华南二叠纪—三叠纪之交微生物岩的古地理背景及沉积微相特征

二叠纪末生物大灭绝后,在华南地区碳酸盐岩台地上普遍形成一套微生物岩。微生物岩所代表的是一种以蓝细菌和其他底栖生物为主体的独特的生态系。蓝细菌作为生产者是该生态系的基础,种类单调的小型腹足类和介形虫等广盐性多细胞生物和灾后残存的有孔虫则是该生态系中的主要消费者。根据所处的古地理位置不同,华南微生物岩的分布可分为3个主要地区,即上扬子地区、中下扬子地区及南盘江地区。上述3个地区微生物岩分别产出在生物礁顶、一般碳酸盐岩台地边缘和孤立碳酸盐岩台地环境,且不同地区微生物岩所在剖面的沉积序列也存在差异。根据不同地区微生物岩在宏观沉积构造和碳酸盐岩微相组合上的差异,可进一步划分为层纹状微生物岩、叠层石微生物岩、花斑状微生物岩、树枝状微生物岩及穹窿状微生物岩。不同微相类型的微生物岩在沉积水深、蓝细菌化石、底栖群落组合上仍存在差异,其中树枝状和穹窿状微生物岩沉积时所处水深最小,花斑状微生物岩和层纹状微生物岩沉积时所处水深可能相对较大。对不同地区微生物岩的研究为认识二叠纪末全球事件期间海洋环境的多样性和演化过程提供了重要的信息。     

琼州海峡沿岸雾统计特征及天气学预报指标

利用海口站1961～2006年高空地面观测资料,分析了琼州海峡沿岸雾的气候统计特征。结果表明：琼州海峡沿岸雾目的年际变化呈现了显著的减少趋势。20世纪70年代初期和90年代初期为雾日减少的两个气候突变期。雾日减少与气候变暖密切相关,夜间最低温度升高是引起海峡雾日减少的主要原因。琼州海峡沿岸雾多出现在冬春季节,一天中出现雾的峰值时间为06：00～07：00,消散峰值时间为08：OO～09：00。利用1987～2006年NCEP再分析资料,总结了产生琼州海峡沿岸雾的3种天气形势,根据雾的类型提出了相应的预报指标。     

大豆饼代替部分鱼粉饲养罗非鱼可行性的试验

本试验以大豆饼作为主要蛋白源取代部分优质鱼粉饲养罗非鱼。结果表明,以大豆饼取代50%鱼粉并添加4.8%油脂的饲料是可行的,具有一定的实际意义。而过多地以植物蛋白代替鱼蛋白显然还存在不少问题。     

CLIMATOLOGICAL CALCULATION OF SURFACE LATENT HEAT OVER CHINA*

In the context of measurements from all the thermal balance stations over China,two methods of calculating surface latent heat for its climatic features are proposed through experiments with a range of schemes,one being the empirical type based on the relationship between ground latent heat and vapor pressure,and the other upon the Bowen ratio parameterization.Either of them has its unique merits so that they can be considered in specific case to have higher accuracy.On this basis,investigation is done of the feature of geographic distribution and annual variability of the heat across the country.     

Probability analysis of seismic pounding of adjacent buildings

The need to investigate the level of seismic pounding risk of buildings is apparent in future building code calibrations. In order to provide further insight into the pounding risk of adjacent buildings, this study develops a numerical simulation approach to estimate the seismic pounding risk of adjacent buildings separated by a minimum code‐specified separation distance during a certain period of time. It has been demonstrated that the period ratio of adjacent buildings is an important parameter that affects the pounding risk of adjacent buildings. However, there is no specific consideration for the period ratio in the related seismic pounding provisions of the 1997 Uniform Building Code. Results also reveal that, for two adjacent buildings, the probability distribution of required distance to avoid seismic pounding fits very well with the type I extreme value distribution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Low-frequency time-space regimes in tropical convection

Summary The multi-scale time-space regimes of the low-frequency convective activity over the maritime continent and tropical western Pacific are investigated using the monthly infrared radiance black body temperature (IRTBB) over a latitude band of 5S–9S, 80E–160W for the time period of 1980–1993. The complex Morlet wavelet transform and the complex empirical orthogonal function (CEOF) analysis are used. The zonal mean of the monthly IRTBB is dominated by the annual cycle which is influenced by a monsoon regime. An interannual signal around the time scale of 4.8-year and a decadal signal are obvious. In the zonal deviation, each CEOF represents a particular spatial regime; its corresponding principal component exhibits different multi-scale temporal behavior. The first leading component represents the variability due to large scale land-ocean distribution (the maritime continent, the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific) related to monsoon, with a dominant annual time scale. The second leading component represents the fluctuation of Walker circulation, associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events having a main time scale around 4.8-year and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) around 2.4-year. The third leading component represents the variability due to small-scale land-ocean distribution (Java, New Guinea and the surrounding seas), with a dominant annual time scale. The main time scales in all the components seem to be modulated by longer time scales in either amplitude or frequency or both.Different time scales, as well as their in-phase interference, may play different roles in developing an individual ENSO event. The 1982/1983 event is dominated by an enhanced QBO. The 1986/1987 event is dominated by an enhanced 4.8-year oscillation. The 1991 and 1993 events may have resulted from an in-phase interference among several interannual time scales, abnormal annual cycles, and also highfrequency variability.SAIC/General Sciences Corporation.With 6 Figures     

用激光点光源干涉法检测棱镜的角度误差

用激光点光源干涉法可以有效地检测光学平板的平行差，精度极高。本文详细讨论了如何将这一方法用于检测棱镜角度误差     

黄海冷水团的变化特征

本文根据1957—1967,1972—1973和1975—1985这24年的温、盐度资料,利用“相似系数”法分析了夏季(8月)黄海冷水团分布范围、低温中心、体积和温、盐特性的多年变化。结果表明,黄海冷水团的分布范围具有比较明显的年间变化,强年的“相对体积”约为弱年的2.2倍。黄海冷水团的温、盐性质比较稳定,多年最大变幅分别为7.7℃和2.58‰。三个低温中心温、盐度的多年变幅,盐度以北黄海低温中心为最大(约1‰),温度以南黄海西侧低温中心最显著(3.51℃);而南黄海东侧低温中心温、盐度的变幅最小,分别为1.58℃和0.63‰。     

应用对应分析法划分夏季东海水团的初步研究

本文综合分析四个断面16个标准层的因子点聚,表明在整个海区有九个水团,即:黑潮表层水、黑潮次表层水、黑潮中层水、黑潮深层水、大陆沿岸水、台湾暖流水、黄海水、对马暖流水和东海混合水,前6个水团是该海区的主要水团。本文还详细讨论了每个水团的分布特征。     

Effect of dissolved phosphorus on alkaline phosphatase activity in marine microalgae

I~IOXThe alkaline phOSPhataSe (AP) has been more and more studied following the study of thephosphorus limitation (Suttle and Harrision, 1988; Hu et al., 1989; Huang et al., 1996). PeOple used to take dissolved inorganic phOSphorus (DIP) level and uptake rate by algae as phosphOrus limitation indicators (Vera and Petterson 1992; Huang and HOng, 1994). But recent resultsindicate that diSSOlved organic phosphorus (DOP) and particulate organic phOSphorus (PP) couldalso be utilized b…