热液脉型萤石矿床隐伏矿体定位预测综合技术方法

萤石是国家战略性新兴产业发展中不可或缺的关键支撑原材料,被国际社会普遍列为“关键矿产”,随着萤石露头矿的发现殆尽,急需开展隐伏矿体的深部定位预测研究。文章简要论述了断裂构造控制的热液脉型萤石矿床地质特征、分带模式和成矿规律,评述了萤石找矿中常用的勘查技术方法。结合找矿标志和控矿要素分析,总结了隐伏-半隐伏萤石矿体定位预测的找矿模型,提出了“分带型”和“掩埋型”两种类型隐伏萤石矿体及相应的找矿技术方法组合。笔者建立了隐伏萤石矿体定位预测的地质-物探-化探-遥感综合找矿模型及其四步勘查技术流程,这对指导隐伏萤石矿床（体）的找矿勘查具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

长江漫滩区深大异形基坑施工对紧邻特大型桥梁影响及变形控制研究

随着地下空间资源的开发利用,越来越多深基坑呈现出开挖深、规模大、形状不规则等特点,其支护结构设计复杂,施工难度大,具有明显的空间效应。本文以南京地铁某基坑工程为例,分析基坑施工对邻近桥梁的影响。其场区位于长江下游漫滩相二元结构地层分布地段,上部软土层厚度大,下部承压含水层地下水位高、水量丰富,地质条件复杂,该基坑为典型的深大异形基坑,距离某大桥的双曲拱引桥仅为7. 2 m,由于之前桥梁已遭受其他地下工程施工产生的较大变形,所以后续工程对其影响变形控制要求极高。为此,该车站基坑支护结构设计基于地下空间实际功能采用设置分隔墙分区开挖及MJS超深工法墙综合变形控制方案。本文通过有限元数值模拟计算,开展复杂环境下基坑开挖引起的围护结构及桥梁桩基的变形预测分析,计算结果显示,该深大狭长异形基坑开挖对邻近桥梁沉降变形影响显著,通过设置分隔墙分区开挖及MJS工法墙进行变形控制,能够较好地控制基坑的空间效应,减少“长边效应”、“异形效应”等对桥梁沉降变形的影响。通过现场基坑开挖过程实际监测结果,验证这一综合变形控制方案的可行性。该研究成果对于类似复杂地质条件下深大狭长异形基坑的支护及施工设计具有很好的借鉴意义。     

湖南头石露天矿测水组煤中锂的富集与成矿前景

本文以湖南涟邵煤田头石露天矿下石炭统测水组煤为研究对象,采用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、X射线荧光（XRF）、电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP- MS）和高分辨率透射电镜（HR- TEM）等方法系统分析了煤的矿物学及元素地球化学特征。湖南头石露天矿测水组煤为中高灰,低挥发分烟煤,煤中主要矿物为高岭石、铵云母和方解石,其次为石英、锐钛矿、铁白云石、微斜长石、菱铁矿和伊利石,含有少量黄铁矿。与世界煤相比,头石露天矿测水组煤中高度富集Li（富集系数为15. 6）,越接近顶底板和夹矸,Li的含量越高。透射电镜分析及Li与灰分、Al2O3和K2O的明显正相关性表明,煤层中Li主要赋存在铝硅酸盐矿物,如高岭石、含锂绿泥石中。煤中Li的高度富集主要来源于蚀源区长英质母岩及盆地周缘花岗岩体,在泥炭聚集期间进入泥炭沼泽,或在间歇性海水- 岩浆热液等流体的共同作用下由围岩淋滤并运移至煤中富集。头石露天矿大部分煤层中Li含量达到回收标准,尤其是煤层底板和附近煤层中Li的成矿潜力值得关注。     

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

We evaluated the effect of ration level(RL) on the growth and energy budget of lenok Brachymystax lenok. Juvenile lenok(initial mean body weight 3.06±0.13 g) were fed for 21 d at five different ration levels: starvation,2%,3%,4% bwd(body weight per day,based on initial mean values),and apparent satiation. Feed consumption,apparent digestibility,and growth were directly measured. Specific growth rates in terms of wet weight,dry weight,protein,and energy increased logarithmically with an increase in ration levels. The relationship between specific growth rate in terms of wet weight(SGRw,%/d) and RL(%) was characterized by a decelerating curve: SGRw=-1.417+3.166ln(RL+1). The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy exhibited a decreasing pattern with increasing ration level,and there was a significant difference among different RLs. Body composition was significantly affected by ration size. The relationship between feed efficiency rate in terms of energy(FERe) and RL was: FERe=-14.167+23.793RL–3.367(RL)2,and the maximum FERe was observed at a 3.53% ration. The maintenance requirement for energy of juvenile lenok was 105.39 k J BW(kg)-0.80/d,the utilization efficiency of DE for growth was 0.496. The energy budget equation at satiation was: 100IE=29.03FE+5.78(ZE+UE)+39.56 HE+25.63 RE,where IE is feed energy,FE is fecal energy,ZE+UE is excretory energy,HE is heat production,and RE is recovered energy. Our results suggest that the most suitable feeding rate for juvenile lenok aquaculture for wet weight growth is 2.89% bwd,whereas for energy growth,the suggested rate is 3.53% bwd at this growth stage.     

精密单点定位估计GPS卫星的P1-C1码偏差及稳定性分析

给出了利用精密单点定位（PPP）技术估计GPS卫星P1-C1码偏差的数学模型,并以BRUS、GODE、SHAO和NIST四个跟踪站2010年10月份一个月的观测数据为例,采用PPP方法计算了所有GPS卫星的P1-C1码偏差,并与欧洲定轨中心提供的P1-C1码偏差进行了比较,结果表明：四个站估计的P1-C1码偏差精度均可达到几个厘米。一个月的计算结果表明：卫星的P1-C1码偏差在一个月内变化平缓。     

酸碱滴定法测定天然石膏中的碳酸盐(无水碳酸)

建立了用溴百里酚蓝—酚红作指示剂,酸碱滴定法测定天然石膏中碳酸盐的方法。在确定了试验条件的基础上,对石膏国家一级标准物质GBW03109a和GBE03110分析,相对标准偏差分别为0.08%、1.05%;分析3个天然石膏样品,相对标准偏差分别为1.47%、1.67%和0.25%;对试样进行加标回收,回收率在95.53%～97.02%之间;方法检出限为0.15%。表明用该方法测试,结果准确可靠。     

柴达木盆地那棱格勒河及其尾闾盐湖锂成矿物源：来自水化学和锶、硫同位素证据

柴达木盆地那棱格勒河尾闾盐湖(一里坪干盐滩、东台吉乃尔盐湖、西台吉乃尔盐湖和察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段)赋存了我国目前最大的卤水锂矿床。那棱格勒河及其尾闾盐湖锂的物源仍存在一定争议,主要有围岩风化、古湖残留、含盐系地层淋滤、油田水、深部水等,目前缺乏有力的地球化学证据。本文系统采集了那棱格勒河流域及其尾闾盐湖不同水体样品16件,分析了其主、微量元素含量及锶、硫同位素组成。结合前人的研究成果,对区域水体中锂的来源进行了探讨,得出结论如下:那棱格勒河水锂含量(0.45～0.79 mg/L)比楚拉克阿拉干河支流(0.00～0.05 mg/L)高出一个数量级,其高锂含量主要受洪水河支流的补给;洪水河高锂含量与其上游热泉水的补给有关,该热泉水锂、锶含量高、⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值偏高,δ³⁴S值偏低,与青藏高原典型热泉水地球化学特征(锂含量0.4～34.8 mg/L,锶含量0.07～4.24 mg/L,⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值0.71224～0.71259,δ³⁴S值-10....     

Antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from shrimp hatcheries and cultural ponds on Donghai Island, China

The resistance of bacteria to 12 different antibiotics was investigated in shrimp farms on Donghai Island, China. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were found to be widespread in shrimp farms, indicating a high environmental risk. Further, significant differences were found in bacterial strains among farms (ANOVA, p < 0.05), showing resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin, trimethoprim, compound sinomi, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and cefazolin. No significant differences in antibiotic resistance were found among 6 hatcheries evaluated in this study (ANOVA, p > 0.05), between exalted and traditional shrimp ponds (ANOVA, p > 0.05), and between cultural ponds and corresponding control water source sites (T-test, p > 0.05). In cultural ponds, no significant difference in bacterial resistance to antibiotics was found between water and sediment (T-test, p > 0.05), and antibiotic resistance of bacteria from water showed a significant positive correlation with that from sediment (p < 0.05). Therefore, our study indicates that bacterial multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) is more widespread in shrimp hatcheries than ponds.     

基于增量动力分析和纤维模型的矮塔斜拉桥结构抗震性能研究

基于OpenSees软件及其纤维模型的有限元方法,建立了典型矮塔斜拉桥的非线性数值分析模型,分析各构件的抗震性能指标。采用动力增量分析法（即IDA方法）,对结构进行了非线性动力时程分析,分别探讨了在纵桥向和横桥向地震作用下矮塔斜拉桥结构的构件破坏规律。分析了在不同加速度峰值情况下,矮塔斜拉桥主塔和边墩沿高度变化的应变包络图、主梁内力包络图及支座位移包络图。结果表明：与一般斜拉桥性能要求不同,矮塔斜拉桥的主塔可以发生损伤,塔底和边墩墩底为主要控制截面,支座在纵桥向地震组合作用下较易发生破坏,拉索和主梁是不易损伤的构件,主梁内力包络图的分布情况随着地震峰值的增加发生变化。     

基于生态事件序列的时态关联规则挖掘

本文分析了时态关联规则挖掘的相关定义,介绍了强时态关联规则挖掘的步骤,设计并实现了基于时间约束的T-Apriori算法。提出了生态事件和生态时间序列的概念,以我国南海大亚湾海域的赤潮现象为例,研究了基于生态事件序列的时态关联规则挖掘问题。