Petroleum pollution in surface sediments of Daya Bay,South China,revealed by chemical fingerprinting of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons

Nine surface sediments collected from Daya Bay have been Soxhlet-extracted with 2:1 (v/v) dichloromethane-methanol. The non-aromatic hydrocarbon (NAH) fraction of solvent extractable organic matter (EOM) and some bulk geochemical parameters have been analyzed to determine petroleum pollution of the bay. The NAH content varies from 32 to 276 μg g⁻¹ (average 104 μg g⁻¹) dry sediment and accounts for 5.8–64.1% (average 41.6%) of the EOM. n-Alkanes with carbon number ranging from 15 to 35 are identified to be derived from both biogenic and petrogenic sources in varying proportions. The contribution of marine authigenic input to the sedimentary n-alkanes is lower than the allochthonous input based on the average n-C₃₁/n-C₁₉ alkane ratio. 25.6–46.5% of the n-alkanes, with a mean of 35.6%, are contributed by vascular plant wax. Results of unresolved complex mixture, isoprenoid hydrocarbons, hopanes and steranes also suggest possible petroleum contamination. There is strong evidence of a common petroleum contamination source in the bay.     

济南北部地热田地热地质特征浅析

济南北部地热田地热资源类型属于层状裂隙岩溶型,热源是北部齐河-广饶断裂的沟通导热,盖层是第四系、新近系、石炭-二叠系、侏罗系.可利用的、具有开发价值的热储层为奥陶系灰岩热储,该热储层顶板埋深在700～2500m左右,热储层厚度由南向北逐渐增大,单井涌水量2000m3/d左右,孔口水温一般在38～57℃,地热田东部地热水矿化度1.4～3.5g/L左右,西部5.1～7.2g/L左右,地热水中富含氟、锶、偏硅酸等微量元素,具腐蚀性,结垢性弱,具较好的开发利用价值.经计算奥陶系热储层单井可采资源量为7.3×105m3/a,合理井间距为5000m.     

对黄土地区钻孔和探井试样试验指标的分析评价

通过对济南地区次生黄土所采集的钻孔和探井土样进行浸水试验,并对其主要物理力学指标进行了分析评价,得出探井试样比钻孔试样所具有的试验指标更为真实可靠,因此次生黄土分布区采集探井试样进行湿陷性浸水试验是十分必要的。     

美术与感觉寻求的关系

阐述了感觉寻求研究中与绘画有关的研究,分析感觉寻求人格与绘画的复杂度、风格倾向、内容的积极性以及艺术的不确定性之间的关系,认为美术学习可能会影响到人格的发展趋势,影响其创造性人格特质的形成。     

Pb distribution and translocation in Jiaozhou Bay

The trends of distribution, translocation and seasonal change of heavy metal Pb were studied based on the surface and bottom water sampling in Jiaozhou Bay in 1979, and compared with those in 1990＇s. The results showed that the source of Pb in the bay was from wastewater and sewage in the east of Jiaozhou Bay from ocean vessels. Pb concentration was higher in spring and lower in summer and autumn, and remained stable through sedimentation in the bottom layer. The overall water quality was good in 1970＇s. Compared with the environmental monitoring data of 1995-1999, Pb pollution had become serious. Therefore, more efforts should be made to protect the bay from Pb pollution.     

Influencing factors for formation of urban and rural spatial structure in metropolis fringe area—Taking Shuangliu County of Chengdu in China as a case

With rapid urbanization process, the pace of urban sprawl has been quickened and most metropolises have experienced expansions in leaps and bounds in suburbanization, which has greatly changed the urban and rural spatial structure of the metropolis fringe area. In this paper, Shuangliu County is taken as a case, since it is a typical fringe area of Chengdu Metropolis. Based on Landsat TM images of Chengdu City and Shuangliu County obtained in 1985, 2000 and 2004, characteristics of urban and rural spatial structure in Shuangliu County were analyzed, such as core-periphery spatial structure and some obvious integration trends. Then the influencing factors for the formation of urban and rural spatial structure were identified, including some natural, social, economic and political factors. According to the discussion of this paper, Shuangliu County is undergoing a key transition and reform period. Its formation of urban and rural spatial structure was affected not only by such common factors as the location, natural background, industrial transition, migration, etc., but also by some unique factors such as city planning and policy guidance, which played an important role in accelerating its uneven spatial structure. The understanding of the role of the influencing factors would be useful for carrying out spatial management and development planning of metropolis fringe area.     

Distribution of general aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in sediment core taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea

The occurrence percentage and abundance of General Aerobic Hetero- trophic Bacteria （GAB） were determined by using the method of MPN for 182 sub- samples from 10 sediment cores taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea at two different culturing temperatures. The results showed that the general occurrence percentage of GAB was quite high, average abundanees of GAB at cultured temperatares of 4℃ and 25℃ were 4.46 ×10^7 and 5.47×10^7 cells·g^-1（wt）, respectively. The highest abundance of GAB occurred at 20 -22 cm section in the sediment. GAB abundances changed among the section of sediments, but there is a trend ： the a-bundances at the middle or lower sections were lower than those at upper section. Cultivation at 25℃ could improve the occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB, which suggests that the increasing of temperature may change the living circum-stances of GAB. The differences of GAB among the latitudes areas indicated that occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB in middle latitude areas were higher than those in the higher or lower latitude areas, and were more obvious at 4℃ than those at 25℃. The GAB abundances in sediment under the shallower water seemed to be low- er than those in sediments under the deeper water and this status was more obvious at 25℃ than that at 4℃.     

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《昆明市城市排水系统分布专题地图》的编制研究

本文就利用ARCMAP软件编制<昆明城市排水系统分布专题地图>的实践过程,尝试将地图编制与排水管线地理信息系统建设实现很好的结合,实现图-库一体化联接,并最终实现以地下管线探测数据的地图可视化过程,从而完成专业管线专题地图的编制,为城市排水规划、建设与决策提供直观依据.