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31.
In this paper we analyze seismic regime and earthquake depth distribution and correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism in the Azerbaijan and the Caspian Sea region. For the present region we have calculated accurate source locations, seismic activity, earthquake repetition and released earthquake energy parameters. It is shown that the active tectonic processes in the region are concentrated within the thick sedimentary cover that we consider as a general source of contemporary stress and a main structural element responsible for the origin of regional earthquakes. The correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism is of paragenetic character. 相似文献
32.
分析了构建速度场的统计模型和函数模型法,提出利用两种模型逼近原始观测速度的综合逼近法,以减少剩余误差.计算和比较了各种方法,结果显示,综合法优于单独利用统计模型和函数模型法. 相似文献
33.
The Menilite Shales (Oligocene) of the Polish Carpathians are the source of low-sulfur oils in the thrust belt and some high-sulfur oils in the Carpathian Foredeep. These oil occurrences indicate that the high-sulfur oils in the Foredeep were generated and expelled before major thrusting and the low-sulfur oils in the thrust belt were generated and expelled during or after major thrusting. Two distinct organic facies have been observed in the Menilite Shales. One organic facies has a high clastic sediment input and contains Type-II kerogen. The other organic facies has a lower clastic sediment input and contains Type-IIS kerogen. Representative samples of both organic facies were used to determine kinetic parameters for immiscible oil generation by isothermal hydrous pyrolysis and S2 generation by non-isothermal open-system pyrolysis. The derived kinetic parameters showed that timing of S2 generation was not as different between the Type-IIS and -II kerogen based on open-system pyrolysis as compared with immiscible oil generation based on hydrous pyrolysis. Applying these kinetic parameters to a burial history in the Skole unit showed that some expelled oil would have been generated from the organic facies with Type-IIS kerogen before major thrusting with the hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters but not with the open-system pyrolysis kinetic parameters. The inability of open-system pyrolysis to determine earlier petroleum generation from Type-IIS kerogen is attributed to the large polar-rich bitumen component in S2 generation, rapid loss of sulfur free-radical initiators in the open system, and diminished radical selectivity and rate constant differences at higher temperatures. Hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters are determined in the presence of water at lower temperatures in a closed system, which allows differentiation of bitumen and oil generation, interaction of free-radical initiators, greater radical selectivity, and more distinguishable rate constants as would occur during natural maturation. Kinetic parameters derived from hydrous pyrolysis show good correlations with one another (compensation effect) and kerogen organic-sulfur contents. These correlations allow for indirect determination of hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters on the basis of the organic-sulfur mole fraction of an immature Type-II or -IIS kerogen. 相似文献
34.
Histograms of observations from spatial phenomena are often found to be more heavy-tailed than Gaussian distributions, which
makes the Gaussian random field model unsuited. A T-distributed random field model with heavy-tailed marginal probability density functions is defined. The model is a generalization
of the familiar Student-T distribution, and it may be given a Bayesian interpretation. The increased variability appears cross-realizations, contrary
to in-realizations, since all realizations are Gaussian-like with varying variance between realizations. The T-distributed random field model is analytically tractable and the conditional model is developed, which provides algorithms
for conditional simulation and prediction, so-called T-kriging. The model compares favourably with most previously defined random field models. The Gaussian random field model
appears as a special, limiting case of the T-distributed random field model. The model is particularly useful whenever multiple, sparsely sampled realizations of the
random field are available, and is clearly favourable to the Gaussian model in this case. The properties of the T-distributed random field model is demonstrated on well log observations from the Gullfaks field in the North Sea. The predictions
correspond to traditional kriging predictions, while the associated prediction variances are more representative, as they
are layer specific and include uncertainty caused by using variance estimates. 相似文献
35.
36.
韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约——以北阿尔金巴什考供韧性剪切带为例 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约一直是地质学家们探讨的课题。本文以构成北阿尔金红柳沟——拉配泉俯冲碰撞杂岩带与北阿尔金地块边界的巴什考供斜向逆冲型韧性剪切带为例,通过对韧性剪切带内花岗岩变形前后不同变形强度构造岩的地球化学组成进行对比,确定等比线斜率,探讨韧性变形对岩石体积和成分变异的影响。计算结果表明,在糜棱岩化过程中,糜棱岩化花岗岩体积亏损21%,花岗质糜棱岩体积亏损31%。质量平衡计算结果和等比线图表明,韧;陛剪切作用导致SiO2,流失量最大,A12O3、K2O及Ba、Rb、Sr等都有不同程度的丢失,显示出较强的活动性,MnO、P2O5、Sc位于等比线上或附近,表现出相对的稳定性。岩石中活动组分的变异是流体渗滤作用引起的,不活动组分的变异是体.积亏损造成的。 相似文献
37.
张北地震区三维构造特征 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
地震层析成像结果揭示了张北地震区的构造特征。震源区周围分布有相交的北北西和北东向低速异常带。极震区正下方壳内存在高速异常的坚固体 ,其周围被多条低速异常带围限。区域构造具备了大量积累应变能和向高应力区传递应变能的孕震构造特征 ,北北西和北东向的隐伏断裂共同构成了区域的发震构造。该震区在中新生代以来有过多期岩浆活动 ,震中区周围分布有几个新第三纪的火山口。极震区米家沟附近火山的三维剖分图给出了该火山从地表到壳内 10km深度的速度图像 ,中新生代的火山岩浆活动对该区域孕震构造的形成起了重要作用。 相似文献
38.
苍山5.2级地震异常群体时空演化特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在对 1 995年山东省苍山 5 2级地震异常筛选的基础上 ,分析了异常群体阶段性演化过程。结果表明 ,震前 1 0a左右震中周围出现小震小区域综合断层面解主压应力P轴偏转 (约 3 0°) ,震前 7a左右震中附近 3~ 4级地震增强集中及应变释放加速 ;震前 4a左右转为异常平静 ;震前 1a左右震中外围开始出现形变类前兆异常 ,前兆异常台站比和异常台项比约达 6%及 4%左右 ,异常比例偏少 ;震前约半年起 ,以震中附近地震波速比异常出现为起点 ,相继出现各类前兆异常 6条 ,短期前兆异常台站比和异常台项比分别约达 2 5 %和 1 7%左右 ,显示孕震进入短期阶段 ,但临震异常不明显。对由此获得的 5级地震预测启示进行了讨论。 相似文献
39.
新时期我国区域经济地理学发展问题初探 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
我国新时期的区域经济地理学在取得全面发展的同时,在理论体系,研究方法和实践领域等方面还需要进一步的发展,文章根据学习和实践区域经济地理学的体会,初步提出基础理论和应用理论,思维方法和技术方法等方面发展见解,并指出区域创新系统和国际经济技术合作等学科应注意拓展的重要实践领域,最后提出我国区域经济地理学科发展的建议。 相似文献
40.