红外焦平面探测器信息获取与预处理电路设计

针对中国科学院上海技术物理研究所研制的1500元红外线列焦平面探测器的输出特性,提出了以低噪声运放为核心的信息获取电路和以FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)为核心的数据预处理的设计方案,实现了驱动电路和探测器的良好匹配,较好地发挥了探测器高灵敏度的特性.测试结果表明,该方案不仅对系统获得优于50 mK噪声等效温差的高灵敏度成像起到了重要作用,足够宽的量化设计还保证了系统的动态范围和图像的丰富层次.该设计方案已成功应用在一些其他类型的红外焦平面探测器中.     

Self-similar solution of hot accretion flows with ordered magnetic field and outflow

Observations and numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations indicate the existence of outflows and ordered large-scale magnetic fields in the inner region of hot accretion flows. In this paper, we present the self-similar solutions for advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) with outflows and ordered magnetic fields. Stimulated by numerical simulations, we assume that the magnetic field has a strong toroidal component and a vertical component in addition to a stochastic component. We obtain the self-similar solutions to the equations describing the magnetized ADAFs, taking into account the dynamical effects of the outflow. We compare the results with the canonical ADAFs and find that the dynamical properties of ADAFs such as radial velocity, angular velocity and temperature can be significantly changed in the presence of ordered magnetic fields and outflows. The stronger the magnetic field is, the lower the temperature of the accretion flow will be and the faster the flow rotates. The relevance to observations is briefly discussed.     

A steady-state solution for warped accretion discs

We consider a thin accretion disc warped due to the Bardeen–Petterson effect, presenting both analytical and numerical solutions for the situation in which the two viscosity coefficients vary with radius as a power law, with the two power-law indices not necessarily equal. The analytical solutions are compared with numerical ones, showing that our new analytical solution is more accurate than the previous one, which overestimated the inclination change in the outer disc. Our new analytical solution is appropriate for moderately warped discs, while for extremely misaligned discs only a numerical solution is appropriate.     

Variability of Extended Bipolar Regions

Using NSO/Kitt Peak synoptic charts from 1975 to 2003, we group the main solar magnetic fields into two categories: one for active regions (ARs) and the other for extended bipolar regions (EBRs). Comparing them, we find that there exist three typical characteristics in the variability of EBRs: First, there exists a correlation between ARs and EBRs. The phase of EBR flux has a delay nearly two CRs. Second, we find that the EBR flux has two prominent periods at 1.79 years and 3.21 years. The 1.79-year period seems to only belong to large-scale magnetic features. Lastly, the North – South asymmetry of EBR flux is not very significant on a time scale of one solar cycle. However, during solar maxima, its dominance is found to shift from one hemisphere to the other.     

水脉泽寄主星系的倾角分析

迄今已经在104个河外星系中检测到水脉泽辐射.同其它没有检测到水脉泽的星系相比,水脉泽星系可能隐含着某种或某些特殊性质.收集了到当前为止(截止2008.09)发表的所有水脉泽星系以及相关的观测资料.计算得到了这些源的星系盘的倾角,并分析讨论了这些水脉泽源星系盘和脉泽盘的倾角可能存在的相关.统计发现只有大约10%的盘脉泽源的星系盘侧面对着我们的视线.然而VLBI对6个盘脉泽源高空间分辨率的成图观测显示那些旋转脉泽盘都是近似侧向的,脉泽盘的倾角都大于80°.对大多数水盘脉泽星系而言,他们的星系盘和脉泽盘方向不一致,这可能间接支持盘脉泽仅仅同星系核相关.为了探讨遮蔽物质的由来和水脉泽辐射的放大机制,对整个水脉泽样本的脉泽光度,X射线吸收气体柱密度和寄主星系倾角的可能相关进行了分析.结果显示高密度的遮蔽物质主要来自于星系核区,而水脉泽辐射的放大更可能发生在围绕核的尘埃盘(～100Pc)或更小尺度的核盘上.     

An Adaptive Nonhydrostatic Atmospheric Dynamical Core Using a Multi-Moment Constrained Finite Volume Method

An adaptive 2 D nonhydrostatic dynamical core is proposed by using the multi-moment constrained finite-volume(MCV) scheme and the Berger-Oliger adaptive mesh refinement(AMR) algorithm. The MCV scheme takes several pointwise values within each computational cell as the predicted variables to build high-order schemes based on single-cell reconstruction. Two types of moments, such as the volume-integrated average(VIA) and point value(PV), are defined as constraint conditions to derive the updating formulations of the unknowns, and the constraint condition on VIA guarantees the rigorous conservation of the proposed model. In this study, the MCV scheme is implemented on a height-based, terrainfollowing grid with variable resolution to solve the nonhydrostatic governing equations of atmospheric dynamics. The AMR grid of Berger-Oliger consists of several groups of blocks with different resolutions, where the MCV model developed on a fixed structured mesh can be used directly. Numerical formulations are designed to implement the coarsefine interpolation and the flux correction for properly exchanging the solution information among different blocks. Widely used benchmark tests are carried out to evaluate the proposed model. The numerical experiments on uniform and AMR grids indicate that the adaptive model has promising potential for improving computational efficiency without losing accuracy.     

基于遥感数字图像的电子教学地图的制作

随着现代化教学手段在地理教学中的应用,传统的教学挂图可利用计算机作为辅助工具,制作成电子教学地图。本文论述了利用遥感数字图像制作电子教学地图的指导思想、必要性和可行性,并探讨了遥感数字影像教学地图的制作方法。