宁夏灵武、吴忠地区4次地震序列的时间分维特征

本文采用标度变换法分析了宁夏灵武、吴忠地区1971年以来发生的、有较完整的仪器记录的4次中强地震序列的时间分维D_0,发现前震序列或双震序列的第2次主震前的地震时间分维低于余震序列,序列的P值及b值亦具同步变化。初步认为,研究地震序列的时间分维结构可能有助于对其短期趋势的估计。本文还对有关问题进行了讨论。     

马尾藻的营养组成及其袋泡茶饮料的试制

对马尾藻进行营养成分的分析，结果表明马尾藻蛋白质的氨基酸组成均衡，氨基酸价为82，且富含无机质等。无机质中除了钙、钾和钠含量高外，碘含量达820mg/kg，是研制含碘食品和饮料的理想原料。马尾藻经加工制得的袋泡茶符合国家卫生标准，袋泡茶（2g/袋）经沸水冲泡后的碘浸出量为0.51mg/袋，可防治甲状腺机能减退病，即碘缺乏病。     

软包装即食食品——鲻鱼皮加工工艺

研究了鲻鱼皮的加工工艺 ,筛选出鲻鱼皮加工成软包装即食食品的最佳工艺条件。结果表明 :鲻鱼皮的爽脆性主要与鲻鱼皮的烫煮和冰水浸泡工艺条件有关 ,最佳条件是先用 0 8g/L的保水剂浸泡3h,然后用低浓度的有效氯杀菌 ,再在 90℃中烫煮 60s,最后迅速放进无菌冰水中浸泡。研制出的产品为螺纹状 ,具有鱼皮特有的银灰色 ,爽脆且富有韧性 ,在 0～ 5℃下可保质 45d。     

断层模型在火山区形变和重力反演中的应用

利用腾冲火山区1998～2002年的垂直形变和重力测量资料，应用多元Mogi模型对测区的等效岩浆房位置及大小进行了反演计算，得出了最佳拟合值。但当对形变和重力资料联合分析时却发现：实测重力数据比用球形Mogi模型计算所得的值要大得多。为了对此进行合理的解释，提出了断层模型。当岩浆沿断层上升时，充填了断层中原先存在的大量空隙．因而可以只对重力产生影响．而不对形变产生影响。为此沿断层积分得出上升岩浆所产生的重力异常，其结果与实测重力资料拟合得较好。同时断层模型也对负的岩浆源(即岩浆的流失)作出了较为合理的解释。     

AN APPROACH TO THEORY AND METHODS OF URBAN GEOMORPHOLOGY

ＡＮＡＰＰＲＯＡＣＨＴＯＴＨＥＯＲＹＡＮＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＯＦＵＲＢＡＮＧＥＯＭＯＲＰＨＯＬＯＧＹ刁承泰ＡＮＡＰＰＲＯＡＣＨＴＯＴＨＥＯＲＹＡＮＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＯＦＵＲＢＡＮＧＥＯＭＯＲＰＨＯＬＯＧＹ￥ＤｉａｏＣｈｅｎｇｔａｉ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆ...     

一次对流系统引起奥帆赛场风速突然减小的多普勒雷达特征

根据青岛黄岛新一代天气雷达和浮标站等观测资料,对2006年8月青岛国际帆船赛期间一次赛场风速突然减小的多普勒雷达特征进行了分析,以探讨雷达产品对地面风变化的指示意义.结果发现,对流系统周围的环境风场存在较强的风垂直切变,在对流系统移动和发展过程中,风切变层的高度发生了变化.当赛场附近近地面风切变层高度降低、切变层风速减小时,赛场附近风速也减小;切变层升高后,赛场附近的风速又重新增大,表明近地面风切变层的高度和切变层风速的大小对地面风速有影响.新一代天气雷达VAD风廓线产品可以较好地反映出雷达站附近风切变层以及风速的垂直变化,对地面风速的变化有指示意义.     

Failure modes and bearing capacity of strip footings on soft ground reinforced by floating stone columns

This study evaluates the failure modes and the bearing capacity of soft ground reinforced by a group of floating stone columns. A finite difference method was adopted to analyze the performance of reinforced ground under strip footings subjected to a vertical load. The investigation was carried out by varying the aspect ratio of the reinforced zone, the area replacement ratio, and the surface surcharge. General shear failure of the reinforced ground was investigated numerically without the surcharge. The results show the existence of an effective length of the columns for the bearing capacity factors N _c and N _γ. When certain surcharge was applied, the failure mode of the reinforced ground changed from the general shear failure to the block failure. The aspect ratio of the reinforced zone and the area replacement ratio also contributed to this failure mode transition. A counterintuitive trend of the bearing capacity factor N _q can be justified with a shift in the critical failure mode. An upper-bound limit method based on the general shear failure mode was presented, and the results agree well with those of the previous studies of reinforced ground. Equivalent properties based on the area-weighted average of the stone columns and clay parameters were used to convert the individual column model to an equivalent area model. The numerical model produced reasonable equivalent properties. Finally, a theoretical method based on the comparison of the analytical equations for different failure modes was developed for engineering design. Good agreement was found between the theoretical and numerical results for the critical failure mode and its corresponding bearing capacity factors.     

Model Establishment for Ponding in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas and its Prediction: Case Study of Northern Jining,China

Mining in areas with a high phreatic water surface leads to groundwater exposure and the accumulation of the water in the subsidence basin. The calculation of the volume of water is of high importance. This paper analyzes the seasonal or perennial ponding caused by mining in areas with high phreatic water surfaces. With the help of digital elevation model, the estimated groundwater elevation, and the basis of a mining subsidence prediction model, a model of ponding in subsidence areas has been established. Using this model, the amount of mining subsidence ponding in northern Jining has been calculated. Furthermore, the evolution of ponding has been forecasted. Our experimental results indicate that the average depth of the ponding area is projected to be about 3 m after mine closure. The volume of the new perennial ponding is 0.2–2 million m³ per year and it is negligible to the river confluence in Jining. This model helps in the calculation of the amount of water in the subsidence area and the evaluation of the impact of mining subsidence area on the catchment, which would provide a certain basis for the reclamation and protection of water resources in the locality.     

Jason-2卫星波形重跟踪算法比较

为弥补测高数据在近海区域因为编辑准则被剔除而导致近海测量数据质量不高的缺点,利用5参数模型的两种形式和Ice-2模型对Jason-2卫星在中国南海部分海域的海洋回波波形进行了波形重跟踪的研究,并选择20个海洋回波波形,依据最小二乘原理进行计算、分析、对比,发现5参数模型的指数形式的结果和Ice-2模型结果非常接近。研究结果表明,在开阔的海域,对Jason-2波形进行3种方法波形重跟踪时,可以优先考虑Ice-2模型。波形重跟踪技术能够提高卫星测高数据利用率,为科学研究提供可靠的数据保障。