应急管理部多层级视频会议系统跨网段转发技术

介绍应急管理部视频会议系统接入地震系统的基本情况,结合地震应急视频会议系统应用现状,分析多层级跨网视频会议系统的架构特点,着重分析跨网段"背靠背"转发优化技术方案在视频会议系统融合中的实现与应用,以期为类似的应用场景提供参考。     

基于网络控制板的地震台站远程电源监控系统

针对无人值守地震台站逐年增加,运行维护模式不佳的现状,设计一种远程电源监控系统,采用远程电源控制模块,设计软件通过TCP/IP协议,在仪器出现死机时,远程实现设备的断电重启。本文对该系统的设计思路、硬件构成进行描述,并简要介绍软件功能设计、监控告警以及该系统在无人值守台站的应用。实践证明,该系统可有效解决因仪器死机造成的观测数据缺记,为地震专业设备的可靠运行和及时维护提供依据与保障,为今后地震台站,特别是无人值守台站的维护提供借鉴。     

山西定襄七岩泉新旧测氡仪水氡测值稳定性及映震分析

2014年山西定襄七岩泉新增BHC-336智能定标器,对新、旧2套测氡仪的水氡测值,就稳定性、数据一致性、内在质量等进行对比分析,结果显示,因存在系统误差,2台测氡仪水氡测值稳定性均值存在差异,测量精度和性能具有一致性;与新测氡仪相比,旧测氡仪水氡测值相对偏差和均值标准误差更小,精度更高,数据相关程度较高,数据稳定性更好。定襄水氡对华北5级以上地震具有较好的映震能力,新测氡仪对2016年4月7日原平4.6级地震映震效能比旧测氡仪灵敏。     

面向地震巨灾保险的建筑特性快速提取方法

房屋建筑分类是抗震设计和地震风险分析的基础,是巨灾保险的纽带环节,也是结构易损性准确、完备分析的前驱保障,快速获取建筑特性参数非常关键。基于影像数据获取结构特性相比传统手段具有显著优势,然而其准确性具有一定挑战性,从影像数据得到实时的、较准确的结构特性成为地震保险数据获取技术的关注焦点。本文采用深度学习方法开展从影像数据中提取面向地震保险需求的建筑特性数据,构建基于深度学习方法的建筑高度识别模型和基于机器视觉的建筑高度识别方法,运用基于Xception神经网络深度学习和机器视觉的模型,对北京地区的建筑高度进行模型测试,该方法可为地震保险分析提供重要的基础数据支持。     

移动荷载对桥梁动力响应的影响研究——以开裂预应力混凝土简支梁为例

混凝土桥梁在工作过程中会产生裂缝,为分析移动荷载对开裂混凝土桥梁结构刚度的影响,对开裂梁动力响应进行分析。建立简支T梁桥有限元模型,并将移动荷载施加至有限元模型中。根据简支T梁桥破坏横向分布位置和强度的不同,研究不同工况下各梁荷载横向分布及不同移动速度对裂缝扩展宽度的影响。结果表明,数值模拟结果能较好地验证计算模型的准确性;在较大的移动荷载作用下,混凝土开裂,导致结构刚度减小、位移增大;随着移动荷载和速度的增加,开裂时间增加,结构刚度降低,持续时间增加,位移增大,使结构响应呈现明显非线性。     

Evaluation of the potential risks of heavy metal contamination in rice paddy soils around an abandoned Hg mine area in Southwest China

To assess the potential ecological and health risks of trace elements(Hg,Cd,As,Mn,Sb,Pb,Cu,Ni,Cr,and Zn),a total of 138 soil samples from rice paddies were collected during the rice harvest season in the Wanshan mining area,Guizhou Province,Southwest China.Factors of the pollution load index(PLI),geo-accumulation index(I-Geo),enrichment factor(EF),and risk index(RI)were determined.High concentrations of Hg,Sb,As,Zn,Cd,Cu,and Mn were observed in the soils.The PLI,I-Geo,and EF results all showed high levels of contamination by Hg and Sb and moderate levels of contamination by As,Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd,and Mn.There was no significant contamination from Ni and Cr.The RI was very high,with Hg as the dominant pollutant,as expected,indicating that the historical large-scale Hg mining,as well as artisanal mining,has had a significant impact on the Wanshan area.Moreover,coal combustion,manganese factories,and the use of agrochemicals by the local population could also have an impact on the soil through the introduction of heavy metal loads.To address the current state of contamination,pollutant remediation and the regulation control of the anthropogenic activities in Wanshan are urgently needed.     

太湖流域经济发展及其对洪涝的影响

太湖流域是我国最发达的地区之一,流域社会经济发展迅速,经济总量在全国占重要地位。太湖流域经济发展的特点是：经济发展迅速、城市化规模大、流域内区域差异明显。本文就经济发展所带来的洪涝问题做了分析,具体表现为：经济发展,地区承灾能力下降,洪涝灾害损失加大;土地利用变化,流域产水量增加,改变了洪涝形势;地面下沉影响了防洪工程的效益;圩区建设在发挥巨大的防洪除涝效益的同时,也带来负面效益。     

Geomorphology and sediment dynamics of the Liyashan oyster reefs,Jiangsu Coast,China

Oyster reefs and their spatial patterns are deemed to change the local hydrodynamic condition and exert profound impacts on the grain size, concentration and transportation of suspended sediments. Meanwhile, high suspended sediment concentration often results in excess mortality among oysters. Oyster reefs are rare and vital ecosystem in Liyashan national marine park, Jiangsu Coast, China. However, urgent conservation efforts should be made on account of the drastic reduction in reef areas. To investigate the sediment dynamics and the geomorphology, two tripod observation systems were deployed and UAV aerial surveys with elevation measurement using Real Time Kinematic (RTK) were also carried out. High mud content (60%) was found in the bed sediment at the reef ridge, causing much lower drag coefficient than other recorded values of living oyster reefs, indicating the death of oysters and the degradation of reefs in Liyashan. Ridgelines of the string reefs at 45° to the current direction and high suspended sediment concentration in the water body (50–370 mg/L) that exceeds the threshold (200 mg/L), which would affect nutrient uptake efficiency and further result in gill saturation, decrease of clearance rate and associated deposition, were probably crucial causes of the death of oysters. The findings are useful for restoring natural oyster reefs and designing artificial reefs for nature-based coastal defense.     

南大洋海-气CO_2通量研究进展

南大洋是全球最重要的CO2汇区之一。准确估算南大洋及其各海区的海-气CO2通量,是全球碳循环研究的重要内容,其对预测和评估未来南大洋在全球变暖日益加剧的背景下发挥的作用有重要意义。但由于南大洋广阔的海域,恶劣的气候条件、自身复杂的水文物理及地球化学过程等原因,目前对南大洋的CO2通量的评估不一而足,存在较大差异和不确定性。本文讨论了南大洋海-气CO2通量的估算方法和各个海域海-气CO2通量研究的最新进展,并分析了南大洋海-气CO2通量的控制及影响因素。目前对南大洋的年吸收量估计为大约在0.1-0.6PgCyr-1,同时,所有的研究都表明,其存在极大的年度变化性。并且,由于各个海区受到生物、物理和水文等各方面的影响,表层海水CO2分压(pCO2)表现出极大的时空变异性。