法国ECORS的主要科学成果及展望

前言法国研究大陆和海洋地壳的地震反射和折射计划(ECORS)始于1982年。参加这项计划的有法国科学基金会(CNRS-INSU)、法国石油研究院(IFP)和 EIf-Aquitaine 石油公司。法国海洋开发研究所(IFREMER)参加了所有的海洋勘测。ECORS 于1983年实施以来到1988年共完成测线3200公里,其中陆地上测线为700公里(其中200公里是与意大利、西班牙联合完成的),海中测线为2500公里(与英国和西班牙合作)。法国 ECORS 计划受美国大陆反射剖面计划(COCORP)的影响较大,如     

Effects of two sediment types on the fluorescence yield of two Hawaiian scleractinian corals

This study used non-invasive pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry to measure the maximum fluorescence yield (F(v)/F(m)) of two Hawaiian scleractinian coral species exposed to short-term sedimentation stress. Beach sand or harbor mud was applied to coral fragments in a flow-through aquarium system for 0-45 h, and changes in F(v)/F(m) were measured as a function of sediment type and length of exposure. Corals were monitored for up to 90 h to document recovery after sediment removal. Sediment deposition significantly decreased F(v)/F(m) in both species and was a function of sediment type and time. Corals that received sediment for 30 h or more had the greatest reduction in yield and exhibited little recovery over the course of the experiment. Harbor mud caused a greater reduction in Porites lobata yield than beach sand, whereas both sediment types had equally deleterious effects on Montipora capitata. Colony morphology and sediment type were important factors in determining yield reduction--P. lobata minimized damage from coarse sand grains by passive sediment rejection or accumulation in depressions in the skeleton, and fluorescence yield decreased most in corals exposed to sticky harbor mud or in colonies with flattened morphologies. Species-specific differences could not be tested due to differences in colony morphology and surface area.     

勘探地球物理学文献数据库

各种类型的专业数据库是建立信息高速公路、用计算机通讯网络实现资料共享的基础。该文介绍了勘探地球物理学文献数据库内容、结构及软件系统的特点。     

简评VAN地震预报方法

评估一种地震预报方法预报准确与否的标准，不应仅仅依赖于应用抽象而严格的统计定律的方法，而忽视的地震现象的具体特点。断层破裂过程与掷股子不能相拼并论的。本文的结论是如何我们采用Ｍｕｌａｒｇｉａ，Ｇａｓｐｅｒｉｎｉ（１９９２）在评估ＶＡＮ方法时所提出的方法，那么，即使是一种理想的地震方法，也会在前兆和震间表现出某种“不确定”的联系，每次ＶＡＮ预报需单独评估，同时必须考虑所有具体情况和信息，震中位置预报