北阿尔金喀孜萨依二长花岗岩成因及其构造意义

喀孜萨依二长花岗岩出露于北阿尔金蛇绿混杂岩带北缘,为探讨其成因、源区特征及构造环境,本文对其进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学等方面的研究。研究结果表明,喀孜萨依二长花岗岩主要由石英、斜长石、钾长石、角闪石、黑云母等矿物组成,岩体侵位时代为425～423 Ma,铝饱和指数A/CNK为0.97～1.07,属弱过铝质钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石,P2O5与SiO2含量呈负相关,具I型花岗岩特征。轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损,Eu异常不明显,岩石富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K等元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素。锆石εHf(t)值为+2.65～+6.23,二阶段模式年龄tDM2为1015～1243Ma,其源岩主要来自新生地壳。结合区域构造背景,喀孜萨依二长花岗岩体可能形成于碰撞后伸展环境。     

基于区域气候模式的流域农业干旱成因分析

以湄公河流域为研究区,采用区域气候模式RegCM3为模拟工具,以根系层土壤含水量为代表性指标,对A1B情景下未来研究区月尺度农业干旱进行了预估。基于地表能量平衡原理,系统分析了降水、蒸发、地表温度和根系层土壤含水量等农业干旱主要影响因素与区域气候模式模拟的大气环流、地表感热通量、地表潜热通量、地表净通量之间的联系和变化规律,从气陆间能量和水汽通量平衡角度,对农业干旱发生机理进行了识别。预估结果表明:从年内各月地表净通量和地表温度变化来看,未来春末(6月)和秋末(10月)湄公河流域温度增加明显,且土壤含水量减少也较为明显;同时,这两个时段蒸发旺盛和降水减少的趋势,有可能导致流域局部地区(尤其是非灌溉农业区)农业干旱的发生。     

水面无人艇在水面舰艇编队水下防御的发展展望

为提升水面舰艇编队水下防御能力,构建以水面无人艇为补充的编队水下防御装备体系是未来发展的重要方向。在总结国内外水面无人艇现状及发展趋势的基础上,分析了无人艇的发展必要性,结合水面舰艇编队防御鱼雷攻击的任务需求,开展了水面无人艇作战使用方法研究,并对其对抗效能进行了仿真分析评估。相关研究成果可牵引水面无人艇在水下信息对抗领域的发展与应用。     

珠江口盆地白云凹陷新生代构造-热演化模拟

珠江口盆地是我国海洋油气勘探的重点区域,白云凹陷是珠江口盆地内最大新生代凹陷,具有齐全的新生代地层及丰富的钻井地震资料,是构造-热演化模拟研究的理想区域.本文基于多期次非瞬时伸展模型,选取白云凹陷6条地震解释剖面进行新生代构造-热演化模拟,以揭示白云凹陷热演化的时空差异性,为探讨珠江口盆地演化机制及深部动力学过程提供依据.模拟结果表明:白云凹陷经历了两期拉张过程,第一期(47.8～33.9 Ma)拉张自始新世发生,凹陷中心及白云西洼拉张强度高,基底古热流快速上升,最高达到～80 mW·m^-2;第二期(23～13.8 Ma)拉张发生于中新世,此次拉张在白云凹陷南部更强烈,白云凹陷基底主体在13.8 Ma达到最高古热流～100 mW·m^-2,此后基底热流值一直缓慢下降,逐渐接近稳态.白云凹陷拉张强度总体呈现西高东低,中间高、边缘低,北部一期高,南部二期高.第一期拉张主要受裂陷期强烈的裂谷作用控制,而伸展作用重启和高速层引起的"下地壳流"的共同作用可能是造成第二期拉张(裂后异常沉降)的主要动力学机制.     

甘肃宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群特征及古生态、古气候研究

本文对甘肃宝积山盆地窑街组植物大化石进行了系统研究,经鉴定共有19属50种,结合已有的宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物化石资料,发现甘肃宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群由27属73种组成。其中,银杏类植物10属30种,真蕨类植物5属26种,松柏类植物5属6种,楔叶类植物3属5种,苏铁类植物2属4种,裸子植物球果和种子化石2属2种。基于当前植物群组成特征,对植物化石埋藏学特性进行分析,确定植物化石主要为原地埋藏或亚原地埋藏,少数属种为异地埋藏,并通过对化石类群古生态特征进行分析,结合现生植物的生存环境,初步重建了宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群落,划分为四个植物群落:岸边—湿地楔叶类植物群落、低地蕨类—苏铁类植物群落、坡地银杏类植物群落和高地松柏类植物群落。通过对植物群组成特征和植物化石叶相特征的统计分析,并与其他气候带植物群特征进行对比,推断中侏罗世时期甘肃宝积山盆地为温暖潮湿的暖温带气候。     

INTEGRAL serendipitous detection of the gamma-ray microquasar LS 5039

LS 5039 is the only X-ray binary persistently detected at TeV energies by the Cherenkov HESS telescope. It is moreover a γ-ray emitter in the GeV and possibly MeV energy ranges. To understand important aspects of jet physics, like the magnetic field content or particle acceleration, and emission processes, such as synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC), a complete modeling of the multiwavelength data is necessary. LS 5039 has been detected along almost all the electromagnetic spectrum thanks to several radio, infrared, optical and soft X-ray detections. However, hard X-ray detections above 20 keV have been so far elusive and/or doubtful, partly due to source confusion for the poor spatial resolution of hard X-ray instruments. We report here on deep (∼300 ks) serendipitous INTEGRAL hard X-ray observations of LS 5039, coupled with simultaneous VLA radio observations. We obtain a 20–40 keV flux of 1.1±0.3 mCrab (5.9 (±1.6) ×10⁻¹² erg cm⁻² s⁻¹), a 40–100 keV upper limit of 1.5 mCrab (9.5×10⁻¹² erg cm⁻² s⁻¹), and typical radio flux densities of ∼25 mJy at 5 GHz. These hard X-ray fluxes are significantly lower than previous estimates obtained with BATSE in the same energy range but, in the lower interval, agree with extrapolation of previous RXTE measurements. The INTEGRAL observations also hint to a break in the spectral behavior at hard X-rays. A more sensitive characterization of the hard X-ray spectrum of LS 5039 from 20 to 100 keV could therefore constrain key aspects of the jet physics, like the relativistic particle spectrum and the magnetic field strength. Future multiwavelength observations would allow to establish whether such hard X-ray synchrotron emission is produced by the same population of relativistic electrons as those presumably producing TeV emission through IC.     

Gravitational collapse of gas clouds with spherical,cylindrical or plane symmetry in the linear wave flow approximation

The equations of gas dynamics are solved, quasi-analytically by applying McVittie's method for spherical, cylindrical and plane configurations. The hypothesis of linear wave flow is applied and it is assumed that the final state of collapsing clouds is a hydrostatic equilibrium state, determined by complete polytropes. Complete analytical solutions are found when the generalized (to the three symmetries) Emden equation admits of analytical solutions. Otherwise the solutions are left in terms of the numerical solutions of the Emden equation. Numerical solutions to the Emden equation in the plane case are found and tabulated. A strong dependence of amplification, of density, pressure and temperature of the gas, on the symmetry is found. In addition, it is conclude that the flow remains subsonic, during the collapse, except toward the boundaries of the collapsing clouds.     

世纪圣旅--来自辽西"热河生物群"的报告(中篇)

第四章 一位杰出科学家的不倦追求 一位后辈才俊的传奇经历 一个农家小院的不灭灯火 命里注定,侯连海只能把事业的辉煌写在后半生,因为他的前半生处在中国不需要古鸟类的年代.     

Palynological dating (Arenig) of the sedimentary sequence overlying the Ishkarwaz Granite (upper Yarkhun valley, Chitral, Pakistan)

A sedimentary sequence overlying a granite pluton near Ishkarwaz (upper Yarkhun valley, Chitral, Pakistan; Karakorum Microplate) contains abundant, but poorly preserved, acritarchs probably referable to the late early Arenig-early late Arenig interval. The palynological assemblages of Karakorum show a marked similarity to the cold water Peri-Gondwana assemblages; i.e. to those of Li Jun's Arbusculidium-Coryphidium-Striatotheca 'Mediterranean' Bioprovince. Biogeographical and geological comparisons suggest that, before the accretion of Cimmerian microplates to the Eurasian continent, the Karakorum Microplate was located along the northern margin of Gondwana in a latitude intermediate between the Mediterranean region and South China (Yangtze Platform).