中国北方沙漠地区第四纪研究的新进展

采用第四纪地质工作方法,通过近十年来的野外调查与室内分析工作,对中国北方沙漠地区古风成沙的分布、类型、特征,沙漠及沙漠化的形成时代、发展模式、性质、沉积环境、成因以及防治对策等方面取得了许多新认识。     

云南东部震旦系—寒武系界线地层的相变与横向对比

1980—1982年间,我们在研究滇东震旦系与寒武系之间界线时,曾将晚震旦世至早寒武世过渡地层渔户村组由下至上划分为旧城段、白岩哨段、小歪头山段、中谊村段及大海段,筇竹寺组分为八道湾段和玉案山段等岩石地层单元(罗惠麟等,1982)。经过近10年的实践,证明这一划分基本合理,并为云南省地矿局区调队及第一地质大队广泛采用。由于八道湾段与新疆乌鲁木齐附近的侏罗系八道湾组重名,罗惠麟等(1990)建议改称为石     

DIAGNOSTIC STUDY FOR INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION OF THE MIDDLE-HIGH LATITUDES IN A LOW RESOLUTION GLOBAL SPECTRAL MODEL

In this paper, five-year simulated data from a low-resolution global spectral model with triangular trunca-lion at wavenumber 10 are analyzed in order to study dynamical features and propagation characteristics ofintraseasonal oxillations over the mid-latitudes and the tropical atmosphere. The simulations show that thereis the 30-50 day periodic oscillation in the low-resolution spectral model without non-seasonal external forcing,and spatial scale of the intraseasonal oscihations is of the globe .Further analysis finds that propagation charac-ters of intraseasonal oscillations over the mid-latitudes and the tropics are different. The 30-50 day oscillationover the tropics exhibits structure of the velocity potential wave with wavenumber 1 in the latitudinal and thecharacter of the traveling wave eastward at speed of 8 longitudes/day. However, the 30-50 day oscillationsin mid-latitude atmosphere exhibit phase and amplitude oscillation of the standing planetary waves and theyare related to transform of teleconnection patterns over the mid-latitudes. The energy is not only transferredbetween the tropics and the middle-high latitudes, but also between different regions over the tropics. Based on the analysis of 5-year band pass filtered data from a 5-layer global spectral model of Jow-ordetwith truncated wavenumber l0,investigation is done of the source of intraseasonal oscillations in the extratropicalmodel atmosphere and its mechanism. Results show that (1) the convective heat transferred eastward alongthe equator serves as the source of the intraseasonal oxillation both in the tropical and the extratropical atmos--phere; (2) the velocity-potential wave of a zonal structure of wavenumber 1 gives rise to oxillation in divergentand convergent wind fields of a dipole-form as seen from the equatorial Indian Ocean to the western Pacificduring its eastward propagation, thus indicating the oscillation in the dipole-form heat soure:e/sink pattertl; (3)the tropical heat-source oscillation is responsible for the variation in phase and intensity of the extratropicalstationary wave train, and the interaction between the oscillating low-frequency inertial gravity and stationaryRossby modes that are probably mechanisms for the oscillations ip the middle-high latitudes.     

新丰江水库区1989年11月26日4.5级地震的主要特征

本文总结分析了发生在新丰江水库老震区，距1962年6.1级主震27年的1次4.5级地震的活动和特点，认为此次4.5级地震及其伴生的小震群仍系新丰江水库诱发地震序列的中晚期强余震。     

甘肃及其邻域地壳中间界面的某些性质

本文根据地壳中间界面上反射波的运动学和动力学参数，探测了地壳中间界面的埋深、复盖介质中波的传播速度、温度、压力、反射性、透过性、弹性等性质。     

银催化HDEA电化学发光法测定矿样中的痕量银

在碱性介质中,痕量Ag(Ⅰ)对新试剂6-(2-羟基-4-二乙基氨苯偶氮)-2,3-二氢-1,4-酞嗪二酮(简称HDEA)的电化学发光具有显著的催化作用。基于此,提出了HDEA-KCI-KOH体系测定矿样中痕量Ag的新方法。方法的检测限为2.0×10~(-8)mol/L Ag,线性范围为5.0×10~(-8)—3.0×10~(-6)mol/L Ag。采用巯基棉富集分离,应用本法测定一些矿样中的Ag,结果良好。     

小试金光谱法同时测定地质样品中超痕量铂钯金

用小试金光谱法同时测定地质样品中低至0·x×10~(-9)级Pt、Pd和Au,包括先用小试金熔炼和灰吹预富集10g样品中的Pt、Pd和Au于1mg的银合粒中,然后把银合粒装入石墨电极同锇-锑合金(ω(Os)=0.06)一起激发,以发射光谱法同时测定它们的含量。小试金法类同经典火试金,但采用纯化过的2PbCO_3·Pb(OH)_2(Pt、Pd和Au的含量皆<0.05 ×10~(-9)代替商品PbO,并且用50ml高铝坩埚在950℃进行熔炼。方法的检出限是Pt0.2×10~(-9),Pd和Au均为0.1×10~(-9)。对于3×10~(-9)的含量,全过程的相对标准偏差(％)是Pt15,Pd11,Au9。此法快速、简便,适用于地质物料的分析。     

一种反映岩浆演化(分异)程度的定量化综合指标——酸度指数(AI)和岩石酸度系列

林宝增同志这篇文章,是对岩浆演化程度进行定量综合研究的一种探索,我们希望广大岩矿研究者验证这个公式的合理性。但这篇文章立论的基本思想还是一元论的岩浆分异作用形成各种不同的岩石。现代岩石学的认识已是多元的,除分异作用外,还有同化作用,岩浆混合作用等,酸度不同的各种岩石不能一概视为岩浆分异作用的产物。对此,我们希望广大读者也来写写你们的实践经验和意见。     

萨拉乌苏河地区地层中的碎屑矿物及其所反映的中更新世末期以来之气候环境变化

文章根据对萨拉乌苏河地区第四纪地层中的碎屑矿物分析结果,将重矿物按其抗化学风化的能力不同分为不稳定、较稳定、稳定和极稳定四种类型,不同层位的重矿物类型的百分含量不同,从而可求出重矿物的风化系数HW。不同时期地层的HW不同,而HW的大小变化与化学风化的程度有很大关系,一般来说,化学风化作用强,HW相应变小。而化学风化作用的强弱又主要受气候的影响,从而可推测该时期气候环境的变化。     

Sepctral Reflectance of Recently Fallen Chondrites and Some Igneous Rocks in China

Polarization and radiation measurements and microwave studies show that the planets and the great majority of asteroids in the solar system are covered by soils similar to regolith on the moon surface.The soils repesent the composition of the asteroids and the geological elements of the planets. The spectral reflectance shows a tendency of decreasing from near ultraviolet,visible to near-infrared in order of LL→L→H→H with increasing Fe^0/Fet rato and toward to absorption for Jilin,Xinyang and Zanoyang ordinary chondrites and Qinzhen enstatite chondrite recently fallen in China,The same chemical group of meteorites feature deeper absorption valleys with increasing metamorphic grade.The spectal reflectance of igneous rocks varies from strong to what is like that of H-group chondrites in order of acid→basic→ultrabasic rocks.