三万年来南沙海区古环境重建:生物标志物定量与单体碳同位素研究

17962钻孔沉积物提供了南沙海区3万年来古气候、古环境变化的高分辨沉积记录。通过对314个柱状样沉积物进行有机分析，提取了相关的古环境信息，揭示出南沙海区末次冰期的古海洋环境及古气候是不稳定的，水生生物来源的生物标志物沉积通量在冰期出现了较大的波动，H3时出现了海洋生产力增大事件；陆源指标如高碳类脂物的沉积通量，既反映了陆源物对南沙海区海洋沉积的贡献，又揭示了造成末次冰期南沙海区陆源物质增高的古气候事件。高碳正烷烃、长链脂肪醇、长链脂肪酸的单体化合物碳同位素δ^13C值:—34．2‰-—28．6‰、—35．8‰-—26．6‰、—31．8‰-—27．1‰都显示其陆源C3植物输入的特征，末次冰期的普遍的干旱化在这一地区并不存在。这些化合物的堆积速率在H3都出现了极大值，反映出在南海海平面降低，巽它陆架出露背景下这一时期丰富的季风降雨导致河流洪水泛滥，从而引起南沙海区输入的陆源营养元素增多，海洋表层生产力增高。     

浅议矿业权市场

我国矿业权市场机制正在逐步形成,各种矿业公司不断涌现。矿业权流转形式多样、矿业中介市场初步建立,矿业技术服务市场活跃。江西矿产资源丰富而潜力大,为建设富有活力的矿业权市场提供了坚实的物质基础。强化矿业权市场管理,培育中介机构规范市场行为,加强地勘成果管理和资源信息沟通,深化地勘工作管理体制改革,矿业权转进一步市场化,以科技为动力开发优势矿产,培育委发展矿业权市场势在必行。     

Geological Characteristics and Genesis of Wulonggou Gold Deposit and Evaluation of Gold Metallogenic Potential in East Kunlun

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水体中痕量挥发性有机物单体碳同位素组成的固相微萃取-冷阱预富集GC-IRMS分析

单体碳同位素分析是进行污染物来源判识与过程示踪的有力工具 ,然而有机污染物浓度低、难以萃取富集 ,极大地限制了该技术的广泛应用 .采用固相微萃取 -冷阱富集GC -IRMS技术对水中痕量挥发性有机物进行了单体碳稳定同位素分析 ,样品经SPME萃取富集后在色谱进样口冷冻成形 ,样品多次进样得以累积从而满足了检测限的要求 .本方法检出限较目前文献所报道的SPME方法提高了 1个数量级 .在优化的条件下 ,对低浓度的三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、苯以及甲苯的水溶液进行了单体碳同位素组成测定 ,测定结果与纯液相中的同位素值相比 ,同位素分析误差不超过 0 .5× 10 -3 ,而分析的精度达到± 0 .3× 10 -3 .固相微萃取 -冷阱富集可以提供高效准确的单体碳同位素分析 ,该方法适用于水体中痕量挥发性有机污染物的同位素组成测定 .     

Sedimentary record of black carbon in the Pearl River estuary and adjacent northern South China Sea

The concentrations of black carbon (BC) and δ¹³C_BC were determined in sediments of three dated cores from the Pearl River estuary (core PR-3) and adjacent northern South China Sea (cores SS-30, E2). For comparison, the total organic C (TOC) contents and δ¹³C_TOC in the sediments were also measured. Relatively higher concentrations and fluxes of BC were found in sedimentary core PR-3, taken in the Pearl River estuary. The BC concentration profiles or fluxes correlated well with fossil-fuel usage in the Pearl River Delta. Maximum BC fluxes occurred in the late 1970s to early 1980s as recorded in core PR-3, and in the 1950s (core SS-30), reflecting the maximum BC emission in the Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong region, respectively. After the 1980s, a rapid decrease of BC fluxes and a light δ¹³C_BC excursion were presumably due to improvements in combustion and pollution-control technologies and a shift of energy structure from biomass and coal to a mixture of coal, gas, oil and biomass. The fossil BC that contributed to total BC in core PR-3 increased from 20–30% to 70–80% during the last five decades. The study also shows that BC correlates well with terrestrial organic matter and that the ratio of BC to TOC is a good pollution indicator in relation to anthropogenic activities.     

Compositional characteristics of wolframite in tin deposits,Dupangling, Guangxi

Statistical data on major, trace and rare-earth elements in wolframite from the quartz vein-and greisen-type tin deposits in the Dupangling orefield reveal: (1) The components in wolframite can be divided into two relatively independent groups: the WO₃-Nb-Ta-Sc-REE group, in which WO₃ is negatively correlated with the others and the FeO-MnO-Sn group, in which MnO is negatively correlated with the other two; (2) In general, REE fractionation is not significant, reflected mainly by the separation of Eu from other REE’s. LREE and HREE increase or decrease simultaneously, with HREE being more variable; (3) Nb, Ta, Sc, REE substitute for W, and Sn may enter into wolframite lattice accompanied by Fe-Mn substitution; (4) In contrast to wolframite in quartz veins, which is poor in REE, Nb, Ta and Sc and has highδ Eu values and LREE / HREE and Nb/Ta ratios, wolframite in greisen is rich in REE, Nb, Ta, Sc and has lowδ Eu values and LREE/HREE and Nb/Ta ratios; and (5) The contents and ratios of trace elements and REE partitioning parameters of wolframite can be used as guide for prospecting.     

青藏高原的现今构造变形与地球动力过程

作为地球陆地上最高、最大、最平坦的地貌单元,青藏高原晚第四纪—现今构造变形的运动学状态是研究其深部地球动力作用的重要基础。全球卫星导航系统能够观测几十年时间尺度的地壳运动定量资料,历史记载和仪器观测获得的历史地震资料提供着数百年时间尺度的构造运动和深部变形数据,而上万年时间尺度的活动断裂定量研究数据则揭示着长期、平均构造变形状态。综合这三类不同时间尺度的地表构造变形定量数据,就能够定性推测或定量模拟驱动地表构造变形的深部地球动力作用。本文综合利用上述三类资料,发现青藏高原晚第四纪—现今的运动状态受控于统一的应变场,地表与深部一致,现今与长期一致。最大剪切应变主要分布在高原周边的主要逆冲断裂带和内部的巨型活动走滑断裂带,产生众多的强震;收缩应变和地壳缩短主要发生在周边山系及其伴随的前陆盆地,形成逆冲断裂和逆冲型强震;面膨胀应变和地壳拉张发生在高海拔的青藏高原内部,形成近南北向正断层和北东/北西向共轭剪切断裂系,并控制着正断层型地震的发生;青藏高原的所谓“向东挤出”,不是刚性岩石圈地块在走滑断裂夹持下的向东滑移,而是高原内部岩石圈物质的向东流动和绕喜马拉雅东构造结的顺时针旋转。这种运动状态...     

Seasonal variability of eddy characteristics and energetics in the Kuroshio Extension

Ocean Dynamics - Based on the eddy-resolving Four-dimensional variational Ocean Re-Analysis for the Western North Pacific over 30 years (FORA-WNP30) product, this study investigates the...     

太浦河锑浓度异常预警指标研究

太浦河作为太湖流域的重要供水通道,长期以来重点都是关注水源地氨氮指标浓度,但2014年以来多次发生锑浓度异常事件,为太浦河水源地供水安全拉响了警报.根据近几年实践,在太浦河两岸地区企业锑污染物排放严格控制的情况下,锑浓度异常主要与地区降雨强度密切相关.研究结果表明,太浦河锑浓度异常预警指标设定为杭嘉湖区两日累计降雨量达...     

2020年1月24—25日贵州冰雹、雨雪共存天气机理分析

利用常规观测、NCEP再分析及FY-2G TBB等资料,对贵州2020年1月24—25日的冰雹、雨雪共存天气进行分析,结果表明:(1)此次复杂天气主要由南支槽前强上升运动把低空急流带来的充沛水汽强迫抬升至-10℃以上,前期能量集聚使得大气不稳定度迅速加大,滇黔静止锋触发贵州南部不稳定能量释放,共同造成了此次天气。(2)冰雹是由高架雷暴造成的,暖湿逆温层、强垂直风切变、强不稳定层结和合适的温度垂直分布是发生强对流的主要原因。(3)冷锋及深厚南支槽是降雪发生的主要环流形势,中层水汽辐合的强度及厚度不断增长、槽前动力抬升使得水汽伸展到-10℃以上,配合气温不断下降共同造成了暴雪天气。(4)贵州西部较充沛的外部水汽输送为降雨提供有利条件,高低空急流的有效叠加及典型的低层辐合、高层辐散加大降水强度。(5)强上升运动在降雪前8 h出现、涡度平流在降雪前24 h出现跃增,低层辐合的强度大于高层辐散;较之冰雹、暴雪区,大暴雪区饱和区伸展更高、上升运动更强、涡度平流更强,但水汽辐合稍弱;大暴雪区表现为稳定的低冷高暖,冰雹区、暴雪区则表现为由低到高的"冷—暖—冷"结构。(6)降雪区TBB纹理较均匀,大部在-20～-32℃,TBB低值区对应降雪强度较大,降雪最强时段TBB达-52℃。