788年湖北房县西北地震核查

本文对地震史料进行重新解读,核查了788年湖北房县西北地震事件。应用历史地震与现代地震分析方法,评估了震中及周围地区的地震烈度,结合所在区域当时的地理、政治、经济、农业等特点,修正了该地震的相关参数:主震时间为788年2月16日,震级为M_S 6?级,震中位置为竹山擂鼓台（32°23'N,109°52'E）。     

环境地球化学研究近十年若干新进展

环境地球化学学科在中国生态文明和美丽中国建设、国际环境公约履约及过去全球变化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用.本文简要回顾了中国过去十年在环境地球化学领域的部分研究进展,介绍了汞、持久性有机污染物和其他重金属污染物长距离传输研究进展;总结了汞、镉、锑、铊等非传统稳定同位素在地表生物地球化学循环过程中的同位素分馏规律及污染来源...     

Facies and architectural variability of sub-seismic slope-channel fills in prograding clinoforms,Mid-Jurassic Neuquén Basin,Argentina

Most slope-channel outcrop studies have been conducted at continental margin-scale on seismic data. However, in foreland and back-arc deepwater settings, sub-seismic scale slope channels hold equally important information on deepwater sediment delivery, often in hydrocarbon-bearing provinces. One such slope-channel system is examined in Lower Jurassic prograding shelf-margin clinoforms in Bey Malec Estancia, La Jardinera area, southern Neuquén Basin, Argentina. In a 4 km wide, 300 m tall, slightly oblique- to depositional-dip section of Jurassic Los Molles Formation deepwater slope deposits, seven clinoform timelines were identified by isolated slope-channel fills with thicknesses less than 50 m. Sedimentary logs, satellite images, a digital elevation model and drone photogrammetry were used to map variations in downslope channel geometry and infill facies. The slope channels are filled with sediment density flow deposits: poorly sorted conglomeratic debrites, structureless sandy high-density turbidites and well-sorted, fine-grained, graded low-density turbidites. The debrite portion decreases downslope, whereas high- and low-density turbidites increase. A grain-size analysis reveals a broad downslope fining trend of turbidite and debrite beds within slope channels with increasing water depth, and some notable bypass of conglomeratic facies to the lowermost slope channels and basin floor fans. The architecture of the slope channels changes from lateral to aggradational infill downstream. The Bey Malec clinoforms and its slope channels add new knowledge on downslope changes for sediment delivery in relatively shallow (<500 m water depth), prograding-dominant deepwater basins. They also highlight one of very few outcropping examples of oblique-type clinoforms.     

变权组合模型在工程变形预测中的研究

随着变形预测在工程中的广泛应用,很多单一预测模型预测精度较低,因此,很多学者对组合预测模型进行探讨研究。本文主要研究定权和变权两种确定权重系数建立组合预测模型的方法,以灰色GM(1,1)模型和时间序列模型两种单一模型为基础建立定权组合预测模型和变权组合预测模型进行拟合预测,并通过实例验证分析,得出变权组合预测模型拟合预测精度高于定权组合预测模型拟合预测精度,得到了较好的拟合预测结果,从而可以更好地应用到工程变形预测当中。     

On the error analyses of polarization measurements of the white-light coronagraph aboard ASO-S

The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S) mission aims to explore the two most spectacular eruptions on the Sun: solar flares and coronal mass ejections(CMEs), and their magnetism.For the study of CMEs, the payload Lyman-alpha Solar Telescope(LST) has been proposed. It includes a traditional white-light coronagraph and a Lyman-alpha coronagraph which opens a new window to CME observations. Polarization measurements taken by white-light coronagraphs are crucial for deriving fundamental physical parameters of CMEs. To make such measurements, there are two options for a Stokes polarimeter which have been applied by existing white-light coronagraphs for space missions. One uses a single or triple linear polarizer, the other involves both a half-wave plate and a linear polarizer. We find that the former option is subject to less uncertainty in the derived Stokes vector propagating from detector noise.The latter option involves two plates which are prone to internal reflections and may have a reduced transmission factor. Therefore, the former option is adopted as our Stokes polarimeter scheme for LST. Based on the parameters of the intended linear polarizer(s) colorPol provided by CODIXX and the half-wave plate 2-APW-L2-012 C by Altechna, it is further shown that the imperfect maximum transmittance of the polarizer significantly increases the variance amplification of Stokes vector by at least about 50% when compared with the ideal case. The relative errors of Stokes vector caused by the imperfection of colorPol polarizer and the uncertainty due to the polarizer assembly in the telescope are estimated to be about 5%. Among the considered parameters, we find that the dominant error comes from the uncertainty in the maximum transmittance of the polarizer.     

全球范围IGS监测站GPS观测数据质量分析

全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的持续完善及其在多领域内的大量应用,拓展了国际GNSS服务组织(IGS)连续监测站的服务领域,从而提升了对其观测数据的质量要求,因此有必要对大范围内IGS站点卫星观测数据质量进行分析.结合目前各GNSS的全球覆盖程度以及发展成熟度,本文以GPS为对象,对全球范围IGS站点该系统的原始观测数据质量进行评价,包括数据所受多径影响、数据观测完整程度以及数据中跳变比例三方面,得出了关于IGS站点GPS数据质量的分析结果,该结果可为地学研究及工程应用过程中站点的选取作参考.     

海上大型河流相稠油油田高含水期开发模式研究与实践

秦皇岛32-6油田是渤海湾亿吨级的大型整装河流相稠油油田,初期采用大井距、稀井网、一套层系多层合采的开发模式,导致油田在进入中高含水期后,逐步暴露出层间、层内和平面的三大矛盾,油井产量快速递减,亟需进行开发调整。鉴于海上油田开发的特殊性,陆上已有的开发调整模式无法直接应用到海上油田。针对该油田地质特征和开发特点,提出了适合海上河流相稠油油田中高含水期后水平井细分层系开发模式,实现了海上河流相油田的高效开发,研究形成了多层合采层间干扰系数定量表征技术,层系重组、井网重构和水平井挖潜有机结合的立体挖潜技术,实现了海上河流相油田高效开发新模式,油田采油速度提高了2.6倍,采收率提高了12.8%,高含水期开发效果得到了明显改善,为类似油田开发调整提供了经验。     

红海湾养殖区底质水中氮、磷的分布特征

着重研究了红海湾养殖区底质水中 NO-3 -N、NO-2 -N、NH 4-N、PO3 -4 -P、有机质及 c( NO-3 -N) /c P 和 ∑c N/c P( ∑c N=c( NO-2 ) c( NO-3 ) c( NH 4) )比值的分布特征 ,并对该湾低质水中氮、磷及有机质的季节变化及其它们之间的相互关系作了讨论 ,结果表明 :在春、夏、冬三个季节中 ,NH 4-N的浓度比NO-2 -N及 NO-3 -N高 ,春季 NH 4-N的平均浓度为 92 .60 μm ol/L,占总无机氮 80 .57% ;夏季浓度为4 7.0 4μmol/L ,占总无机氮 61 .64 % ;冬季 NH 4-N的浓度最低 ,为 9.60μmol/L ,占总无机氮 4 5.76% ;而夏季 PO3 -4 -P浓度及有机质的含量比春、冬季高 ,分别为 53 .68μm ol/L和 1 .3 62 %。分析指出该湾底质水中无机氮是以 NH 4-N为主要存在形态。     

湖底深基坑围护结构变形与受力特性研究

基坑围护结构是基坑安全的重要保证。通过三维有限单元模拟,考虑地下水渗流的影响及结构与土体之间的相互作用,对某湖底明挖隧道基坑支护结构在施工过程中的变形和受力变化规律进行研究,并与现场监测结果进行对比验证。结果表明:围护结构的不同部位对基坑开挖的响应规律并不一致;水平向支护结构受开挖影响,向坑内倾倒,竖直向桩体随开挖应力重分布影响中段发生弯曲变形,总体稳定。模拟变形结果与监测结果较为一致,验证了基坑围护结构的有效性和模拟计算的准确性。研究结果为基坑后续施工提供了参考依据。