城市综合功能GIS框架结构研究

城市综合功能GIS是城市重要的基础设施 ,它是实现城市可持续发展的基本保证之一。城市综合功能GIS的基本框架结构分为基础层、专题基础层、专题层和综合层。其特点是功能强大、结构复杂、数据多样 ,服务广泛     

A new asteroid-associated meteor shower and notes on comet-asteroid connection

The calculation of the orbit of the potentially hazardous Asteroid 2001 YB₅ suggests a possible meteor shower around January 7.5, 2002 UT. Video observations revealed an unidentified radiant around the predicted maximum time, at RA=121.5°, Dec=+11.5°(for solar longitude 287.30°). Visual observers also reported unusually high rates from that region on the same night, indicating that 2001 YB₅ did produce a weak meteor shower. Furthermore, it is noticed that 2001 YB₅ is a rare B-type asteroid in same spectral class with Asteroid (3200) Phaethon, the parent body of the only previously known asteroid-associate meteor shower, Geminids.     

陕西淳化圣人桥平缓盖层中复杂褶皱的成因——兼论重力滑动构造的分类

陕西圣人桥附近,复杂多样的褶皱出现在平缓的地台盖层之中。对其成因,争议颇多,或认为推覆作用所致,或认为受断裂作用控制。笔者通过详细研究,认为这些复杂褶皱是一种水底重力滑塌构造。据此,还提出了重力滑动构造新的分类,即重力蠕滑;重力滑塌以及重力滑碎等三类。     

Verification of a Similar Cycle Prediction for the Ascending and Peak Phases of Solar Cycle 23

Reviews of long-term predictions of solar cycles have shown that a precise prediction with a lead time of 2 years or more of a solar cycle remains an unsolved problem. We used a simple method, the method of similar cycles, to make long-term predictions of not only the maximum amplitude but also the smoothed monthly mean sunspot number for every month of Solar Cycle 23. We verify and compare our prediction with the latest available observational results.     

三峡地区地震灾害损失预测研究

利用三峡及邻区发生的40多次历史地震资料，结合30多年来的20多次地震灾害现场考察资料，对三峡地区地震灾害损失进行了预测。结果显示：同震级的水库诱发地震的危害性比天然构造地震大，破坏性更强，但对三峡大坝不会构成危害。     

江苏省测震台网井下地震计方位角检测

为获取江苏省测震台网井下地震计精确方位角,架设地面参考地震计,将其精确指北,并与井下地震计检测结果进行对比,利用相关分析法计算22个深井台站精度较高的方位角。研究结果表明,受多因素制约,井下地震计检测结果普遍偏差较大,部分台站水平向分量几乎反向,如提井,需重新进行方位角检测;地面与井下地震计同频带有利于提高相关性,从而获取高精度检测结果;利用不同频带地震计进行井下地震计方位角检测时,对较宽频带地震计进行仿真处理尤为重要;溧阳2台站新建井下地震计检测结果表明相关分析法可应用于井下地震计方位角检测;尽可能选择台基噪声功率谱密度曲线具有明显波峰频段作为滤波频段,有利于提高地面与井下地震计观测数据相关性,提高方位角检测精度。     

鄂尔多斯北缘断裂托克托段晚第四纪活动特征

鄂尔多斯北缘断裂作为河套断陷带和鄂尔多斯地块的边界断裂,研究其晚第四纪活动特征,对于科学评价黄河流域内蒙古河套段的地震危险性具有重要意义。本文利用野外地质调查、微地貌测量、浅层人工地震勘探及钻孔联合剖面探测相结合的方法,综合地层年代样品测试结果,确定了该断裂托克托段的准确位置和最新活动特征。研究结果表明,鄂尔多斯北缘断裂托克托段沿线构造地貌不发育,推测断裂的最新活动可能尚未达到地表,地表的地貌陡坎应为河流侵蚀成因。断裂在深、浅地震反射剖面上表现为“Ｙ”字形的张性断裂系,主断裂倾向北,分支断裂倾向南,整体上陡下缓,具有多个地堑式分布的特点。跨断裂钻孔联合剖面上显示,单个分支断裂的同震垂直位移量为2～2.5 m,最新活动时代为43.5～70 ka。鄂尔多斯北缘断裂是一条晚更新世活动的深大断裂,具有一定的地震危险性。     

东昆仑丘吉东沟地区泥盆纪花岗岩的成因机制及其对原特提斯造山作用的启示

东昆仑造山带发育巨量显生宙花岗岩,记录了特提斯造山作用的岩浆—构造演化过程.本次研究以东昆仑丘吉东沟地区泥盆纪花岗岩体为研究对象,开展系统的岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究,厘定其成因类型,揭示岩石成因及其对原特提斯造山作用的启示.丘吉东沟花岗岩体由斑状花岗闪长岩组成,岩体内发育暗色微粒包体.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析显示,斑状花岗闪长岩形成于382.7±3.6 Ma,判定其为中泥盆世岩浆活动的产物,岩石具有富硅(w(SiO2)= 66.80％～73.15％)、富碱(w(K2O+Na2O)=7.07％～8.50％)和低铝(A/CNK=0.88～0.97)的特征,属于准铝质高钾钙碱性岩石.岩石的w(MgO)和w(FeO)分别为0.74％～1.77％和2.13％～4.98％,具有变化范围较大的Mg#值(21～50).岩石富集Zr,Nb,Ce和Y等高场强元素(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=330～540X10-6),亏损Ba,Sr,P,Ti和Eu等元素.岩石的稀土分配模式呈右倾的"海鸥式"特征,具有显著的负Eu异常(8Eu=0.12～0.35)和较高的10 000 * Ga/Al比值(2.65～3.72),属于典型的A型花岗岩.构造判别图解指示岩石具有A2型花岗岩特征,形成于后碰撞伸展构造环境.综合分析表明,丘吉东沟泥盆纪A型花岗岩起源于低压高温条件下长英质地壳的部分熔融,具有一定的岩浆混合印记,其成因背景与东昆仑原特提斯域碰撞后伸展作用相关.     

广西隆安都结剖面下石炭统都安组上部鲕粒类型及其地质意义*

鲕粒是一类特殊的沉积颗粒,为古气候和古海洋环境的重要指示器。为了深入认识此类特殊颗粒的成因机制、形成环境及地质意义,对广西隆安地区都结剖面下石炭统都安组上部含鲕粒地层开展了古生物学、沉积学和岩相学研究。研究区共识别出5种主要的鲕粒类型: 放射状纹层鲕粒(O1)、规则同心放射状纹层鲕粒(O2)、不规则同心放射状纹层鲕粒(O3)、泥晶鲕粒(O4-A和O4-B)和复合鲕粒(O5)。各类鲕粒的显微组构和沉积环境指示其具有不同的形成过程,其中水动力条件影响和控制着鲕粒的发育和分布情况。研究区含鲕粒地层形成于维宪期末—谢尔普霍夫期,恰好对应早石炭世晚期冰川作用的开始。受冰川作用影响,全球海平面频繁波动,研究区地处低纬度地区并以浅滩和潮坪沉积环境为主,为鲕粒的形成提供了适宜的水体条件,即温暖、动荡的浅水环境。此外,含鲕粒岩层内广泛发育钙质微生物和微生物席,说明微生物活动在研究区较为常见,可能与鲕粒的形成过程具有一定的关联。     

Analysis of Cloud Scale Error of Low Resolution Satellite Based on GF-4 and Its Influence on Downward Radiation Calculation

In order to study the scale error of low resolution meteorological satellite cloud detection and its impact on the calculation of downlink radiation, cloud detection using high resolution stationary satellite GF-4 data and error analysis were carried out. Firstly, the cloud detection of GF-4 data is carried out by using visible channel threshold method and time series method, and the error of cloud detection results of Himawari-8 and FY-2 (FY-2G, FY-2E) is analyzed based on the results of GF-4 cloud detection.In the study area, FY-2G, FY-2E and Himawari-8 cloud images could distinguish the clouds and clear sky. The main reason for the error was the scale effect produced by different spatial resolution satellites(the differences caused by cloud detection algorithms are not discussed here).Most of the errors occurred in the areas of thin clouds and broken clouds.High resolution data could detect broken clouds, while low resolution data lead to false and missed detection. On this basis, the error of remote sensing calculation of short wave radiation was analyzed,and it was found that the error of the actual cloud amount in the pixel would bring significant error to the estimation of the downward radiation.The relative error of the instantaneous downward radiation in the selected test area was -173.52%, and the maximum relative error of shortwave radiation was -20.20%.The results show that the high resolution stationary satellite data can significantly improve the estimation accuracy of the downlink shortwave radiation in the regions with more broken clouds.