黑河流域气候变化对水资源的影响

1IntroductionThe climate conditions of temperature and precipitation are of primary importance for arid region and a change of climate in the direction to warmer or colder, wetter or drier would have large water resources, biological and socio-economic consequences (Raino Heino, 1994; Guido V etal., 2001).Since last century, there has been a warming trend for global climate with greenhouse gases such as CO2 continually increasing. The trend got intensified particularly in the late 20th centu…     

Transnational labour migration and the politics of care in the Southeast Asian family

Recent increases in female labour migration in and from Asia have triggered a surge of interest in how the absence of the mother and wife for extended periods of time affects the left-behind family, particularly children, in labour-sending countries. While migration studies in the region have shown that the extended family, especially female relatives, is often called on for support in childcare during the mother’s absence it is not yet clear how childcare arrangements are made. Drawing on in-depth interviews with non-parent carers of left-behind children in Indonesia and Vietnam, the paper aims to unveil complexities and nuances around care in the context of transnational labour migration. In so doing it draws attention to the enduring influence of social norms on the organisation of family life when women are increasingly drawn into the global labour market. By contrasting a predominantly patrilineal East Asian family structure in Vietnam with what is often understood as a bilateral South-East Asian family structure in Indonesia, the paper seeks to provide interesting comparative insights into the adaptive strategies that the transnational family pursues in order to cope with the reproductive vacuum left behind by the migrant mother.     

盐渍土地区岩土工程勘察中水土腐蚀性评价探讨——以渭北东部卤阳湖(卤泊滩)地区为例

卤阳湖(俗称卤泊滩)地处关中平原东部,东西长约30 km,南北宽1.5～7 km,总面积124 km2。卤阳湖土壤盐碱化严重,不宜农作物生长,对其开发中遇到的主要问题是盐渍土勘察、腐蚀性评价和地基处理。卤泊滩地基土属于硫酸盐渍土。     

关注地质分析文献,了解分析技术发展——地质分析技术应用类评述论文评介

地质分析技术产生的数据是进行地质科学研究和矿产资源、地质环境评价的重要基础,是发展国土资源地质调查事业和地球科学的重要技术支撑。中国地质事业已经得到了空前的发展,地质分析文献迅速增加,迫切需要对文献进行整理、加工、综合、评价。为了解当前中国地质分析技术在各领域的应用状况和获得的成果,对国内科研人员20年来发表的地质分析应用类评述性论文作一评介,内容联系当今全球地质分析技术发展的新趋势,主要包括标准物质与标准方法,岩石矿物分析,地球化学调查（区域地球化学、多目标地球化学和生态地球化学调查）、地球化学填图样品分析,海洋地质样品分析,现场分析,贵金属分析,化学物相与元素形态分析,水分析,能源矿产和环境样品分析,稳定同位素和同位素地质年代学技术与应用10项分析技术领域取得的研究成果。阐述了国内地质分析技术新应用领域的进展、动态和发展前景。     

上海天文台25 m射电望远镜首次单天线脉冲星观测

介绍上海天文台25 m射电望远镜首次单天线脉冲星观测。2010年4月23日,使用上海天文台位于佘山观测基地的25 m射电望远镜对脉冲星J0332+5434在L波段进行了观测,此次观测使用VLBI终端进行数据采集记录,通过对观测数据进行非相干消色散和周期折叠,成功获得目标源的平均轮廓。此次观测的成功,表明该天线具备开展单天线脉冲星观测的条件,并为上海天文台建设中的65 m天线的天文观测提供了参考,为将来自主研发脉冲星终端进行了技术储备。     

Early Palaeozoic carbonate reservoirs from the Yingshan Formation of Well block ZG‐43 in Tazhong Low Rise,Central Uplift,Tarim Basin,NW China: geological features and controlling factors

Marine carbonate reservoirs, as a focus of petroleum exploration and development in China, are involved with high exploration risk and prediction difficulty owing to high heterogeneity and diversity of reservoir beds. In the Tarim Basin, NW China, carbonate reservoirs host about 38% of the whole basin's hydrocarbon resources in a large prospecting area mainly distributed in the Cambrian and Ordovician rocks in central (Tazhong) and northern (Tabei) Tarim. Recently, a better understanding has been made of the karsted weathering crust at the top of the Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the northern slope area of the Tazhong Low Rise, Central Uplift, Tarim Basin. As a new frontier of exploration, oil/gas distribution and controlling factors of carbonate reservoirs in the Yingshan Formation are not clearly understood. In this work, we investigated the reservoir beds and oil/gas properties in 13 wells in Well block ZG‐43 on the No. 10 structural belt in the Tazhong Low Rise, and studied hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics with seismic and geochemical data. The Yingshan Formation in Well block ZG‐43 is mainly composed of calcarenite, dolomitic limestone, dolomite, cryptite, as low porosity and low permeability reservoir beds, with fracture‐void porosity constituting the main reservoir pore space. Oil/gas is quasi‐layer distributed beneath the unconformity between the Yingshan and Lianglitag formations to a depth of 140 m. The oil in Well block ZG‐43 is condensate with low density, low viscosity, low sulphur, low resin, low asphaltene, and high wax. The gas is 87.3% methane, generally containing H₂S. The oil/gas distribution pattern is oil in the east and gas in the west, and H₂S content in the west is lower than that in the east. The controlling factors for hydrocarbon are multi‐source supply and multi‐phase charging, interstratal karstification, hydrothermal activity, structural location and sealing condition. A structural–lithological trap is the main type of oil/gas accumulation. Oil/gas distribution was clearly affected by strike–slip faults. Oil/gas with multi‐source supply and multi‐phase charging was controlled by favourable local palaeo‐highs, and affected by later karsting and hydrothermal activity, as well as gas invasion in the Himalayan (Cenozoic) period. Under the caprock of compact limestone in the third to fifth members of the Lianglitag Formation, oil/gas migrated up along the strike–slip fault planes, and moved laterally to both sides in a ‘T’ shape, and formed large‐scale quasi‐layer condensate gas reservoirs controlled by reservoir bed quality. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

原位同管径换管技术及其在煤气管道改造中的应用

结合宜春深燃有限公司城市煤气铸铁管改造工程,详细介绍了原位同管径换管技术施工工艺及技术要点。     

考虑剪胀效应的深埋圆形隧道围岩应变软化弹塑性解

隧道围岩非线性体积膨胀影响施工安全,如何正确评价隧道围岩塑性区域内扩容机制非常重要。多数研究从理论上推导深埋圆形隧洞应变软化围岩应力-应变场时仅采用恒定或线性变化剪胀模型,针对此不足,提出了一种基于有限差分法的分析方法,能够合理地考虑围岩非线性剪胀效应及其应变软化特性。利用已有的研究成果,验证了该方法的合理性,并进一步探讨了不同质量石灰岩与支护压力下剪胀系数在围岩塑性区域内的影响因素,比较了恒定与非线性变化剪胀模型下围岩变形的不同。结果表明:对于地质强度指标(GSI)较小、质量较差的岩体,塑性区域内主要由围压控制剪胀效应程度;恒定与非线性变化剪胀模型下围岩洞壁变形差别显著。     

通化市浑江煤田义兴屯—二道沟矿区主要威胁采矿的水来源分析

吉林省通化市浑江煤田义兴屯—二道沟矿区主要水的来源有地表水、第四系孔隙水、裂隙水、岩溶水和生产矿井和老窑水,通过对该区地表水及含水层的分析,构成该矿区最大威胁的水为附近有生产井的老窑。     

Group classification of mixed oils in central Junggar Basin,Northwest China and their migration

The produced oils in central Junggar Basin are commonly mixed in origin. In this paper, in order to reveal this complexity and thereby provide valuable clues to the study of oil source and formation mechanism, genetic groups of the mixed oils were classified and their migration/accumulation was investigated. Based on the artificial oil mixing experiments, some representative biomarkers of the mixed oils showed varying tendencies according to mixing ratios of the oils. Hence, these biomarkers are useful for determining the origin of the mixed oils. According to the criteria, oils in the area were divided into four basic groups, i.e., the Lower Permian Fengcheng oil, the Middle Permian Lower Wuerhe oil, the Jurassic source derived oil, and the mixed oil (including the Lower and Middle Permian mixed oil and the Permian and Jurassic mixed oil). Oil migration and accumulation were discussed in combination with the geological background.