中国东北南部地区冬季气温异常的海气背景分析

利用1951—2005年中国沈阳、通化、营口、丹东气温和北半球500 hPa高度及北太平洋海温资料,分析了中国东北南部地区冬季气温的异常变化及其海气背景。结果表明:中国东北南部地区冬季气温具有明显的年代际变化特征;冬季异常冷暖年份,其同期与前期500 hPa高度和海温距平场分布具有明显不同;前期春季(3—5月)贝加尔湖高压和西太平洋副热带高压的强弱变化,西风漂流区海温、赤道东太平洋关键区海温及2个海区海温距平差,对中国东北南部地区冬季气温的异常变化均具有较好的预测指示意义。前期夏季(7—9月)赤道东太平洋关键区海温对中国东北南部地区冬季气温异常变化具有指示性。     

多源降水预报集成技术应用研究

基于欧洲中期天气预报中心全球高分辨率预报模式ECMWF、中国自主研发的新一代业务化区域数值模式GRAPES_Meso和WRF中国全国区域预报模式的降水预报结果进行未来3 d降水集成预报.以中国地面—卫星—雷达三源融合逐时降水格点产品(CMPA-Hourly,V2.0)作为"观测值"进行建模,采用消除偏差多模式平均法和基...     

反循环钻头引射孔倾角的仿真分析

介绍了引射装置的工作原理及其在反循环取心钻头体上的应用。运用FLUENT流体工程仿真软件对30°、45°、60°3种不同倾角引射孔内部形成的负压进行模拟,得到对应压力分布云图与数值,并根据所得结论制造出带有3种角度的引射装置。实验室试验数据与仿真结果比较,二者基本吻合。这说明运用仿真技术对引射结构进行优化设计是可靠的,并且过程简单,与经验法和试验法相比,其成本低,周期短,结论更准确。      

The deep thermal structure of the lithosphere in the northwestern South China Sea and its control on the shallow tectonics

The northwestern sub-basin of South China Sea(SCS) is a unique tectonic unit formed in the early spreading of the SCS. The northwestern Sub-basin has a series of complex geological structures such as seamounts and fault zones surrounded by the Xisha Trough, the Zhongsha Massif, and the Pearl River Valley. These extensional structures and magmatic activity in the northwestern sub-basin are closely related to the lithospheric structure and its deformation. However, details of the deep lithosphere structure are still poorly known. Here, we obtained detailed data of water and Moho depth using sonar buoys,Extended Spread Profiles(ESP), Ocean Bottom Seismometer(OBS), both Multi-beam and land-sea joint seismic surveys in the northwestern sub-basin and its surrounding areas. Then we adopted a thermal isostasy method to calculate the depth of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary(LAB) in the northwestern sub-basin of the SCS and its surrounding regions. Results show that the range of LAB depth is ～25–110 km. The shallowest burial depth is 25–60 km occurring in the ocean basin. The depth increases to 60–110 km toward the continental margin. The lithospheric structure on the north and south sides of the Xisha Trough is symmetrical and shows the deep structure and thermal features of aborted rifts. The LAB depth in the Zhongsha Trough and the Zhongsha Massif increased from 60 to 70 km southwestwards, consistent with the trend of surface morphology.The LAB depth to the west side of the Pearl River Valley is 60–80 km, and the thinning of the lithosphere is related to the distribution of faults, depressions and the magmatic activity. The LAB depth in the northwestern sub-basin and the eastern subbasin is less than 60 km with the thinnest part being less than 46 km. Combining ocean drilling, seismic investigation, and seafloor topography, we show that the ocean basin of the northwestern sub-basin of the SCS locates within the 46 km isobath of the LAB. The formation of the rifted valleys and discrete blocks surrounding the ocean basins is both controlled by the regional tectonic movement and the deep thermal state, where their lithospheric structures show strong heterogeneity.     

新的构造控矿类型——螺旋构造控矿

概括天宝山新兴角砾岩筒铅锌矿,山东七宝火山岩型金矿,安徽铜陵凤凰山铜矿,辽宁簸箕山磷矿,辽宁清源红透山铜(锌)矿等构造控矿实例的解读,表明它们可建立一种新的构造控矿类型——螺旋构造控矿。受幔团螺旋运动上冲的地幔热柱多级浸演化的幔枝构造制约。     

三十年来水文地质工程地质研究工作的回顾与展望

本文详尽叙述了水文地质工程地质研究所成立三十年来研究工作发展的简史,在对我国水文地质、工程地质基础研究方面所做出的贡献,在承担国家重大项目中,在为国民经济建设服务中所起的重要作用。我国水文地质研究程度、水文地质编图、地下水资源评价及地面沉降研究等,已达到或接近世界先进水平。     

渤海湾盆地石炭纪—二叠纪煤的有机组分红外光谱研究

通过对渤海湾盆地石炭纪－二叠纪煤中主要有机组分进行显微傅里叶红外分析,揭示了孢子体,角质体,树脂体及基质镜质体等有机组分化学组成,结构的特点和对油气形成贡献的差异。结果表明,角质体,树脂体和孢子体都具有富氢指数高,富氧指数低的特点,但树脂体对油气生成的贡献更大而且时间较早,孢子体较差而且时间较晚,就基质镜质体而言,晚石炭世太原组（Ｃ２ｔ）煤比早二叠世山西组（Ｐ１ｓ）煤富氢指数高,富脂链参数也大,表     

相山铀矿田典型蚀变矿物地面光谱特征研究

利用光谱特征进行岩石矿物分析受到了国内外研究者的广泛关注,大多数蚀变矿物如赤铁矿、水云母等在可见光-近红外-短波红外波段具有诊断性强的波谱特征。因此,利用典型岩石矿物光谱特征可为矿产资源勘查与评价提供一种新的手段和方法。本文对相山铀矿田蚀变矿物进行光谱测量,经数据处理获得了不同典型蚀变岩石矿物的反射率光谱曲线。通过对这些光谱曲线特征的分析研究,提出了影响岩石矿物反射率的因素,探讨了水云母、萤石、赤铁矿等典型蚀变岩石的反射率曲线特征,并建立了相应的典型蚀变矿物光谱识别模型。     

覆盖型岩溶潜蚀塌陷临界裂隙开度模型试验研究

通过模型试验和理论分析,研究了裂隙开度对覆盖型岩溶潜蚀塌陷的影响及其变化规律。结果表明,临界裂隙开度是覆盖型潜蚀塌陷的关键控制因素,受覆盖层土质、密实度、临界水力梯度等因素的影响,初步提出了临界裂隙开度的估算方法。     

吐哈盆地南缘彩霞山东石英闪长岩岩株锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年

彩霞山东石英闪长岩岩株的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为267.8Ma±1.6Ma,结合克孜尔塔格岩体的同位素年龄综合分析,此年龄值介于王瑜等所研究剪切作用控制的克孜尔塔格岩体右行剪切年龄276～254Ma之间,表明该石英闪长岩岩株的侵位年龄比克孜尔塔格复式岩体晚,为中二叠世早期.