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941.
Microphytobenthic biomass and species composition in intertidal flats of the Nakdong River estuary, Korea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
GuoYing Du Moonho Son Misun Yun Soonmo An Ik Kyo Chung 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,82(4):663-672
Intertidal microphytobenthos (MPB) were investigated monthly from August 2006 to March 2008 at four different sites in the sand flats of Nakdong River estuary, Korea. Samples of surface sediment (ca. 1 cm) were collected, and chlorophyll a was extracted as biomass estimation. Species identification and enumeration were carried out by light microscopy, assisted where necessary by scanning electronic microscopy. Biomass varied between 0.47 and 16.58 μg cm−3, abundance changed from 5.25 to 414.75 × 103 cells cm−3, while the Shannon diversity indexes ranged between 0.69 and 2.35 H′. Thirty-nine MPB taxa were identified, primarily composed of epipelic diatoms, among which Amphora and Navicula were the most abundant genera. Based on the biomass, abundance, species composition and their dynamics, MPB assemblages of sampling sites were grouped into three distinct communities corresponding to their sediment composition characteristics. Multivariate correlation analysis revealed that biomass was positively related to mud and very fine sand, negatively related to fine and medium sand, but not significantly related to environmental factors such as pore water nutrients, light intensity and salinity, which fluctuated rapidly during emersion period. Cluster analysis corroborated the division of MPB communities according to site types on seasonal scales, and also showed seasonality between sites by cluster of all summer groups. Principal component analysis identified that variability in species composition was significantly affected by mud, very fine sand, fine sand, light intensity, and sediment temperature. This study suggests that sediment composition plays an important role in the functioning of intertidal MPB communities in estuarine ecosystems. 相似文献
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944.
云南哀牢山金矿带大坪金矿铂族元素(PGE)和Re-Os同位素地球化学及其矿床成因意义 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
采用镍硫火试金ICP-MS法和Carius管溶矿与ICP-MS联合测定法分析了云南大坪金矿各类金矿石和主要围岩的PGE和矿石矿物的Re-Os同位素组成,结果显示各类金矿石的ΣPGE变化较大,为(3.91~61.64)×10-9,平均25.93×10-9,与该区喜马拉雅期煌斑岩脉(22.19×10-9)相当,而高于加里东期闪长岩围岩((2.79~4.75)×10-9);金矿石Pt/Pt均低于1,为0.01~0.9,平均0.249,接近煌斑岩(0.45),而远低于闪长岩围岩的(1.38~1.57)。金矿石的球粒陨石标准化曲线显示明显的Pt和Ir负异常和Ru与Rh正异常,相似于煌斑岩脉的PGE配分模式,而明显区别于闪长岩围岩,显示大坪金矿成矿与幔源煌斑岩等基性岩脉的侵入有关,成矿物质主要不是来自闪长岩。PGE元素比值显示该区煌斑岩脉可能是由经历了基性岩浆抽提和交代作用形成的亏损地幔部分熔融产生的,其原始岩浆中S已达到饱和。大坪金矿矿石矿物的Re/Os比值均>1,为6.36~121.67,γOs(t)均为高正值,为290.21~810.24,平均492.92,187Os/188Os(t)为0.495~1.154,远高于金矿形成时(距今约33.55Ma)球粒陨石187Os/188Os的初始比值(0.12679),显示该矿成矿过程中有来自地壳的高放射性成因187Os的加入。PGE和Re-Os同位素组成显示大坪金矿的成因与该区新生代以来强烈的壳幔相互作用有关,其成矿流体主要来自地幔排气形成的深源地幔流体和下地壳脱水形成的富CO2流体,韧性剪切带提供了流体运移和汇聚的通道,深源流体与闪长岩之间的水/岩反应和沸腾作用导致物理化学条件的改变和矿质沉淀。大坪金矿属于典型的剪切带控制的深源热液型金矿。 相似文献
945.
946.
环境伦理是对人与自然之间道德关系的认知,在区域发展中构建可持续发展的环境伦理观是实现人与环境协调的核心内容。从区域发展的案例入手,从哲学层面分析区域发展中人与环境产生冲突的原因,构建区域可持续发展环境伦理观,明确不同利益主体应承担的环境伦理责任与义务,是实现可持续发展的必要内容。本文对云南省林浆纸一体化工程进行环境伦理探讨,分析了桉树种植的土地资源、生态效应、纸浆生产的环境影响、经济效益、利益流向等一系列问题;从环境伦理角度对林浆纸工程进行分析,提出了可持续发展环境伦理观建立和环境伦理规范,认为在利益冲突的形势下,应该遵循"非人类中心"的环境伦理准则,贯彻人地和谐的自然观,综合考虑生态安全原则、综合效益原则、公平原则、共赢竞争原则,采取综合思维方法,构建可持续发展的环境伦理观;分析不同社会团体在区域可持续发展建设中的环境伦理责任,提出了决策者群体、企业家群体、媒介群体、科学家群体、公众群体等在环境伦理意识、环境伦理责任、环境伦理义务等方面所应起到的作用。 相似文献
947.
1971-2000年青藏高原气候变化趋势 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Trends of annual and monthly temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspi- ration and aridity index were analyzed to understand climate change during the period 1971–2000 over the Tibetan Plateau which is one of the most special regions sensitive to global climate change. FAO56–Penmen–Monteith model was modified to calculate potential evapotranspiration which integrated many climatic elements including maximum and mini- mum temperatures, solar radiation, relative humidity and wind speed. Results indicate gen- erally warming trends of the annual averaged and monthly temperatures, increasing trends of precipitation except in April and September, decreasing trends of annual and monthly poten- tial evapotranspiration, and increasing aridity index except in September. It is not the isolated climatic elements that are important to moisture conditions, but their integrated and simulta- neous effect. Moreover, potential evapotranspiration often changes the effect of precipitation on moisture conditions. The climate trends suggest an important warm and humid tendency averaged over the southern plateau in annual period and in August. Moisture conditions would probably get drier at large area in the headwater region of the three rivers in annual average and months from April to November, and the northeast of the plateau from July to September. Complicated climatic trends over the Tibetan Plateau reveal that climatic factors have nonlinear relationships, and resulte in much uncertainty together with the scarcity of observation data. The results would enhance our understanding of the potential impact of climate change on environment in the Tibetan Plateau. Further research of the sensitivity and attribution of climate change to moisture conditions on the plateau is necessary. 相似文献
948.
Growth,feeding and ecological roles of the mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hae Jin Jeong Yeong Du Yoo Jae Seong Kim Kyeong Ah Seong Nam Seon Kang Tae Hoon Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2010,45(2):65-91
Planktonic mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates are ubiquitous protists and often abundant in marine environments. Recently many phototrophic dinoflagellate species have been revealed to be mixotrophic organisms and also it is suggested that most dinoflagellates may be mixotrophic or heterotrophic protists. The mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates are able to feed on diverse prey items including bacteria, picoeukaryotes, nanoflagellates, diatoms, other dinoflagellates, heterotrophic protists, and metazoans due to their diverse feeding mechanisms. In turn they are ingested by many kinds of predators. Thus, the roles of the dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs are very diverse. The present paper reviewed the kind of prey which mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates are able to feed on, feeding mechanisms, growth and ingestion rates of dinoflagellates, grazing impact by dinoflagellate predators on natural prey populations, predators on dinoflagellates, and red tides dominated by dinoflagellates. Based on this information, we suggested a new marine planktonic food web focusing on mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates and provided an insight on the roles of dinoflagellates in the food web. 相似文献
949.
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950.