Subsurface target recognition in Utopia Planitia of Mars by Tianwen-1 FP-SPR simulation

As a cold and dry planet, Mars contains water resources in the form of water ice, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted to the deep underground to get the information of the topography and subsurface geological structure. Subsurface penetrating radar(SPR) can be widely used in deep space exploration for a long time because of its non-destructive detection mode and its working characteristics not limited by visible light. It is an important type of equipment for detecting the subsurface structure of planets. Orbiter radar is mainly used in Mars exploration. However, because of its low resolution, it is difficult to describe the near surface structure, so there is a lack of radar data which can reflect the shallow information. In this paper, a three-dimensional near surface model of Utopia Planitia on Mars is established. In order to make the simulation results more reasonable, the key factors such as topographic relief, subsurface rocks and water ice, and the variation of dielectric constant in different layers are taken into account. Then the full polarization forward modeling is carried out by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. The acquired full polarimetric subsurface penetrating radar(FP-SPR) data with noise is preprocessed and further processed by Pauli decomposition. The underground reflection can be picked up more clearly from the Pauli decomposition results. This work is helpful to identify more details of subsurface structures and provides a reference for the measured data in the future.     

中哈俄阿尔泰稀有金属矿床时空分布、成因及成矿规律

中哈俄阿尔泰发育许多大型—超大型稀有金属矿床,是世界著名的稀有金属成矿省.该成矿省可分为3个稀有金属成矿带,自西南向东北依次为哈萨克斯坦Kalba-Narym、中国阿尔泰和俄罗斯山区阿尔泰等.这3个成矿带稀有金属矿床以伟晶岩型为主,但伟晶岩与花岗岩关系及其伟晶岩成因不一致:在哈萨克斯坦Kalba-Narym成矿带和俄罗...     

GNSS水汽层析的约束条件方程变权代数重构算法

基于传统代数重构算法（algebraic reconstruction technique, ART）提出一种约束条件方程变权的代数重构算法(variable weight algebraic reconstruction technique, VWART),利用2019-08香港地区CORS网GNSS观测数据进行实验,选用京士柏探空气象站探空数据进行验证分析。结果表明,相比于传统代数重构算法,变权代数重构算法的精度、稳定性和可靠性均有所提高。以探空数据为例,其RMSE降低20.334%;在不同程度降水条件下,变权代数重构算法反演的垂直水汽廓线分布均优于传统代数重构算法。     

2019-05-26秘鲁北部地震前低纬电离层变化分析北大核心CSCD

针对2019-05-26秘鲁北部M W8.0地震,利用CODE-TEC数据和GPS-TEC实测数据,分析此次地震前上空电离层总电子含量和电离层赤道异常变化。利用地震前2019-05-10~26总电子含量格网数据分析震前电离层赤道异常变化和电离层TEC随地理纬度的异常变化;然后利用RIOP和GLPS站的GPS-TEC数据,统计分析地震前电离层TEC日变化异常。结果表明,地震发生前3 d,电离层赤道异常“双峰”消失,且电离层TEC含量显著减少,可达10 TECu左右。在地震发生前3 d 16:00~20:00 UT,电离层TEC随纬度变化呈现双峰曲线特征,震中附近存在低谷,且在该期间RIOP和GLPS站电离层TEC也出现显著减少现象。     

Water Cooperation Priorities in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin Based on Cooperative Events Since the Mekong River Commission Establishment

The Lancang-Mekong River has attracted much attention from researchers, but the cooperation on water issues in this river basin has been limited, even after the establishment of the Mekong River Commission(MRC). Cooperation on water resources has been determined as one of the key priority areas in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism, but there are no details of targets. In order to establish the priorities of water cooperation under the mechanism, we adopted nine categories to classify the objectives of 87 water cooperation events based on the ‘Lancang-Mekong Water Cooperative Events Database' from 1995 to 2015. Based on the occurrence of cooperative events, cooperative objectives, cooperative scales, and approaches to cooperation, we conducted statistical, correlation, and text analyses. Our analyses indicated the following results: under the impact of economic conditions inside and outside the river basin, full cooperation appeared more difficult than bilateral and multilateral cooperation. Each of the partners adopted different preferences for cooperation targets. Cooperation with more definite objectives was easier to establish than cooperation with broader and more complex objectives. The potential objectives for water cooperation were navigation, hydropower, joint management, data sharing, flood control and water use. Because hydropower development is controversial, and because water cooperation is avoided by most existing regional cooperation mechanisms due to its complexity, we suggest the following priority areas for water cooperation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin. 1) Navigation and flood control/drought relief are attractive objectives for all the riparian countries across the whole watershed. 2) Data sharing should be a priority for cooperation in the watershed due to its laying the foundation for the equitable and reasonable utilization of transboundary waters. 3) Hydropower is an objective best implemented mainly through bilateral cooperation, and on tributaries.     

OGC WCS系统若干关键实现技术研究

由于栅格数据种类繁多,处理过程复杂,目前还没有一种软件能为他们提供完善的WCS。研究表明,针对具体的数据源设计和实现WCS是比较好的解决方案。研究针对MODIS数据,参照OGC WCS实现规范,在充分分析WCS数据处理与服务流程的基础上,总结了WCS系统实现的技术要点,研究和探讨了系统实现中的若干关键技术问题,包括元数...     

安徽巢湖凤凰山栖霞组臭灰岩段黄铁矿结核的地球化学

沉积黄铁矿的地球化学是认识重金属汇、矿床金属来源、古海洋化学及环境条件的重要途径。巢湖北郊凤凰山上石炭统黄龙组至下二叠统栖霞组臭灰岩段揭露良好,臭灰岩中黄铁矿结核普遍,集中产出于碳质页岩上2~3 m的沥青质灰岩中,其地球化学特征及成因不清。为查明黄铁矿结核的地球化学特征,分析臭灰岩段的沉积环境,推断早二叠世早期古环境演化,厘清碎屑岩段与臭灰岩的关系,从该剖面采集10个黄铁矿结核和灰岩样品,采用偏光显微镜、X射线荧光光谱仪和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析测试其矿物成分和主微量元素组成。结果表明：凤凰山下二叠统栖霞组臭灰岩段下部普遍发育的黄铁矿结核呈块状和微晶粒状,与灰岩界线清晰,并未切割或破坏有机质纹层,为成岩孔隙水交代生物而成。臭灰岩中SO3和Fe2O3显著富集,分别与高含量有机质和与下伏碎屑岩段一致的陆源供应有关。与上陆壳相比,臭灰岩中Se、Mo和Cd富集,黄铁矿结核中Cr、Ni、As、Se、Mo、Cd、Sb和Hg富集。碎屑岩- 臭灰岩的岩性组合、黄铁矿结核的分布范围及其主微量元素地球化学特征均表明臭灰岩和黄铁矿结核沉积于受部分陆源物质影响的稳定大陆边缘缺氧强还原海相环境。     

顾及时空特性的SBAS高质量点选取算法

SBAS技术中常用的相干系数选点方法受旁瓣效应的影响,容易造成部分高质量点的漏选以及低质量点的误选。针对这一问题,本文提出了顾及时空特性的SBAS高质量点选取算法,根据干涉相位各个成分的空间特性,分离出噪声相位判别点的质量。试验表明考虑同质点的Non-Local滤波能够更加可靠地提取干涉相位中的空间相关相位,从而提高噪声相位估计的准确性。利用覆盖上海地区1992—1998年的24景JERS-1影像作为试验数据,分别用相干系数法以及本文的方法进行选点。结果表明本文算法能够有效地选出相干系数法在农田与村落交错地区漏选的高质量点,同时排除了相干系数法由于旁瓣效应影响的误选点。     

阿尔泰-准噶尔北缘重磁场特征及其断裂的地质意义

阿尔泰-准噶尔北缘成矿带富含铁、铜、镍、金等多种矿产资源, 但准噶尔周缘的构造单元及断裂划分存在一定争议, 从而影响了找矿部署方向研究。为进一步深化区域成矿规律的研究, 优选大型、超大型找矿远景区开展物探勘查, 笔者收集了最新、最大比例尺的重磁资料和大量的物性信息, 以地球物理重磁理论为指导, GIS技术为手段, 对阿尔泰-准噶尔北缘成矿带的重力和磁场特征进行了详细的分析, 并对阿尔泰-准噶尔北缘断裂及准噶尔盆地西缘断裂进行推断解释。认为准噶尔北缘断裂与准噶尔盆地的西缘断裂为2条性质完全不同的断裂, 东西准噶尔不具对比性, 准噶尔北缘断裂主要以北西西向构造为主。提出准噶尔陆块边界的边界应是塔城—和布克赛县一线以西, 西准噶尔和卡拉麦里相似, 只是准噶尔陆块中的局部隆起。     

黄河三角洲埕岛海域底质特征与泥沙净输运研究

本文通过对黄河三角洲埕岛海域146个表层样的粒度分析,表明该区有5种沉积物类型,以砂质粉砂为主体,呈斑块状分布,极细砂与粗粉砂是沉积物的主要粒级,普遍分选差。运用"粒径趋势"分析的方法,分析探讨了埕岛海域表层沉积物净输运趋势。研究区的沉积物的净输运趋势大致以12 m水深为界,深水区沉积物的净输运趋势向岸,12 m以浅海域的沉积物具有离岸的净输运趋势,说明深水区沉积物受冬季风浪作用向岸运移作用显著,12 m以浅海域的沉积物受夏季风浪作用离岸运移作用显著,沉积物运移的季节变化已成为研究区海域沉积物净运移的主要控制因素。