批准

2006年10月14日，科技部社会发展科技司在北京组织了“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目“人工影响天气关键技术研究及装备研发”可行性论证报告会。会后，项目牵头组织单位中国气象局在听取专家意见的基础上，通过择优委托，确定了本项目的7个课题和相应承担单位：