中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的临床及病原学的回顾性调查分析

目的 了解重症监护室（ICU）中心静脉导管相关性血流感染（CRBSI）的感染率、危险因素、病原菌种类、耐药性及临床结局,对有效抗感染治疗及预防CRBSI的发生提供指导。方法 回顾性分析2010年4月~2014年4月共483例留置过中心静脉导管（CVC）的患者。计算感染率、感染相关性因素及筛选危险因素分析并应用SPSS20.0统计软件进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 共有17例患者发生CRBSI,感染率为3.5%;不同置管者、置管地点、置管部位构成的比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。经多因素Logistic回归分析,发现影响CRBSI的独立危险因素是抗生素大量使用和导管日,OR值分别为7.898和1.044。革兰阳性菌（gram-positive bacteria,G⁺）占35.3%,革兰阴性菌（gram-negative bacteria,G^-）占47.1%,真菌占17.6%;G⁺菌感染患者,经治疗后病情100% 好转;G^-菌感染患者,87.5% 好转,12.5% 恶化;真菌感染患者,66.7% 好转,33.3% 恶化。结论 CRBSI的发生率随抗生素大量使用以及导管日延长而增加。患者经治疗后,大部分好转,但真菌感染者病死率相对较高,应引起临床关注。     

北祁连山东段活动断裂带的分段性研究

根据北祁连山东段活动断裂带１：５万地质填图资料,系统分析了断裂带的几何学特征,位移分布,滑动速率,古地震及历史地震活动在时空上的非均匀性特征,研究了断裂带的破裂分段性。     

Combined study between the chromospheric flare models and hard X-ray observation

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of H and Caii K lines for the 2B flare on February 3, 1983, we found that there was a temporal correlation between H intensity and hard X-ray flux at the early stage of the impulsive phase while different peaks in the hard X-ray flux curve represented bursts at different locations. When we combined SMM HXRBS observation with chromospheric flare models, we further found that the temporal coincidence between H intensity and hard X-ray flux could be explained quantitatively by the fact that the H flare was indeed due to the heating by non-thermal electron beams responsible for the emission of hard X-rays. Together with the discussion on coronal density based on chromospheric flare models, it was also shown that the source of electrons seemed to be situated around the top of the flare loop and the column density at the top of the chromosphere in semi-empirical flare models could not be taken as the total material above the top of the chromosphere.     

珠江口台风增水对热带气旋参数改变的反响

通过计算，研究热带风暴中心气压下降示度、最大风速半径、热带气旋登陆地点、热带气旋登陆时的入射角、热带气旋移动速度等参数改变条件下，珠江口５个测站风暴潮的变化。结果表明，各站的反响很不一致，在风暴潮预报中对地形的特点、热带气旋移动速度及热带气旋登陆地点等应给予足够的重视。     

冲绳海槽浮岩岩浆活动模式浅析

本文根据部冲绳海槽的地下结构、地温场特征、以及浮岩中斑晶矿物的结晶温度和榴辉岩的熔融相关系等，综合分析了冲绳海槽酸性浮岩岩浆的活动模式。提出：在冲绳海槽中部和东部地下１５ｋｍ以下的地幔物质部分熔融、产生橄榄拉斑玄武质岩浆，而在海槽中部地壳一结构层中（７－１５ｋｍ）熔融产生少量安山质岩浆。因此，在冲绳海槽地下存在有双层岩浆房结构，并且二者之间中部有岩浆通道。来自地幔的拉斑玄武质岩资源下部地壳中一方面     

陡峭S形柔性管初始形状计算

本文采用悬链线方程的解，推导出陡峭Ｓ形柔形管初始形状的计算公式，计算出柔性管的初始形状、张力和弯矩，与国外资料的实例计算进行对比表明，结果相当一致。     

Heat oscillation in the upper ocean of the southern South China Sea

Data used in this study are temperature/depth profiles taken over the upper 400 m of the ocean in the southern South China Sea (4°-14° N, 106°-120° E) for the period 1961-1973. The data are analyzed on the grid 2 (latitude) by 2 (longitude) in space and bimonthly in time. The vertically averaged temperature (TAV) over the upper 100 m of the ocean is calculated as the estimate of the heat content in the upper ocean.The TAV is cooler in the northwest region of the study area and warmer in the southeast in the annual and seasonal mean figures. The first EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) of anomalous TAV accounts for 41 % of the total variance for the period 1961-1973. The time function associated with it displays a significant interannual changes in the heat content, with 2-4 a oscillation period and associated with the ENSO events. During ENSO event TAV increases with the tendency of increasing towards equator along the basin. This anomalous states also exist in the water layers below 100 m depth. T     

空气磨蚀技术在单颗粒锆石U－Pb稀释法测年中的应用

应用空气磨蚀技术将发生铅丢失的锆石表层磨掉，可以提高锆石测年数据点在Ｕ－Ｐｂ谐和图中的谐的程度，进而可以提高不一致线与谐和线上交点年龄的精度和准确度。本文将这一技术应用于浙西南早元古代岗质岩石的测年中，取得了很好的效果。     

南极1∶20万大剖面卫星影像数字制图

本文论述了在缺少地面控制点的情况下，进行南极卫星影像数字制图的方法和技术。利用ＴＭ和ＭＳＳ卫星影像数据，制作了从中山站至南极点大剖面考察区内的１∶２０万卫星影像图。南极景观以冰雪地貌为主，冰雪在卫星影像上亮度极大，反差极小，导致条带噪声干扰严重。另一方面，裸岩地、海水与冰雪之间的反差又过大，细貌被压抑，这些又给影像处理造成很大困难，针对这些特点，本文叙述了从影像中提取噪声谱后利用方向滤波法消去条带噪声。基于自动识别理论进行分类增强，采用相关匹配和加权平滑法进行不同时期卫星影像镶嵌等几项特殊处理技术。     

光电测距边的投影计算

本文对光电测距边计算水平距离的几个公式进行了分析,并就计算结果所在的高程面进行了讨论,给出了归化到椭球体面上的统一公式.