空区与条带关系的探讨

本文分析了三种不同思路圈定的前兆空区与地震活动条带的关系。初步讨论了它们的物理或构造物理含义。     

借助 R-t 图、R-t 图、结合震中分布图在四川地区圈定空区的研究报告

根据国家地震局(87)震科字第105号文《关于下发“地震学预报方法规范研究工作纲要”的通知》,我们承担“地震空区方法的研究”课题。按照1987年2月在北京召开的地震预报地震学方法攻关研讨会和攻关领导小组协商分工,我们侧重研究借助 R-t 图、D-t 图,结合震中分布图圈定空区的方法。笔者曾将为客观圈定空区的种种努力归纳为四种方法:(1)在一定时段的震中分     

地震预警的特殊性与弱点及对策讨论

分析了地震预警的特殊性、两个不可完全克服的弱点以及目前在地震瞬间选择适用地震动衰减关系的难点,并从台网建设与预警发布、预警强度阈值、避险方法和科普宣传等方面探讨了对策。     

强震后需要与可能提供的信息

本文分析了强震刚发生,政府与公众急需知道什么信息,随着时间推移需要不断补充哪些信息,地震系统依靠台网测定、现场考察、系统内收集和汇总、预测研究等能够与时俱进提供哪些信息,并讨论了基层(市县局、台站)与省信息中心震后的互动问题.     

The impact of legislation on the usage and environmental concentrations of Irgarol 1051 in UK coastal waters

In 2001, legislative measures were introduced in the UK to restrict usage of antifouling agents in small (<25 m) vessel paints to dichlofluanid, zinc pyrithione and zineb. This removed the previously popular booster biocides diuron and Irgarol 1051 from the market. To investigate the impact of this legislation, water samples were taken from locations where previous biocide levels were well documented. Results from analyses demonstrate a clear reduction in water concentrations of Irgarol 1051 (between 10% and 55% of that found during pre-restriction studies), indicating that legislation appears to have been effective. Although other booster biocides were screened for (chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid and Sea-Nine 211), they were below the limits of detection (<1 ng/l) in all samples. A survey of chandlers and discussions with legislative authorities supports these results and concurs the removal of Irgarol 1051 based paints from the market using simple regulations at a manufacturer level with little regulation at a retailer level.     

中强以上地震发生后半年内地震趋势的模糊聚类分析

利用１次中强以上地震（Ｍ０≥４．７）发生后前６天地震序列的资料，对未来半年内是否可能发生相当（Ｍ＝Ｍ０±０．３）或更大的地震进行模糊聚类分析．根据３６个初选问题的Ｗａｌｌｅｎ评分，精选出１３项能突出表现地震序列的特征参数作为指标．应用模糊聚类的ＦＣＭ算法对地震序列进行分类，Ⅰ类为Ｍ０级中强震后６个月内还有震级为Ｍ≥Ｍ０－０．３级的地震发生；Ⅱ类为Ｍ０级中强震后６个月内无相当或更大的地震。以中国大陆地区１９６６年以来的４８次Ｍ０≥４．７级中强震序列资料建立震后判别模型，然后对近期发生的８次强震序列进行了外推检验。     

Attenuation of coda waves and Q_c value beneath the Chengdu telemetered seismic network

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Weathering of an Arctic oil spill over 20 years: the BIOS experiment revisited. Baffin Island Oil Spill

A small experimental oil spill was conducted on the northern tip of Baffin Island Nunavut, Canada (72 degrees 31' N, 79 degrees 50' W) in August 1981, and the natural weathering of the oil has been followed by periodic visits. This paper reports on the chemical composition of oil collected in August 2001. The vast majority of the initial oil has gone, but small patches remain. Some samples remain essentially unaltered despite their 20 years of exposure to the elements, while others show that biodegradation and photooxidation can play important roles in removing the majority of the components of the oil. Using 17alpha(H)21beta(H)hopane as a conserved marker within the oil, we show that the most biodegraded sample has lost more than 87% of the hydrocarbons initially present, while another has lost a substantial proportion of its initial chrysene and alkylated congeners. Potential explanations for the different weathering patterns seen in samples collected from this small site are briefly discussed.     

亚洲夏季风期陆面影响：外部条件与内部反馈

本文通过对大气环流模式的平均气候模拟以及ＧＣＭ敏感性试验，比较外部条件和内部反馈的相对贡献，研究了海陆温差和亚洲夏季风强度的基本概念。