升降轨PSInSAR地面沉降监测结果的互检验与时序融合

升降轨PSInSAR时序分析获得的同一地区2组监测结果分别为升轨和降轨下的地表形变速率与累积变形量。针对研究区地面以下沉为主,水平方向变形极为微小的特点,将视线向(line of sight,LOS)变形转换为垂向的下沉值,以此进行升降轨模式下2组观测值的比较与精度检验。在此基础上,将相干目标的2组观测序列数据融合以实现加密观测。研究结果表明:升降轨模式下沉降速率观测值的互检验精度优于2 mm;2组观测序列数据的融合结果进一步揭示了相干目标在时域上的非线性沉降特征。     

松辽盆地红岗北地区扶余油层岩性油藏储层特征及其主控因素分析

通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定、物性分析和扫描电镜观察等技术手段,研究了松辽盆地红岗北地区扶余油层岩性油藏储层的沉积特征、岩石学特征、物性特征、孔隙类型、结构特征及成岩作用特征,并进一步分析了储层主控因素。研究结果表明:红岗北地区扶余油层岩性油藏储层主要是顺源带状展布的(水下)分流河道微相及河口坝微相砂体,岩性主要以长石岩屑砂岩、粉砂岩为主,属于低—特低孔、低—特低渗储层,成岩阶段处于晚成岩A2段。储层物性主要受控于成岩作用和沉积微相,压实和胶结作用使储层孔隙度大量丧失、物性变差,而溶蚀作用产生次生孔隙使储层物性得到改善;不同沉积微相类型的储层物性差异较大,分流河道微相和河口坝(或席状砂主体)微相是油气聚集的有利相带。     

Calculated Porosity of Volcanic Reservoir in Wangjiatun of the Northern Songliao Basin, NE China

1IntroductionVolcanic reservoirs are widespread in basins from China to the world,such as Songliao Basin,Subei Basin,Bohaiwan Basin, etc in China(Chen,1988;Chen and Li,1996;Dai and Jiang,1997;Dong,1988). As deeper study of volcanic reser-voirs,its calculated porosity is a difficult point for the appraisal of volcanic reservoirs (Dong,1991;Fujita-Yoshihiko,1985;Guo and Liu,1997;He,1999;Li,1999;Liu,1998;Luo and Shi,1996;Tang,1988;Uchida,1992;Wang,1997;Wang,1991;Yan and Yu,1996). Its …     

A Method for Determining Sedimentary Micro-Facies Belts Automatically

1IntroductionThe method is to find the boundary of distribu-tion of sedimentary micro-facies and draw the map of sedimentary belts based on known data of sedi-mentary facies from each layer(strata unit or sedi-mentary unit) of each well in a specific area. It is important to understand the distribution of sedimentary micro-facies. Generally determining the distribution of sedimentary facies is a primary and hard job in the stage of oil-field development. At the scale of sedimentary micro-f…     

Co-seismic Water Level and Temperature Responses of Some Wells to Far-Field Strong Earthquakes and Their Mechanisms

The observation of water temperature in deep wells has been carried out for more than 20 years in China.However,study on the mechanism of water temperature response to earthquakes is inadequate.During the study of the co-seismic response characteristics of water level and temperature in 121 wells within the China subsurface fluid monitoring network at the time of the December 26,2004,M-S8.7 Indonesia earthquake,we found regular response characteristics,that is,when the water level in a deep well oscillates,the water temperature in the same well will mostly experience a cycle from dropping to restoration at the same time.The process will continue for dozens of minutes to several hours.In order to confirm the observed phenomenon,we collected the digital water level and temperature observation data for 39 far-field strong earthquakes from the Tangshan well in Hebei Province(with the data set beginning in 2001).The same response characteristics were observed.Based on the analysis of the influencing factors that may cause the water temperature drop,the authors suggest the gas escape mechanism for co-seismic water temperature drop and posit two main factors that influence the water temperature drop during the process of gas escape.Finally,the authors provide a rational explanation of some observed phenomena based on the mechanism.     

西部艰险地区水源地选址研究

为了在西部艰险地区实现军用水源地快速选址,选取地形、岩性、地貌及汇流累积量作为影响地下水富集的赋存条件因子,以土壤湿度、地表温度和植被覆盖度作为地表指示因子,以地貌作为军事防护因子进行研究。充分发挥利用遥感数据进行大范围水源地选址的优势,结合研究区地质资料进行图像解译和上述因子信息提取,建立具有不同层次结构的水源地选址评估指数模型。通过实地调查对模型进行验证,结果表明该评估指数模型预测结果可靠,适用于该地区军用水源地选址。     

刘家峡黄河巨龙:中国甘肃兰州盆地下白垩统河口群一新蜥脚类恐龙化石

本文记述了2004年发现于甘肃兰州盆地下白垩统河口群一个化石点的蜥脚类恐龙化石。新标本的荐椎独特,神经脊非常低并在其顶端横向扩展,代表蜥脚类恐龙一新属种刘家峡黄河巨龙。分支系统分析发现黄河巨龙为一原始巨龙型类蜥脚类。     

葡西地区油气储层泥质与粘土含量的计算方法研究

泥质和粘土含量是储层评价中很关键的参数,但是其解释精度一直难有很大的提高。以大庆油田西部地区的储层为例,研究了提高解释精度的方法。首先对粒度和X衍射粘土分析数据的用途和质量检查方法进行讨论。对自然伽马、自然电位等多种方法计算泥质含量的效果进行了对比,筛选了适合本区的解释方法。在此基础上,进一步对砂岩、泥岩参数的选取方法进行了研究,提出了变砂岩参数和分层平均方法。应用结果表明,在研究的区域,采用本文论述的方法计算泥质含量和粘土含量,比以往的解释精度有了大幅度的提高。     

五氯苯酚在矿物表面吸附——实验、表面反应模式及其环境意义

利用批量平衡技术研究了石英、高岭石、伊利石、蒙脱石和铁氧化物对五氯苯酚(PCP)吸附的pH关系等温线和浓度关系等温线,发现所有矿物的pH关系等温线都表现出典型的峰形曲线特征,峰位在pH=5～6之间,依矿物不同而不同。基于矿物表面羟基位化合态和PCP的化合态考虑,提出一种包含表面络合反应和表面静电吸附反应的模式,对pH关系等温线计算拟合发现有很好的相关性。模式计算还表明,石英和层状硅酸盐矿物对PCP吸附以表面络合反应为主,而氧化铁矿物则包含表面络合反应和表面静电吸附反应,但以后者占主导,其反应平衡常数比前者大1～3个数量级。高岭石和氧化铁矿物的浓度吸附等温线可用Langmuir方程很好拟合,最大吸附量的大小顺序是赤铁矿>纤铁矿>针铁矿>高岭石>石英>蒙脱石≈伊利石,并可以用矿物表面羟基位浓度和反应机制加以解释。PCP在矿物表面可观的吸附量说明矿物表面吸附对憎水性可离解有机化合物(HIOCs)在天然水相体系和沉积中的迁移转化过程起着相当重要的作用。     

火山岩天然气藏地质储量参数的确定方法

大庆油田东部深层某井区火山岩气藏岩性复杂、储层参数计算以及流体性质识别困难。根据岩性组合规律建立火山岩解释模型,对深层的火山岩测井资料进行处理与解释。联合使用成像测井分析结果、岩性分类和多井对比等方法,提高了测井解释精度和解释符合率。计算的孔隙度、饱和度和渗透率为提交天然气地质储量提供了基础参数。