区域震相强度比—岩石层热状态的有效指示

本文根据白家疃台６０年代以来的短周期地震记录图，分析了区域震相的强度比。研究表明：Ｓｎ／Ｌｇ波的强度比波传播路径上岩石层热结构、热状态及强地震活动等均有相关性，并就这种相关性对于强地震成因及其预测研究的直接意义进行了讨论。     

Localized identification of MDOF structures in the frequency domain

For the identification of multi-degree-of-freedom structures, it is not practical to identify all of the parameters included in the structures because enormous computation time is required and because identifiability may not be possible. In this paper, a localized identification approach through substructuring is formulated in the frequency domain. A technique of spectral smoothing is incorporated in the approach to deal with noise-corrupted data. The proposed approach can be used to identify the structural parameters in any part of interest in a structure. The numerical investigations for a lumped mass-spring-dashpot system indicate that faster convergence and higher accuracy are achieved and the noise influences on the identified results are reduced greatly by spectral smoothing. The approach also applies to whole-structure identification if the required records available and the numerical example shows that higher accuracy results are obtained with less cpu time and more poorly guessed initial values as compared with the general complete-structure identification.     

湖北峡东地区灯影组石板滩段微化石

本文研究了发现于湖北峡东地区，震旦系灯影组石板滩段燧石夹层岩石薄片中的微古植物化石，包括１０属５种（其中１新属新种）和５个未定种，石板滩段黑色薄层灰岩以富含宏观藻类及碳质印膜和少量后生动物而闻名，我们在燧石夹层牟岩石薄片中，不仅发现上述宏观藻类，而且首次发现共生的微化石。及其他保存很好的微化石，这一发现进一步丰富 我国震旦纪的古生物资料，为地层对比提供了依据。     

中国早期具刺疑源类的演化及生物地层学意义

本文以我国元古代至早寒武世梅树村阶中发现的具刺疑源类化石为基础，结合最近研究的新资料，通过对具刺疑源类化石组合特征、形态对比、微细结构和演经关系的研究，并与国内外资料广泛为对比。探讨了我国早期具刺疑源类的演化阶段、各阶段的组合特征及生物地展学意义，论证了我国早期具刺疑原类的演化发展趋势。     

环境同位素法在西北地区地下水资源评价中的应用

应用环境同位素方法测定了不同类型地下水的年龄，识别了西北干旱、半干旱地区地下水的补给源，进行了补给量的计算，建立了地下水流系统，并取得了新的成果。     

西南天山构造地层学初步研究

西南天山造山带可划分为伊犁中天山、中天山南缘、南天山和塔里木４个构造地层区。伊犁中天山区出露早元古代变质结晶基底及晚期地台型稳定盖层。中天山南缘区产出一套早古生代变质俯冲杂岩。南天山区早古生代为陆坡、陆棚相被动陆缘沉积，晚古生代发育洋壳建造。塔里木区北部出露中晚元古代“优地槽建造”的变质结晶基底和早震旦世后稳定盖层。     

陆内碰撞体制流体作用及成矿作用研究的意义和现状

陆内碰撞作用和流体作用都是８０年代以来的研究前沿，它们的研究必然会大大促进成矿作用研究的发展，也是跟踪和超越世界地球科学先进水平的重要途径。中国拥有最多最复杂的陆内碰撞带，为中国学者开发有关研究并取得高水平成果提供了得天独厚的条件。对陆内碰撞、流体作用和成矿作用研究现状的分析表明，三者之间研究的相互结合是薄弱环节，限制了有关问题的深入，但为我国学者开发该方向的研究，取得领先于国家水平的成果，提供了     

The two-step shape and timing of the last deglaciation in Antarctica

The two-step character of the last deglaciation is well recognized in Western Europe, in Greenland and in the North Atlantic. For example, in Greenland, a gradual temperature decrease started at the Bölling (B) around 14.5 ky BP, spanned through the Alleröd (A) and was followed by the cold Younger Dryas (YD) event which terminated abruptly around 11.5 ky BP. Recent results suggest that this BA/YD sequence may have extended throughout all the Northern Hemisphere but the evidence of a late transition cooling is still poor for the Southern Hemisphere. Here we present a detailed isotopic record analyzed in a new ice core drilled at Dome B in East Antarctica that fully demonstrates the existence of an Antarctic cold reversal (ACR). These results suggest that the two-step shape of the last deglaciation has a worldwide character but they also point to noticeable interhemispheric differences. Thus, the coldest part of the ACR, which shows a temperature drop about three times weaker than that recorded during the YD in Greenland, may have preceded the YD. Antarctica did not experienced abrupt changes and the two warming periods started there before they started in Greenland. The links between Southern and Northern Hemisphere climates throughout this period are discussed in the light of additional information derived from the Antarctic dust record.     

Validation of parameterized convective fluxes with DIAMOD

Summary A diagnostic model (DIAMOD) for the atmosphere over Europe is use at the University of Vienna. Central parameters in each diagnostic column (horizontal resolution 100 km, time resolution 12 hours) are the vertical moisture plus heat flux (the total convective heat fluxh) and the vertical rain flux (r); both are functions of pressure. In this study DIAMOD is applied to validate the output of a forecast model for the simulation of acid deposition (EURAD) which is in use at the University of Cologne. The basic equations of both DIAMOD and EURAD models are summarized with emphasis on the sub-gridscale hydrologic components.First, the nontrivial problem of validating model output versus observations is discussed. Two different validation techniques based upon the budget equations are indentified. The fully prognostic technique compares the forecast of EURAD for the total verification period with the corresponding DIAMOD output. The semiprognostic validation technique involves only one-time-step tendencies. Neither yields an exact correspondence between EURAD and DIAMOD; however, the semiprognostic technique comes somewhat closer to the ideal of an objective validation. The quantities investigated are: The fields, the time tendencies and the fluxesh andr.Second, EURAD is validated versus DIAMOD with both techniques for the EUMAC Joint Wet Case (the Chernobyl episode) in April 1986; the output fields include selected profiles ofh(p) over France (a moist night situation) and over Greece (a dry day situation). The comparison demonstrates for both that the EURAD forecasts are acceptable for ther-fluxes but are relatively poor for theh-fluxes. Reasons for the differences are discussed.With 11 Figures     

New RAMS cloud microphysics parameterization part I: the single-moment scheme

A new cloud microphysical parameterization is described. Features of this new scheme include: the use of generalized gamma distributions as the basis function for all hydrometeor species; the use of a heat budget equation for hydrometeor classes, allowing heat storage and mixed phase hydrometeors; partitioning hydrometeors into seven classes (including separate graupel and hail categories); the use of stochastic collection rather than continuous accretion approximations and extension of the ice nucleation scheme to include homogeneous nucleation of ice from haze particles and cloud droplets.The versatility and credibility of the new scheme is explored, using sensitivity experiments for a simple two-dimensional convective cloud simulation.