New interpretation on the provenance changes of the upper Pinghu–lower Huagang Formation within Xihu Depression,East China Sea Shelf Basin

Both Pinghu and Huagang formations are important hydrocarbon reservoirs of the Xihu Depression in the East China Sea Shelf Basin. Clarifying the source suppliers and restoring source-to-sink transport routes are of great significance to the future petroleum and gas undertakings. Previous researchers were largely confined by either limitation of geological records, highly dependence on a singular method or low-precision dating techniques. Our study integrated heavy mineral assemblages, geochemica...     

Early Cenozoic paleontological assemblages and provenance evolution of the Lishui Sag,East China Sea

The East China Sea Shelf Basin generated a series of back-arc basins with thick successions of marine- and terrestrial-facies sediments during Cenozoic. It is enriched with abundant oil and gas resources and is of great significance to the petroleum exploration undertakings. Therein, the Lishui Sag formed fan delta, fluvial delta and littoral-to-neritic facies sediments during Paleocene–Eocene, and the research on its sedimentary environment and sediment source was controversial. This study analyzed the paleontological combination characteristics, and conducted a source-to-sink comparative analysis to restore the sedimentary environment and provenance evolution of the Lishui Sag during Paleocene–Eocene based on the integration of detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra patterns with paleontological assemblages. The results indicated that Lishui Sag was dominated by littoral and neritic-facies environment during time corroborated by large abundance of foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils and dinoflagellates. Chronological analysis of detrital zircon U-Pb revealed that there were significant differences in sediment sources between the east and west area of the Lishui Sag. The western area was featured by deeper water depths in the Paleocene–Eocene, and the sediment was characterized by a single Yanshanian peak of zircon U-Pb age spectra, and mainly influenced from Yanshanian magmatic rocks of South China Coast and the surrounding paleo-uplifts. However, its eastern area partly showed Indosinian populations. In particular, the upper Eocene Wenzhou sediments were featured by increasingly plentiful Precambrian zircons in addition to the large Indosinian-Yanshanian peaks, indicating a possible impact from the Yushan Low Uplift to the east. Therefore, it is likely that the eastern Lishui Sag generated large river systems as well as deltas during time. Due to the Yuquan Movement, the Lishui Sag experienced uplifting and exhumation in the late stage of the late Eocene and was not deposited with sediments until Miocene. Featured by transitional-facies depositions of Paleocene–Eocene, the Lishui Sag thus beared significant potential for source rock and oil-gas reservoir accumulation.     

徐仕宏治疗急性加重期COPD用药规律探析

目的：采用数据挖掘的方法分析徐仕宏治疗急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的用药规律。方法：收集2020年6月1日至2021年5月31日徐仕宏门诊诊治的急性加重期COPD病案,对处方药物进行频数、关联规则、聚类等分析。结果：共筛选出101首处方,包含中药127味。使用频次排前10位的中药分别为黄芩、桔梗、麻黄、紫菀、百部、金银花、甘草、杏仁、鱼腥草和黄连。关联规则分析结果显示,使用频次较高的药物组合有黄芩-石膏、麻黄-矮地茶、黄芩-黄连;黄芩-黄连-杏仁、黄芩-石膏-黄连、黄芩-石膏-紫菀;黄芩-黄连-杏仁-百部、黄芩-黄连-杏仁-麻黄、黄芩-黄连-杏仁-桔梗。对出现频次≥20次的药物进行聚类分析,挖掘出常用药对8对,可将药物聚为4类,总结出2首新处方：紫菀、百部、款冬花、麻黄、杏仁、矮地茶、鸡矢藤、黄连、石膏、金银花、穿心莲、荆芥、防风、豆蔻仁;射干、板蓝根、远志、鱼腥草。结论：徐仕宏主任医师治疗急性加重期COPD以清热化痰、宣降肺气、止咳平喘为基本治法,并重视肺胃同治,同时顾护肺阴。     

莱州湾夏季环流垂向结构及其影响机制的研究

完善莱州湾三维环流结构,对进一步认识莱州湾海域的物质输运和生态环境保护具有重要科学意义,但前人对于莱州湾环流三维结构的研究相对较少。本文基于一套高分辨率的海洋数值模式,从三维角度研究了莱州湾夏季8月份环流的气候态特征及其影响机制。数值研究表明,莱州湾夏季环流垂向结构呈现双层环流特征,其中在跨等深线方向,环流的双层结构环流特征比较显著且存在显著的密度锋面结构。动量诊断的结果进一步表明,这种双层结构环流的形成与底层密度锋面所导致的斜压梯度力密切相关。此外,通过量化温盐场对于密度锋面的贡献,本文证实了温度梯度是莱州湾顶的密度锋面的主要影响因素,其对斜压梯度力的贡献占比达到99%,而盐度梯度对于莱州湾中部区域的密度锋面十分重要,对斜压梯度力的贡献占比达到58%,这与夏季黄河所带来的淡水通量密切相关。     

菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)蛋白聚糖的分离提取及其抗肿瘤活性的初步研究

采用凝胶过滤层析、SDS-PAGE电泳、Bradford法和苯酚-硫酸法等生物化学方法对菲律宾蛤仔中的蛋白聚糖(PG1和PG2)进行分离纯化,研究其理化性质。采用MTT方法研究蛋白聚糖对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721和人正常肝细胞HL-7702生长的影响。通过小鼠体内实验研究蛋白聚糖的抗肿瘤活性和对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,PG1分子量大约为20kDa,多糖含量为70.09%,蛋白质含量为15.4%。PG2的多糖含量为82.53%,蛋白质含量为7.26%。PG1在200μg/ml浓度时对SMMC-7721的生长抑制率为73.30%,随浓度的升高,抑制率并未发生明显改变。PG2对SMMC-7721的生长抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,在500μg/ml的浓度下,其抑制效果与PG1的抑制效果相当。在同样浓度下,PG1对人正常肝细胞的生长和功能没有明显影响。PG1呈剂量-效应关系明显增加荷瘤小鼠脾指数,促进荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化,且没有降低体重及其他毒副作用。PG1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制作用可能是通过直接杀伤肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用和提高小鼠细胞免疫水平来实现。     

长江口咸潮入侵变化特征及成因分析

本文基于海洋站潮位观测数据、海平面变化影响调查信息以及长江口水文站径流量数据等,重点分析了2009−2018年长江口咸潮入侵的变化特征及其影响因素,分析结果表明：(1)长江口咸潮入侵季节变化特征明显。咸潮一般从每年的9−10月开始入侵,翌年4−5月结束。3月咸潮入侵次数最多,达12次。2009−2018年,长江口咸潮入侵次数和咸潮持续时间均呈下降趋势,2009年长江口咸潮入侵次数最多,达13次,时间均发生在10月至翌年的4月;咸潮持续时间年际变化较大,2011年咸潮入侵持续时间最长,累计为55 d。2015−2018年,咸潮入侵次数和入侵持续时间均明显减少,2018年没有监测到咸潮入侵过程。(2) 1−4月,长江口处于季节性低海平面期,且同期径流量少,但是受东亚季风影响,持续的增水过程使得增减水−径流量综合影响指数明显偏高,其中1月、2月、3月的影响指数分别为1.5、1.9和1.6,该时段长江口的咸潮入侵过程主要受增减水的影响。5−7月,长江口径流量明显增加,海平面−径流量综合影响指数均小于0,径流的作用强于海水上溯。8月,长江口径流量开始下降,虽然季节海平面较高,但是长江口呈现明显的减水过程,海平面−径流量和增减水−径流量的综合影响指数分别为0.1和−1.6,基本不会发生咸潮入侵。9月,长江口处于季节高海平面期,并且以增水为主,海平面−径流量和增减水−径流量的综合影响指数较大,分别为1.2和1.0,易发生咸潮入侵。10月、11月长江口海平面−径流量的综合影响指数分别为1.5和0.8,径流影响弱于海水上溯,易发生咸潮入侵。(3) 2009−2018年发生的48次咸潮入侵过程有2/3恰逢天文大潮。在某些年份长江口沿海基础海平面偏高,若持续增水恰逢天文大潮,则加剧咸潮入侵的影响程度。     

黑潮延伸区的海平面异常和中尺度涡的统计分析

利用1993～2004年卫星高度计TP/Jason-1和 ERS/ENVISAT提供的海平面异常(SLA)融合数据,分析了黑潮延伸区12年来的平均海平面异常的变化特征及中尺度涡的分布规律.研究表明,在黑潮延伸区海平面异常(SLA)呈递增趋势,年平均上升率为8.89mm/a,显著性周期是1年、0.5年和6年;黑潮延伸区的海平面异常和海表面温度异常的低频分量与Nino3指数具有较高的相关性.这说明,黑潮延伸区的海平面变化和海表面温度与厄尔尼诺事件密切相关,都受到黑潮变化的密切影响.在日本东部的黑潮延伸区,中尺度涡自东向西移动,寿命约为1年,移动速度大约是10经度/年.气旋涡和反气旋涡的面积呈现几乎同步增减的规律,均呈年周期变化,上半年少,下半年多.在1997～1998年,黑潮延伸区内中尺度涡的面积显著减小,并且正好对应于Nino3指数极大值出现的年份.因此,黑潮延伸区内中尺度涡的数量和强度也与厄尔尼诺事件密切相关.     

海洋真菌及其生物活性物质多样性研究

海洋微生物种类繁多,是筛选新药的丰富资源宝库。近些年来,作为海洋微生物中重要的组成部分的海洋真菌正成为研究的热点,越来越受到国内外学者的关注。本文详细概述了海洋真菌的定义、分布、海洋真菌研究的历史和现状、其所产生的生物活性物质多样性以及存在的问题。     

氮与磷的增加对海水无机碳体系影响的实验模拟研究

海洋碳循环是全球变化研究中的重要领域,它不仅在很大程度上决定了全球气温乃至全球气候的变化趋势,而且还是海洋生态系持续发展的基础,它决定着了海洋生态环境变化的走向。众所周知，碳(C)在海洋中以无机态和有机态的形式存在,在海气系统中,大于98%的C以溶解无机碳(DIC)形式存在于水体中(Zeebe et al,2001)其对海洋碳循环的影响至关重要。 氮(N)和磷(P)等营养盐对维持海洋生态系的正常运转起着至关重要的作用。但是，由于近年来人类生产、生活污水的排放以及滩涂和沿岸水域养殖区的长期施肥,它们也作为近岸海区的主要污染物而导致近海海洋生态环境的日益恶化,影响并改变了一些海域的生态结构。如在胶州湾,由于营养盐浓度及结构发生了变化导致该湾地区浮游植物数量和优势种组成的变化(沈志良,2002)近年来,在海洋沿岸带的河口、海湾等水体较浅的透光层内,以孔石莼等绿藻为主要代表的大型海藻开始泛滥,形成大型海藻的水华。海洋生态环境的改变,必然将导致海洋碳循环的变化,从长时间尺度来看也会影响到全球的气候和气温变化。目前,对营养盐与水生藻类之间的响应关系研究已有大量的报道(王勇等,2002；刘媛等，2004；张文俊等，2004)但对于营养盐与海水无机碳体系之间的耦合作用报道甚少。在海洋环境中、C N P作为主要的生源要素,其变化相互影响,并与海水中所存有的海洋生物密切相关。探讨海水中C-N-P的相互耦合关系对于研究海洋生态环境演变过程及效应,阐明海洋碳循环过程的深层次机理,揭示在过量N P作用富营养化条件下,C的迁移转化行为有重要的科学意义和实际价值。本文作者初步研究了模拟条件下C-N-P的相互关系。     

Wave interaction with a perforated wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal porous plate

This study examines the hydrodynamic performance of a new perforated-wall breakwater. The breakwater consists of a perforated front wall, a solid back wall and a submerged horizontal porous plate installed between them. The horizontal porous plate enhances the stability and wave-absorbing capacity of the structure. An analytical solution based on linear potential theory is developed for the interaction of water waves with the new proposed breakwater. According to the division of the structure, the whole fluid domain is divided into three sub-domains, and the velocity potential in each domain is obtained using the matched eigenfunction method. Then the reflection coefficient and the wave forces and moments on the perforated front wall and the submerged horizontal porous plate are calculated. The numerical results obtained for limiting cases are exactly the same as previous predictions for a perforated-wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal solid plate [Yip, T.L., Chwang, A.T., 2000. Perforated wall breakwater with internal horiontal plate. Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE 126 (5), 533–538] and a vertical wall with a submerged horizontal porous plate [Wu, J.H., Wan, Z.P., Fang, Y., 1998. Wave reflection by a vertical wall with a horizontal submerged porous plate. Ocean Engineering 25 (9), 767–779]. Numerical results show that with suitable geometric porosity of the front wall and horizontal plate, the reflection coefficient will be always rather small if the relative wave absorbing chamber width (distance between the front and back walls versus incident wavelength) exceeds a certain small value. In addition, the wave force and moment on the horizontal plate decrease significantly with the increase of the plate porosity.