全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1155篇 |
免费 | 212篇 |
国内免费 | 320篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 183篇 |
大气科学 | 228篇 |
地球物理 | 220篇 |
地质学 | 527篇 |
海洋学 | 214篇 |
天文学 | 38篇 |
综合类 | 132篇 |
自然地理 | 145篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 52篇 |
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 51篇 |
2019年 | 64篇 |
2018年 | 67篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 51篇 |
2015年 | 78篇 |
2014年 | 57篇 |
2013年 | 75篇 |
2012年 | 90篇 |
2011年 | 64篇 |
2010年 | 113篇 |
2009年 | 101篇 |
2008年 | 69篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 59篇 |
2005年 | 57篇 |
2004年 | 42篇 |
2003年 | 34篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 36篇 |
2000年 | 34篇 |
1999年 | 43篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 26篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1949年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1687条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Marketa M. Elsner Lan Cuo Nathalie Voisin Jeffrey S. Deems Alan F. Hamlet Julie A. Vano Kristian E. B. Mickelson Se-Yeun Lee Dennis P. Lettenmaier 《Climatic change》2010,102(1-2):225-260
Pacific Northwest (PNW) hydrology is particularly sensitive to changes in climate because snowmelt dominates seasonal runoff, and temperature changes impact the rain/snow balance. Based on results from the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4), we updated previous studies of implications of climate change on PNW hydrology. PNW 21st century hydrology was simulated using 20 Global Climate Models (GCMs) and 2 greenhouse gas emissions scenarios over Washington and the greater Columbia River watershed, with additional focus on the Yakima River watershed and the Puget Sound which are particularly sensitive to climate change. We evaluated projected changes in snow water equivalent (SWE), soil moisture, runoff, and streamflow for A1B and B1 emissions scenarios for the 2020s, 2040s, and 2080s. April 1 SWE is projected to decrease by approximately 38–46% by the 2040s (compared with the mean over water years 1917–2006), based on composite scenarios of B1 and A1B, respectively, which represent average effects of all climate models. In three relatively warm transient watersheds west of the Cascade crest, April 1 SWE is projected to almost completely disappear by the 2080s. By the 2080s, seasonal streamflow timing will shift significantly in both snowmelt dominant and rain–snow mixed watersheds. Annual runoff across the State is projected to increase by 2–3% by the 2040s; these changes are mainly driven by projected increases in winter precipitation. 相似文献
992.
在参考前人对青藏高原积雪异常年的划分成果的基础上,初步确定出1957—2003年的典型积雪异常年。采用NCEP提供的全球144×73个格点1957—2003年前一年12月至当年5月100 hPa和500 hPa的月平均高度场资料,分析了青藏高原积雪异常与大气环流异常的相互关系,提出了大气环流异常影响青藏高原积雪异常可能的天气气候成因机制;应用三因子最优子集二级判别,建立了判别青藏高原积雪多雪年/少雪年的判别方程,作为客观、定量判断高原积雪异常的指标;结合初步确定的典型青藏高原积雪异常年,用得到的最优判别方程进行划分,并经反复论证后,确定出1957—2003年青藏高原积雪正常略多年和正常略少年。 相似文献
993.
994.
S. I. Bastrukov H.-K. Chang I. V. Molodtsova E.-H. Wu G.-T. Chen S.-H. Lan 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,323(3):235-242
Using the energy variational method of magneto-solid-mechanical theory of a perfectly conducting elastic medium threaded by
magnetic field, the frequency spectrum of Lorentz-force-driven global torsional nodeless vibrations of a neutron star with
Ferraro’s form of axisymmetric poloidal nonhomogeneous internal and dipole-like external magnetic field is obtained and compared
with that for this toroidal Alfvén mode in a neutron star with homogeneous internal and dipolar external magnetic field. The
relevance of considered asteroseismic models to quasi-periodic oscillations of the X-ray flux during the ultra powerful outbursts
of SGR 1806−20 and SGR 1900+14 is discussed. 相似文献
995.
Ariane Lançon Jay S. Gallagher Moustapha Mouhcine Linda J. Smith Djazia Ladjal Richard de Grijs 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,324(2-4):241-245
We present new spectral synthesis models for solar metallicity stellar populations, based on a library of stellar spectra that extends across near-IR wavelengths out to 2.4 µm at a resolution approaching 1000. We show that the spectra of massive star clusters in the starburst galaxy M 82 can be reproduced very well with these models. We compare near-IR spectroscopic ages with optical ages, and discuss the main sources of (systematic) errors that still affect those ages. 相似文献
996.
Christian M. Boily Jean-Julien Fleck Ariane Lançon Florent Renaud 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,324(2-4):265-269
We point out a strong time evolution of the mass-to-light conversion factor, η, commonly used to estimate masses of unresolved star clusters from observed cluster spectrophotometric measures. We present a series of gas-dynamical models, coupled with the Cambridge stellar evolution tracks, to compute line-of-sight velocity dispersions and half-light radii weighted by the luminosity. We explore a range of initial conditions, varying in turn the cluster mass and/or density, and the stellar population’s initial mass function. We find that η, and hence the estimated cluster mass, may increase by as much as a factor of three over time-scales of 50 million yr. We apply these results to an hypothetic cluster mass distribution function (d.f.), and show that the d.f. shape may be strongly affected at the low-mass end by this effect. Fitting truncated isothermal (Michie–King) models to the projected light profile leads to over-estimates of the concentration parameter, c, of δ c≈0.3 compared to the same functional fit applied to the projected mass density. 相似文献
997.
容许土壤流失量的研究现状及其设想 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
成土速率、土地生产力和沟蚀的控制程度是容许土壤流失量([WTBX]T值)制定中必不可少的因素。国际上现有的T值标准主要是从土层厚度和成土速率出发,并结合实际应用的可能而定。详述了T[WTBZ]值的研究历史其主要影响因素,介绍了利用Barth模型和基于风险评价理论的[WTBX]T值的估算方法,对现有T值研究方法和研究结果中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了T[WTBZ]值应该从土壤形成速率特性(自然属性)、合理的生产力水平持续性(社会属性)、水土环境的长久安全性(自然和社会属性)几方面属性进行相应的研究。 相似文献
998.
999.
华北平原降水的长期趋势分析(英文) 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
The North China Plain (NCP) is the most important food grain producing area in China and has suffered from serious water shortages. To capture variation water availability, it is necessary to have an analysis of changing trends in precipitation. This study, based on daily precipitation data from 47 representative stations in NCP records passed the homogeneity test, analyzed the trend and amplitude of variation in monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation, annual maximum continuous no-rain days, annual rain days, rainfall intensity, and rainfall extremes from 1960 to 2007, using the MannKendall (M-K) test and Sen’s slope estimator. It was found that monthly precipitation in winter had a significant increasing trend in most parts, while monthly precipitation in July to September showed a decreasing trend in some parts of NCP. No significant changing trend was found for the annual, dry and wet season precipitation and rainfall extremes in the majority of NCP.A significant decreasing trend was detected for the maximum no-rain duration and annual rain days in the major part of NCP. It was concluded that the changing trend of precipitation in NCP had an apparent seasonal and regional pattern, i.e., precipitation showed an obvious increasing trend in winter, but a decreasing trend in the rainy season (July to September), and the changing trend was more apparent in the northern part than in the southern and middle parts. This implies that with global warming, seasonal variation of precipitation in NCP tends to decline with an increasing of precipitation in winter season, and a decreasing in rainy season, particularly in the sub-humid northern part. 相似文献
1000.
风云三号 (FY-3) 极轨气象卫星数据传输系统需通过广域网链路,将海量卫星观测数据从卫星接收站快速传送到资料处理中心。该文研究广域网加速技术,解决广域网链路中传输气象卫星海量观测数据延迟高、带宽利用低等难题。文中针对FY-3气象卫星观测数据传输量大、时效要求高的特点,分别分析了数据压缩、数据缓存和协议优化3种不同加速技术对卫星数据的传输优化效果,并根据分析结果提出了一种适用于气象卫星数据的广域网传输加速架构。该架构结合3种不同加速技术设计了TCP代理模块、数据段索引模块和HS-TCP传输模块以及相应算法分别实现了数据压缩与缓存和协议优化等功能。通过测试和实际运行表明:在该加速架构下卫星数据广域网传输速率提高了50%~243%。 相似文献