全文获取类型
收费全文 | 33402篇 |
免费 | 633篇 |
国内免费 | 399篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 784篇 |
大气科学 | 2584篇 |
地球物理 | 7311篇 |
地质学 | 11722篇 |
海洋学 | 2772篇 |
天文学 | 6505篇 |
综合类 | 74篇 |
自然地理 | 2682篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 219篇 |
2020年 | 281篇 |
2019年 | 271篇 |
2018年 | 485篇 |
2017年 | 454篇 |
2016年 | 657篇 |
2015年 | 495篇 |
2014年 | 665篇 |
2013年 | 1630篇 |
2012年 | 765篇 |
2011年 | 1158篇 |
2010年 | 992篇 |
2009年 | 1336篇 |
2008年 | 1206篇 |
2007年 | 1182篇 |
2006年 | 1155篇 |
2005年 | 995篇 |
2004年 | 1013篇 |
2003年 | 991篇 |
2002年 | 935篇 |
2001年 | 783篇 |
2000年 | 813篇 |
1999年 | 725篇 |
1998年 | 693篇 |
1997年 | 693篇 |
1996年 | 594篇 |
1995年 | 590篇 |
1994年 | 552篇 |
1993年 | 498篇 |
1992年 | 475篇 |
1991年 | 398篇 |
1990年 | 469篇 |
1989年 | 370篇 |
1988年 | 415篇 |
1987年 | 465篇 |
1986年 | 399篇 |
1985年 | 591篇 |
1984年 | 638篇 |
1983年 | 644篇 |
1982年 | 525篇 |
1981年 | 495篇 |
1980年 | 491篇 |
1979年 | 445篇 |
1978年 | 459篇 |
1977年 | 407篇 |
1976年 | 440篇 |
1975年 | 408篇 |
1974年 | 432篇 |
1973年 | 429篇 |
1972年 | 264篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
A. Maher W. S. Douglas D. Yang F. Jafari V. R. Schaefer 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):221-235
A preliminary study was conducted to determine the potential for cement deep soil mixing (CDSM) technology as a method for in-situ solidification of contaminated river and estuarine sediments. The study was conducted in Newark Bay, near the mouth of the Passaic River, New Jersey. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the viability of CDSM for the in-situ S/S with a focus on: 1) determining the correct mix of the cement slurry, which provides rapid stabilization of the sediment matrix, 2) potential resuspension of solids during CSDM operations, 3) the effects of high organic content on the solidification process, and 4) the feasibility of using conventional dredging/extraction methods once the sediments have been stabilized and allowed to cure. The results of the study show CDSM slurry mixtures, as low as 7% in cement content, result in significant solidification and strength gain of in-situ sediments under ambient conditions. In sediments with very high organic contents (> 20%), the slurry mix would need to be adjusted to account for retardation effects of organics on cement hydration. Sediment resuspension during application was shown to be minimal at a distance of as little as 75 feet from the mixing head. Strength gains were considerable, effectively consolidating the sediment particles in a secure matrix, but not so high as to preclude extraction of solidified sediments with conventional dredging equipment. Dredged solidified sediment exhibited characteristics of a stiff glacial clay, and as such was easier to handle and transport than untreated dredged sediments. This technique has high potential to be used as an interim remedial measure prior to either extraction and decontamination/disposal or proper capping. 相似文献
992.
The geochemical composition of phosphorites and phosphatic sediments in the Baja California peninsula is studied and used to assess the environment in which phosphogenesis took place. The deposits are classified in three groups: (1) stratified phosphorites, (2) phosphatic sandy sediments from beaches and dunes, and (3) submarine sediments. Some of the elements that might have substituted Ca and PO4 during francolite mineralization were studied by means of ICP-AES. Significant differences are seen in the concentration of these metals (e.g., Cr = 72-406 μg g?1 and V = 17-198 μg g?1), indicating that their concentration is not only controlled by the P2O5 concentration, but also by paleo-environmental conditions existing during francolite precipitation. Shale normalized REE patterns suggest two main environments of formation: (1) a strong negative Ce anomaly (< ? 0.3) and La enrichment (La/Nd ≥ 1) enrichment, suggesting well oxygenated shelf environments and probably lower light REE weathering, and (2) a weak negative Ce anomaly (> ? 0.3) and La depletion (La/Nd ≤ 1) suggesting shallower waters or restricted circulation and probably LREE weathering. 相似文献
993.
Abstract The use of marine high‐resolution geophysical profiling data, seafloor soil samples, and accepted land‐based methods of analysis have provided a means of assessing the regional geotechnical conditions and relative slope stability of the portion of the Gulf of Alaska Continental Margin known as the Kodiak Shelf. Eight distinct types of soils were recognized in the study; the seafloor distribution of these indicates a complex geotechnical setting. Each soil unit was interpreted as having a distinct suite of geotechnical properties and potential foundation engineering problems. Seven categories of relative slope stability were defined and mapped. These categories range from “highest stability”; to “lowest stability,”; and are based on the degree of slope of the seafloor, type of soil underlying the slope, and evidence of mass movement. The results of the analysis indicate that the highest potential for soil failure exists on (1) the slopes forming boundaries between the submarine banks and the broad sea valleys, and (2) the upper portion of the continental slope, where evidence of past slope failure is common. Also of concern are gently sloping areas near the edges of submarine banks where evidence of possible tension cracks and slow downhill creep was found. 相似文献
994.
以哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)为重点的鱼类细菌病原的诊断与控制(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
作者对鱼类细菌病原的诊断与控制作了较全面的综述。细菌病原诊断技术包括酶联免疫吸附技术(ELISA)及蛋白印迹法(Westernbloting)。细菌病原控制技术包括化学疗剂的应用,有益微生物的应用,营养添加剂,β-葡萄糖苷增强免疫抗病力,及免疫保护作用等。 相似文献
995.
Acoustic reflection signatures of four hydro-carbon seeps were classified using near-bottom 25-kHz echosounder profiles.
Echo patterns were compared with ground-truth data obtained by submersible observations and shallow coring. Six echo types
were distinguished: strong reflections from (1) exposed or (2) buried hard substrates, such as authigenic carbonate or gas
hydrate; acoustic scattering in (3) unlayered or (4) layered sediments owing to gas, shells, or disseminated carbonates; (5) attenuation
caused by gas; and (6) undisturbed sediments. Echo type distributions suggest that high spatial variability indicates a younger,
vigorous seep, whereas extensive hard substrate implies an older, encrusted seep.
Received: 29 May 1998 / Revision received: 7 October 1998 相似文献
996.
The east and northeast Brazil shelves of the Southwest Atlantic harbor some unique conditions for tropical passive margins
with western boundary currents. The narrow and open shelf is almost entirely covered by carbonate sediments due to little
freshwater input and the coast is impacted by the South Equatorial Current (SEC). The wide Abrolhos bank of the east Brazil
shelf, presents more diverse conditions, as it forms a physical barrier to the Brazil Current, and upwelling and land input
become more significant. The main characteristics of the coast and shelf and findings on biogeochemical, sedimentation, and
paleoceanographical processes, addressed by the Joint Oceanographic Projects (JOPS) campaigns, are summarized. 相似文献
997.
Monthly Variations of Water Masses in the Yellow and East China Seas, November 6, 1998 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The monthly water mass variations in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are investigated using over 40 years of historical
temperature and salinity observations via a cluster analysis that incorporates geographical distance and depth separation
in addition to the temperature and salinity. Results delineate monthly variations in the major water masses and provide some
insight into formation mechanisms and intermixing. The major water masses include the Kuroshio-East China Sea water (KE),
the Yellow Sea surface water (YSS) and bottom cold water (YSB), mixed water (MW), and coastal water (CW). The distribution
of the KE water mass reveals the intrusion pattern into the area west of Cheju. A separate mixed water type appears between
the KE water mass and the Yellow Sea water masses during winter. The formation mechanism of the YSB appears to be the surface
cooling and active mixing in winter. In the East China Sea, during summer, surface water is differentiated from the subsurface
water while there is no differentiation during winter. In the Yellow Sea, a three layer system exists in the summer and fall
(May–November) while a two layer system exists during the rest of the year. A fresh water mass generated by Yangtze River
discharge (YD) is present over the northern East China Sea and the southern Yellow Sea during summer.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
998.
Seawater samples were collected in the North Pacific along 175°E during a cruise of the Northwest Pacific Carbon Cycle Study (NOPACCS) program in 1994. Many properties related to the carbonate system were analyzed. By using well-known ratios to correct for chemical changes in seawater, the CO2 concentration at a given depth was back calculated to its initial concentration at the time when the water left the surface in winter. We estimated sea-surface CO2 and titration alkalinity (TA) in present-day winter, from which we evaluated the degree of air-sea CO2 disequilibrium in winter was. Using a correction factor for air-sea CO2 disequilibrium in winter, we reconstructed sea-surface CO2 in pre-industrial times. The difference between the back-calculated initial CO2 and sea-surface CO2 in pre-industrial times should correspond to anthropgenic CO2 input. Although the mixing of different water masses may cause systematic error in the calculation, we found that the nonlinear effect induced by the mixing of different water masses was negligible in the upper layer of the North Pacific subtropical gyre along 175°E. The results of our improved method of assessing the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 in that region show marked differences from those obtained using the previous back-calculation method. 相似文献
999.
Scanning and transmission electron microscopic analyses of shale samples from offshore Louisiana, USA, Gulf of Mexico, reveal
the relationship between mineralogical and microfabric changes during burial diagenesis. The local geopressured zone begins
at 2200-m depth. Above that depth the shales are smectite-rich, generally lack particle orientation, and contain appreciable
pores. Below the 2200-m depth, the shales become more illite-rich with increasing burial, more crystalline, and less porous.
Microfabric changes are mainly caused by compaction during burial diagenesis; mineralogical changes (smectite-to-illite) and
crystal growth also play an important role in fabric alteration during deep burial diagenesis.
Received: 12 May 1998 / Revision received: 14 July 1998 相似文献
1000.
Radiocarbon and total carbonate data were obtained near the 1973 GEOSECS stations in the North Pacific along 30°N and along 175°E between 1993 and 1994. In these stations, we estimated radiocarbon originating from atomic bomb tests using tritium, trichlorofluoromethane and silicate contents. The average penetration depth of bomb radiocarbon during the two decades has deepened from 900 m to 1300 m. Bomb radiocarbon inventories above the average value for the whole North Pacific were found widely in the western subtropical region around 30°N both in the 1970s and 1990s, and its area in the 1990s was broader than that in the 1970s. In most of the North Pacific, while the bomb radiocarbon has decreased above 25.4, the bomb radiocarbon flux below 25.4 was over 1 × 1012 atom m-2yr-1 in the subtropical region around 30°N. In the tropical area south of 20°N, the bomb radiocarbon inventory below 25.4 increased from zero to over 10 × 1012 atom m-2 during the last three decades. These distributions suggest that the bomb radiocarbon removed from the surface is currently accumulated with bomb 14C flux of over 1 × 1012 atom m-2yr-1 below 25.4 in the subtropical region, mainly by advection from the higher latitude, and that part of the accumulated bomb 14C gradually spread southward with about 30 years. 相似文献