黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征

歧北斜坡区沙一下亚段湖相碳酸盐岩储层较薄（多数集中在0.5~8 m）,地震资料难以指导内部小层及滩体划分,沉积相模式、演化规律及主控因素认识不清,采用标志层控制、静-动态资料相互拟合的方法,利用岩心、测井、地球化学、古生物等资料,结合示踪剂、吸水剖面等动态资料对薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层进行综合研究。研究结果表明：超覆地层对比模式符合研究区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩地层真实发育情况,并识别出5期明显的湖岸线;湖水首先沿着港西断层形成的断槽及中部的斜坡低洼区由东向西主发生湖侵;研究区主要发育滨浅湖亚相,包括生屑滩、混积滩等6种沉积微相,生屑滩面积占60%以上;沉积模式显示出沉积早期,地形坡度大、湖侵范围小、滨浅湖面积也最小,主要沉积沿岸碎屑岩砂坝;沉积中后期,水体越过坡折带,滨浅湖面积不断扩大,并迅速超覆至全区,生屑滩沉积面积达到最大的演化规律。歧北斜坡区湖水咸化、湖相碳酸盐岩广泛沉积的主要原因,是海侵作用致使湖水初步咸化和浅水缓坡台地环境导致混合水蒸发浓缩二次咸化双重作用的结果。强烈的剥蚀和填平补齐导致的近似平台型古地貌特征和古生物的大量繁殖,也是控制北斜坡区沉积相类型及演化的主要因素之一。     

1996年云南丽江7.0级地震人员死亡的社会学特征

A statistics analysis was conducted on the basic information about fatalities from the Lijiang MS7.0 earthquake in 1996. The factors include age, gender, educational background, occupation, cause of death, death place, etc. We found that even though deaths caused by the Lijiang earthquake had some common features with those from earthquakes in other places in China, it also showed some specific features because of the multiracial and economically-underdeveloped situation of Lijiang area. The results reached in the paper can serve as a reference for studying the features of casualties caused by future strong earthquakes in Yunnan, and for the delicate and human-oriented emergency treatment.     

高原大桥桥台地震破坏机理与抗震措施分析

通过现场震害调查和有限元分析,研究了汶川大地震高原大桥桥台的地震破坏机理和提高桥台抗主梁撞击能力的工程措施。研究表明,基于pushover静力分析技术可较好地模拟桥台在主梁撞击下的破坏形态。对不同的有限元模型假定,高原大桥虹口侧桥台可表现出"上弱下强"、"上下等强"和"下弱上强"等3种不同的破坏模式,且桥台胸墙、前墙、前墙与翼墙交界面是抗震薄弱点,在主梁撞击下易发生脆性开裂;而高原侧桥台的破坏则基本为自胸墙开始,沿45°夹角向斜下方扩展,最终导致桥台胸墙撞碎、后侧翼墙脱落倒塌。素混凝土桥台在主梁撞击下表现出明显的脆性,提高桥台混凝土强度可有效增大桥台抗撞击的强度,而在桥台混凝土中配置一定量的分布钢筋则可有效延缓桥台破坏过程。     

基于置信区间的地震压埋人员实时伤亡状态预估模型

在震后应急救援宏观决策中,地震压埋人员的实时伤亡状态是最重要的定量指标和参考依据。因此,以置信度区间为工具,对影响伤亡状态的参数即初始伤亡指数Co、囤陷环境S和体质综合指数B进行了区间分析,建立了实时伤亡状态模型,并以汶川地震灾区为例,对不同人员的伤亡状态进行了预估,预估值与实际情况的误差为10%左右,表明该模型可供震后应急救援工作参考。     

基于Simulink的桩-土-结构相互作用反应谱分析

在Simulink环境下对桩-土-结构相互作用系统进行了仿真计算分析,并利用反应谱理论研究了SSI效应对上部结构动力响应的影响.采用集中参数模型考虑桩-土对上部结构的影响,上部结构简化为单质点模型,给出了桩-土-结构系统的状态方程,根据模型状态方程在Simulink环境下建立系统的仿真模型,得到了不同场地条件下SSI效应对上部结构加速度谱与位移谱的影响规律.计算结果表明:位移谱基本保持着“刚性假定＜Ⅰ类场地＜Ⅱ类场地＜Ⅲ、Ⅳ类场地”的规律;加速度谱受场地影响的规律不太明显,但在场地较软、桩基刚度较大时,加速度比刚性假定下的要小,而在其他情况下,加速度则比刚性假定下的要大.     

高强箍筋高强混凝土墩柱弯剪数值分析模型

在高强混凝土墩柱中配置高强度约束箍筋可有效提高其抗震能力,本文发展了适用于高强箍筋高强混凝土墩柱滞回性能模拟的弯剪数值分析模型。在普通钢筋混凝土墩柱弯剪数值分析模型的基础上,对22个具有典型弯剪破坏特征的高强箍筋高强混凝土柱试验结果进行分析,验证了Elwood剪切破坏面对高强箍筋高强混凝土墩柱的适用性。基于Open Sees数值分析平台建立了墩柱的弯剪数值分析模型,使用Elwood剪切破坏面监测墩柱的剪切破坏时刻。模拟了6个发生弯剪破坏的高强箍筋高强混凝土墩柱滞回曲线,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明,模拟滞回曲线与试验结果吻合良好,数值模型对高强箍筋高强混凝土墩柱的强度、变形能力、残余位移等具有较好的模拟精度。模拟得到的弯曲、剪切及纵筋拔出等各变形成分也与试件的弯剪破坏特征吻合。     

Identification and characterization of the Vibrio anguillarum prtV gene encoding a new metalloprotease

We cloned and sequenced a prtV-like gene from Vibrio anguillarum M3 strain.This prtV gene encodes a putative protein of 918 amino acids,and is highly homologous to the V.cholerae prtV gene.We found that a prtV insertion mutant strain displayed lower gelatinase activity on gelatin agar,lower protease activity against azocasein,and lower activity for four glycosidases.This prtV mutant strain also had increased activity for two esterases in its extracellular products,as analyzed by the API ZYM system.In additi...     

我国手足口病时空分布特征的GIS分析

手足口病是一种常见传染病。近几年在我国多次暴发且发病人数显著增加,引起了我国政府和社会各界的广泛关注。目前,对手足口病的研究主要集中在医学领域,而在宏观尺度上的时空分布特征研究及其重点地区分布研究等方面均较少。本文探索应用地理信息系统(GIS)的工具和方法,对2008-2009年中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集的手足口病监测数据进行统计计算、空间可视化和空间分析,得到我国手足口病疫情的时空分布与动态变化特征。研究表明:(1)尽管全国均有手足口病的报告病例,但各省之间发病情况差异较大,且区域内的发病情况也存在较显著差异,一般在人口密度和人口流动性均较大的城市疫情较严重;(2)手足口病在我国的流行高峰期为4-7月,比国外相关研究中的描述提前了一个月;(3)5-6月,我国手足口病的高发区分布明显由南向北移动。(4)2008-2009年,我国手足口病患者98%以上为托幼儿童、散居儿童和学生。鉴此分析,本文提出了具有时间、空间和人群针对性的防控手足口病暴发流行的科学建议。     

Research on the influencing factors for residual displacements of RC bridge columns subjected to earthquake loading

Following the 1995 Kobe earthquake, many RC bridge columns were demolished due to a residual drift ratio of more than 1.75 % even though they did not collapse. The residual drift ratio is a quantitative index for the performance objective of reparability in the bridge seismic design. Numerical models of the columns are built to study the factors that influence the residual displacement of RC bridge columns. In these models, both column bending and bar pulling out deformation are considered using the fiber column-beam element and zero-length section element, respectively. Then, nonlinear time history analyses are performed. The factors that influence column residual displacement, such as the characteristics of ground motion, the structural responses (the maximum lateral drift ratio and the displacement ductility factor), and the structural characteristics (the aspect ratio and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio) are investigated. It is found that the near-fault ground motion induces a larger residual drift ratio than the far-fault ground motion. The residual drift ratio becomes larger due to the increase of the maximum lateral drift ratio, the displacement ductility factor, and the aspect ratio. Further, a larger longitudinal reinforcement ratio can induce a larger residual drift ratio due to the contribution of the bar pulling out deformation.     

Shake table test of soil-pile groups-bridge structure interaction in liquefiable ground

<正>This paper describes a shake table test study on the seismic response of low-cap pile groups and a bridge structure in liquefiable ground.The soil profile,contained in a large-scale laminar shear box,consisted of a horizontally saturated sand layer overlaid with a silty clay layer,with the simulated low-cap pile groups embedded.The container was excited in three E1 Centra earthquake events of different levels.Test results indicate that excessive pore pressure(EPP) during slight shaking only slightly accumulated,and the accumulation mainly occurred during strong shaking.The EPP was gradually enhanced as the amplitude and duration of the input acceleration increased.The acceleration response of the sand was remarkably influenced by soil liquefaction.As soil liquefaction occurred,the peak sand displacement gradually lagged behind the input acceleration;meanwhile,the sand displacement exhibited an increasing effect on the bending moment of the pile,and acceleration responses of the pile and the sand layer gradually changed from decreasing to increasing in the vertical direction from the bottom to the top.A jump variation of the bending moment on the pile was observed near the soil interface in all three input earthquake events.It is thought that the shake table tests could provide the groundwork for further seismic performance studies of low-cap pile groups used in bridges located on liquefiable groun.