浙江桐庐冷坞二叠纪生物礁的发育模式

礁体底部具脉状层理的潮坪相碎屑沉积,礁体内部藻叠层岩夹层的存在,及礁体上部为煤系地层覆盖等都表明冷坞生物礁是一个典型的二叠纪岸礁;海绵骨架岩的存在表明它是个骨架型岸礁。     

Organic/ Inorganic Occurrence of Metallic Elements of the Black Shale-Hosted Baiguoyuan Silver-Vanadium Deposit in Xingshan, Hubei

By means of kerogen purification, the proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), the authors have studied the organic/inorganic occurrence modes of the metallic elements of the Baiguoyuan silver-vanadium deposit hosted in black shale in Hubei Province, China. The result shows that Au, Hg and Ta have a strong tendency to occur organically, with more than 70% of these elements being associated organically. Se, Ga, Ag and Hf are partly associated with organic matter, with more than 20% of them occurring organically. Compared with the above elements, Zn, Cu, As and Sb are weakly associated organically, and tend to be enriched in kerogen. However, Mn, Th, U, V, Co, Cr, Al, Fe and Sc usually occur inorganically. Of the rare earth elements (REE), La, Ce, Tb, Dy, Yb and Lu have stronger ability to be associated with organic matter than Sm and Eu.     

Analysis of Ore-controlling Structure in the Qifengcha-Detiangou Gold Deposit, Huairou County, Beijing

The Qifengcha-Detiangou gold deposit is a medium-sized deposit recently found in Huairou County, Beijing. It belongs to the altered mylonite type with superimposed quartz vein type and is related to the early Yanshanian magmatic activity. Characterized by multiperiodic activity, the NE-trending Qifengcha fault is a regional ore-controlling structure in the area, and gold mineralization develops only in its southeastern part. Meanwhile, gold mineralization is controlled by the Yunmengshan metamorphic core complex. The nearly N-S- and E-W-trending low-angle detachment faults, reformed by the Qifengcha fault in the northwestern part of the core complex, are the main ore-bearing faults. All discovered gold deposits are located within an area 1.5-4.0 km away from the boundary of the upwelling centre. The N-S- (NNE-) and E-W-trending ore-bearing faults are ductile-brittle structural zones developing in shallow positions and subjected mainly to compressive deformation. The structural ore-controlling effects ar     

Indosinian Foreland Fold-and-Thrust Belt Bordering Yunnan and Guangxi, China

Recent discoveries of ophiolites indicate that there must be a Palaeotethyan geosuture zone bordering China and Vietnam, which separates the Vietbac block from the South China subcontinent. The Indosinian foreland fold-and-thrust belt bordering Yunnan and Guangxi provided further evidence for the palaeotethysides. The oceanic crust was subducted southwestwards while the magmatic arc migrated northeastwards, and the continent-arc collision occurred in the Late Triassic with the thrusting being extended towards the north or northeast. The features of thrust-nappe structure are discussed, which proved the continental margin of the Palaeotethyan ocean there to be a complicated one. A face-to-face collision occurred first along the NW-striking segment and then along the ENE-striking segment accompanied by transpression or oblique thrusting occurring along the NW-striking one.     

New Data of Daomanite and Hongshiite

In 1974 the author preliminarily reported two new platinum group minerals-daomanite and hongshiite. The two minerals were accepted by the Commission on New Minerals and Minerals Names of the International Mineralogical Association in 1976 and 1982 respectively. Because of the conditions at that time, the work was preliminary, for example, there were only reflectance values of four wave bands. Recently the author again made measurements of reflectances, corrected cell parameters by the four-circle diffractometer and electron diffraction and supplemented their new occurrences and nomenclature.     

阿尔泰加里东期变质成因伟晶岩型白云母矿床的成矿年代证据及其意义

本次工作通过野外调查和同位素年代学研究,首次在阿尔泰西部的也拉曼大型含绿柱石白云母矿床(426±13Ma)、阿尔泰中部的那森恰大型含绿柱石白云母矿床(447.7±0.4Ma)及阿尔泰东部的青河拜兴白云母伟晶岩脉(436.0±0.5Ma)中获得了可靠的加里东期成矿的同位素年代证据,从而为解决是否存在加里东期成矿的问题提供了重要依据,并进一步认识到阿尔泰地区的伟晶岩及伟晶岩型稀有金属-白云母矿床并非只形成于海西期。     

高温变泥质岩石中石榴石-黑云母地质温度计的应用——以胶北荆山群富铝岩石为例

在对胶北荆山群麻粒岩相富铝岩石中石榴石、黑云母的成分环带进行深入研究基础上,选取不同粒径、与不同矿物相邻的石榴石、黑云母各微区点成分,利用石榴石-黑云母温度计分别进行了温度估算。确定在黑云母含量较高的岩石(V_(Grt)/V_(Bt)≤1)中,利用大颗粒石榴石(d≥1500μm)晶体核部(或靠近长英质矿物一侧的晶体幔部)成分与基质中远离石榴石等镁铁矿物处于长英质矿物之间的黑云母核部成分配合。通过石榴石-黑云母温度计可以获得相当可信的变质峰期温度。但是对于黑云母含量极低的岩石(V_(Grt)/V_(Bt)≥6),由于黑云母的成分普遍遭到了强烈改造。使得温度估算结果异常偏低,因此不适合采用石榴石-黑云母温度计估算峰期温度。同一岩石中,采用不同的相邻石榴石-黑云母矿物对晶体边缘成分获得的温度值差异较大,反映它们在峰期后发生Fe-Mg交换反应并达到封闭温度平衡状态的程度不同,因此利用石榴石-黑云母温度计难以获得准确的封闭温度。通过热力学计算,建立了一个新的石榴石-黑云母温度计公式。确定胶北荆山群所经历的变质峰期温度为720～770℃,峰期后最低相对封闭温度为480～500℃。     

低序次韧性断裂的负反转构造研究

赣湘地区的变质核杂岩和变质穹窿构造中，晚期脆性断裂与早期低序次韧性构造间存在着明显的相关联系。这是由于韧性断裂中的面理(S2)，经劈理、节理多次转化，由压性构造转化为张性构造并形成伸展型的脆性断裂。其演化机制在宏观上是碰撞造山形变后期的引张作用；微观上是岩石物体加工硬化的方向性等缘故。并综合分析了在荷载、边界变化的条件下，应力、应变在宏-微观上的重新分配(partitioning)，导致低序次韧性构造向脆性断裂负反转的必然趋势。这方面的研究，不论在资源或是环境地质调查中均有实践意义。     

云南西部羊邑和龙陵地区晚上新世植被和古气候

云南西部羊邑和龙陵地区晚上新世孢粉组合均以被子植物占优势，蕨类和裸子植物次之，藻类类群少。龙陵孢粉组合比羊邑孢粉组合含有更丰富的亚热带被子植物成分；裸子植物类群相对较少；蕨类类群较多，但孢子含量低。与研究地区现生植被对比研究的结果显示羊邑孢粉组合的大部分类群来自常绿针阔叶混交林，现在分布于羊邑地区海拔2800-3100m的地带，其余部分来自海拔3200m以上的云冷杉林；而龙陵孢粉组合的大部分类群来自山地湿润常绿阔叶林，分布于今日龙陵地区海拔1600-2500m的地带，其余部分来自海拔2300-2900m的常绿针阔叶混交林。这些云南西部晚上新世植被反映了湿润的亚热带山地立体气候。