胜利二号极浅海步行坐底式钻井平台防腐措施研究

本文根据胜利二号极浅海步行坐底钻井平台的作业和工作环境特点，进行了防腐措施研究，设计了切合实际的防腐措施。该平台在海上作业近四年进坞修理，经观测防腐情况良好。     

Genetic mechanism and failure process of the Mogangling seismic landslide

This paper presents a case study on the Mogangling landslide and its characteristics and geological mechanism. The Mogangling landslide is a giant rock landslide located at the intersection of Dadu river and Moxi river. It is a landslide triggered by an earthquake with large magnitude that occurred in 18th century. Based on detailed site investigation, it shows the Mogangling landslide developed in the Kangding complex strata, composed of completely decomposed aggregates of massive-block stone, debris and soil with some gravels, pebbles and sand layer found distributed in front of the landslide. The control factor of the deformation of this landslide is the combined effect of Detuo fault which is located under the slope, and the regional stress formed along structural planes as well as the free surfaces formed by river cutting. Therefore, when the Kangding-Moxi earthquake (Ms =7.7) occurred on 1st June, 1786, due to seismic shaking, topographic amplification effects and back slope effects, the Mogangling landslide occurred. The Dadu River is the most important river for hydropower development in China; large-scale seismic landslides along the Dadu River are the most important geological issue during the construction of hydropower stations. Therefore, this research is important from the point of view of economic and social benefits.     

包头市昆都仑水库增雨燃烧炉首次作业的效果分析

通过2009年5月27日包头市昆都仑水库地面增雨燃烧炉作业实况和多普勒天气雷达速度、713天气雷达回波及区域地面自动雨量站资料的对比分析,发现在深厚的层状云系中,适时进行地面燃烧炉增雨作业,可增强区域降水量,提高增雨作业能力。分析结果为指导包头地区地面燃烧炉布点和增雨作业提供了科学依据。     

DETECTION OF FOREST FIRE IN DA HINGGAN LING REGION BY METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE

From May 6 to June 2,1987,a huge forest fire broke out and raged for 28 days in Da Hinggan Lingregion in far Northeast China,causing heavy loss of life and property,which claims the biggest forest firedisaster in Chinese history.The fire drew attention of the whole of China and was also concerned by manyother countries.How were the meteorological satellites used in the detection of the forest fire?This paperelaborates the principles and methods of the fire detection using meteorological satellites,so that to sum upthe experience and to increase the ability of forest fire detection.     

Petroleum Electromagnetic Prospecting Advances and Case Studies in China

Remarkable progress has been made in electromagnetic (EM) techniques as applied to the petroleum industry in instruments, data acquisition, and processing and interpretation in China. Included here is equipment, such as high-power Controlled Source EM (CSEM) acquisition systems, acquisition methods, such as the three dimensional small-bin Continuous Electromagnetic Array acquisition method, Time and Frequency Domain Controlled Source Electromagnetic, Borehole-to-surface Electromagnetic technique and marine magnetotelluric method. Data processing methods, such as fast three dimensional inversion using nonlinear conjugate gradients, and data interpretation methods, like Induced Polarization and Resistivity anomalies for hydrocarbon detection, are also included. These new techniques have been applied in petroleum survey and many cases are in complicated areas. They have successfully served the investigation of deep igneous rock reservoirs, and prediction of potential hydrocarbon targets. The cases indicate that electromagnetic techniques can help seismic survey to effectively detect hydrocarbon reservoir and remarkably improve drilling successes.     

常州市地下水化学特征与成因分析

常州市是长江三角洲地区典型的工业化城市,多年来的快速发展对地下水环境产生了系列影响,地下水化学组分受到天然条件和人为活动的双重因素控制,现状地下水化学成因和影响因素亟需深入研究。本文在地下水赋存条件分析的基础上,综合采用统计分析、离子比值、主成分分析法对常州各层地下水化学特征和成因开展分析。结果表明,区域潜水水化学类型以HCO3-—Ca2+·Mg2+、HCO3-—Ca2+和HCO3-·Cl-—Na+·Ca2+型为主,第Ⅰ承压水以HCO3-—Na+·Ca2+和HCO3-—Ca2+型为主、第Ⅱ承压水以HCO3-—Na+·Ca2+型为主。从浅层至深层,地下水的碱性逐渐增强,ρ(TDS)均值降低,水化学类型由多元向单一转变。地下水化学组分主要受矿物溶解、阳离子交替吸附和人类活动共同影响。其中,潜水和第Ⅰ承压水化学成因主要受控于碳酸盐、硅酸盐、蒸发岩盐和硫酸盐矿物溶解作用,且二者受人类活动影响特征较显著。第Ⅱ、Ⅲ承压水受碳酸盐、硅酸盐矿物溶解和阳离子交替吸附作用明显,人类活动对深层地下水影响甚微。     

冷锋附近地面场中尺度特征及其与强对流天气的关系

本文利用山东潍坊台站提供的山东半岛部分加密测站地面场逐时资料和欧州中期预报中心（ECMWF）的逐日12时（GMT）大尺度纬带网格资料和国家气象局历史天气图，对一次冷锋在地面场的中尺度结构及其与强对能天气的关系和大尺度环境条件进行了诊断．结果发现：沿冷锋产生强天气的锋线附近存在类似于重力惯性波的中尺度波动；锋后中尺度冷高与强天气的分布有关；大尺度环境为强夭气产生提供了有利的条件。     

三次样条函数在海洋水文资料整理中的应用

本文引入三次样条函数插值法,并尝试用于海洋资料处理。根据渤海及北黄海部分海洋站的历史资料进行了试验。用SHARP—PC—1211袖珍计算机进行计算,并将资料处理的结果与传统的过程曲线法订正值作了比较。结果表明,二者之间的误差不大,而样条函数拟合更好。作者认为三次样条函数插值法是可行的,在处理海洋资料时间序列中是有效的。在有温跃层的地方,如何应用,本文也给出了必要的说明。     

汉阴北部吴家湾金矿地质特征及流体包裹体研究

吴家湾金矿是汉阴北部地区的一个重要的金矿床,处于南秦岭石泉-神河韧性滑脱逆冲推覆带。对其进行野外地质研究发现,吴家湾金矿赋矿层位为梅子垭组第一岩性段第四岩性层（S1m14）,岩性主要为含碳绢云片岩夹硅质岩;控矿构造主要为RFa和RFb 2条顺层韧性剪切带,大致可分辨出S1、S2及S3 3期构造面理,S0几乎全部被置换,S2期变形与金矿成矿关系密切,金矿体主要于该期形成的韧性剪切带中产出。在地质研究基础上,可将吴家湾金矿区石英脉划分为3期,对流体包裹体的研究表明,包裹体类型以气液两相包裹体为主,纯气相、纯液相及三相包裹体较少见;均一温度范围介于176.8~344.4℃,集中于230~280℃。盐度范围为0.35%~13.51%,集中于2%~10%,成矿流体属于中-低温、低盐度流体。流体捕获深度在1.38~3.47 km,集中于1.5~2.8 km,于中浅部成矿。S2期石英脉流与成矿关系紧密,流体包裹体均一温度主要集中在240~280℃,为主成矿期流体。激光拉曼光谱分析表明气液两相包裹体液相成分以H2O为主,含少量CO2和CH4;气相成分主要为CO2,其次为CH4、N2及H2S;包裹体类型主要为富含CO2的H2O-CO2体系包裹体。对汉阴北部不同地区流体包裹体的性质进行对比研究后发现,流体包裹体均一温度为190~260℃,盐度为6%~10%,在这个区间内有利于成矿。     

基于遥感的江苏省大陆岸线岸滩时空演变

基于江苏省1984-2016年61景多源遥感影像数据和部分实测潮位、坡度数据,利用遥感技术结合改进的水边线方法提取了多时相的海岸线和平均大潮低潮线,研究了江苏省绣针河口至连兴河口大陆岸线岸滩的时空演变特征。结果表明：1984-2016年,由于海岸带开发,江苏省的海岸线整体以向海推进为主,自然岸线由458.24 km逐渐减少至166.74 km,人工岸线由163.66 km快速增加至598.74 km,大陆岸线长度由621.90 km增加至765.48 km。发生位置和长度变化的岸段中,淤长岸段长127.62 km,年均向海推进83.03 m;围垦岸段长401.21 km,年均向海推进87.63 m;冲刷岸段长71.17 km,年均离海后退10.81 m;围垦被侵蚀岸段长25.95 km,年均离海后退8.64 m。海岸线的空间变化导致江苏省沿海陆地面积净增加104332 hm²,其中由于围垦增加的陆地面积98520 hm²,围垦是陆地面积增加的主要原因。海岸线的离海后退主要发生在废黄河三角洲岸段,但是到2008-2016年,岸线的侵蚀范围已向南扩大至新洋河口至斗龙港岸段。受围垦活动及岸线侵蚀影响,江苏省潮间带坡度不断变陡,统计断面的平均坡度由1.4‰增加至1.9‰,其中废黄河三角洲岸段的中山河口至扁担河口岸段坡度最陡,基本在3~14‰之间;辐射沙洲陆岸岸段坡度最为平缓,但坡度也在逐渐陡化,由0.9‰增加至1.5‰。潮间带面积由271747 hm²减少至168645 hm²,减幅38%;潮间带平均宽度由5064 m减少至3096 m,减幅39%。