凡纳滨对虾生物学及养殖生态学研究进展

凡纳滨对虾原产于太平洋沿岸水域秘鲁北部至墨西哥桑诺拉一带。1988年由张伟权教授引进我国。本文对国内外凡纳滨对虾生物学及养殖生态学的研究进行了总结，提出了凡纳滨对虾养殖生态学今后研究的方向。     

温度、pH对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)消化酶活力的影响

本文研究了温度、pH对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta(Lamarck))三种主要消化酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶)活力的影响。结果表明：当温度在5～75℃之间时，蛋白酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶的最适温度分别为为55℃、45℃和65℃；在不同的pH范围内，蛋白酶的最适PH值为9．2，淀粉酶的最适PH值为6．3和7．7，纤维素酶的最适PH值为5．2。缢蛏的淀粉酶和蛋白酶活力较大，纤维素酶活力极微。     

Numerical simulation of unsteady free-surface motions using a boundary integral formulation

A numerical time simulation method is described to solve fluid flow problems including unsteady free surface motion. The method is based on potential flow theory. At every time step, the problem is solved using a boundary integral formulation of the fluid domain. The linearized free surface conditions are integrated in time and the solution is marched forward. Computational results simulating the free surface motion for the cases of a linear progressive wave, wave propagating into a region of calm water and the wave maker motion are presented. Comparison with theoretical results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed simulation scheme.     

加入WTO对中国旅游业的影响及应对措施

加入WTO必然对中国旅游业的发展产生重大影响，既包括创造机遇，也包括提出挑战。对此，应采取加快体制改革、留住高素质的旅游经营管理与服务人才、积极学习和借鉴国际旅游业先进的经营管理模式和经验、适时调整旅游业的产业对策，宣传中华民族文化、抓住奥运旅游的机遇，创造中国旅游的新品牌等应对措施，使得中国旅游业步入按国际惯例办事的轨道。     

珠江口东南近海海区污损生物研究

为研究珠江口东南近海海区污损生物状况,于1986年5月至1987年6月,在香港东南约114和160km,水深为95和113m处布设了两个生物浮标站,并对距香港约172km,水深为115m处的Marex水文气象浮标上的污损生物群落进行调查.此次调查共采集和鉴定出污损生物78种,其中在浸海只有3个月的试板上,主要有柄蔓足类、水螅和藻类,优势种是细板条茗荷、茗荷和直杯螅.至于浸海时间达6～12个月的浮标(包括沉标)及锚链系统,其上还有相当数量的多种双壳类软体动物、无柄蔓足类和苔藓动物等硬性污损生物附着.在种类垂直分布方面,污损生物群落组成随深度发生明显变化.     

褐牙鲆(♀)、夏鲆(♂)及其杂交子一代线粒体16S rDNA序列遗传特性的初步研究

以线粒体16S rRNA基因部分片段为代表研究雌褐牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus、雄夏鲆P. dentatus及其杂交子一代间线粒体DNA的遗传特性。母本与父本序列差异较大,属种间差异,在590个位点中有28个变异位点,而且全部为简约信息位点。使用同一对引物扩增亲本与杂交子代,在杂交子代中未检测到父本的线粒体DNA类型,11个处于两种生长阶段的杂交样本仅检测到一种单倍型,而且与母本的一个单倍型为同一种,表明褐牙鲆与夏鲆杂交线粒体DNA遵循母系遗传规律。     

Calculation of transverse hydrodynamic coefficients using computational fluid dynamic approach

Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) based on Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes equation is used for determining the transverse hydrodynamic damping force and moment coefficients that are needed in the maneuverability study of marine vehicles. Computations are performed for two geometrical shapes representing typical AUVs presently in use. Results are compared with available data on similar geometries and from some of the available semi-empirical relations. It is found that the CFD predictions compares reasonable well with these results. In particular, the CFD predictions of forces and moments are found to be nonlinear with respect to the transverse velocity, and therefore both linear and nonlinear coefficients can be derived. A discussion on the sources of the component forces reveal that the total force and moment variations should in fact be nonlinear.     

Long Waves Associated with Bichromatic Waves

A numerical model of low frequency waves is presented. The model is based on that of Roelvink (1993), but the nu-merical techniques used in the solution are based on the so-called Weighted-Average Flux (WAF) method with Time-Operator-Splitting (TOS) used for the treatment of the source terms. This method allows a small number of computational points to be used, and is particularly efficient in modeling wave setup. The short wave (or primary wave) energy equation is solved with a traditional Lax-Wendroff technique. A nonlinear wave theory is introduced. The model described in this paper is found to be satisfactory in modeling low frequency waves associated with incident bichromalic waves.     

水面皮层破坏-复原过程的实验室模拟研究

依据水面红外发射和红外遥感测温原理，采用HDG－高灵敏度红外测温仪和常规测量仪器相结合的方法，在实验室空气稳定条件下，模拟测得了水面皮层破坏－复原（重建）的热力过程和气－水温差对水面皮层复原过程的影响，获得了大量的测量数据。数据分析表明，当气－水温差从3．0℃变为11．5℃时，水面皮层破坏可导致皮温增量从气－水温差3．0℃时的0．15℃变到11．5℃时的0．45℃，并发现恢复时间与气－水温差呈负线性关系。     

Circulation and Brackish Water Dispersal in a Coastal Lagoon of Southwest Taiwan

Modest observations and numerical experiments were conducted to investigate circulation and brackish water dispersal in a coastal lagoon southwest of Taiwan. The Chi-Ku Lagoon, partially shielded from the sea by a string of sandbar barriers with two entrances among them, receives modest and episodic runoff from Chi-Ku Stream. Flood and ebb tidal streams entering and leaving the two entrances are found to converge and diverge in a flow stagnation area inside the lagoon. Under weak wind conditions, brackish water is preferentially retained in the flow stagnation area. Besides the observations, scenario runs using a three-dimensional numerical model also indicate strong modulation by monsoon winds. Both summer southwest monsoon and winter northeast monsoon reduce brackish water retention; the latter is found to be more effective. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.