基于TLE时序的GEO目标东西机动预报

赤道带GEO非合作目标的频繁机动监测是空间态势感知的重要工作.文中给出了GEO卫星东西漂移律和周期性位置保持机动原理,指出相关轨道特征参数有规律性跃变;利用公开下载的双行轨道根数TLE(Two-line Element),提出基于平经度及其漂移率的GEO东西机动周期提取和预报方法.为了提高数据源质量,利用SDP4模型将...     

基于行道树的道路快速提取和面积计算研究

在城市遥感中,道路自动(半自动)提取一直是研究的霞点.本文在现有道路自动(半自动)提取技术的基础上,结合高分辨率遥感影像中行道树的分布特点,从地学知识出发,利用归一化筹值植被指数、阀值分割、数学形态学算子及地理信息系统的分析功能等实现基于行道树的道路自动(半自动)提取和道路面积快速、自动计算.结论表明基于行道树的道路提取和面积计算方法具有一定的实用性.     

粘粒含量对甘肃黄土抗液化性能的影响

甘肃黄土是介于砂土与粘土之间的一种过渡性土壤,它具有砂土的某些特性,又具有粘土的某些特性,存在一定的粘塑性。通过对含粘粒黄土所做的实验研究,包括：粘粒含量不同的原状土样所做室内的动三轴试验、激光粒度分析试验、化学分析和电镜扫描,试验结果分析对比后,得出了含粘粒黄土抗液化性能的特性。并得出以下结论：（1）粘粒颗粒级配不同,也引起黄土动力稳定性的变化;（2）液化强度与粘粒含量并非呈单调增加关系,无论固结压力如何,粘粒含量Pc=15％左右时抗液化性能最低;（3）粘粒含量为一定值时,液化孔压比偏大,偏离这一值时,液化孔压比偏小。     

跨国公司技术溢出与溢出地技术区位研究——以上海浦东新区为例

跨国公司海外直接投资是发展中国家和地区获得海外资金和转移技术的主要途径之一。在不同尺度上,跨国公司对东道国溢出地技术溢出的影响因子、途径与效应存在着不同。在宏观尺度上,主导影响因子为溢出地的技术势能与宏观技术扩散通道（即宏观技术区位）,主要通过东道国从跨国公司母国进口高技术设备等硬件技术来实现,技术扩散的强度高．但对提高东道国技术创新能力的影响不明显：而在微观尺度上,主导影响因子则为溢出地的微观技术扩散环境（即微观技术区位）,跨国公司在东道国与供货商、销售商发生前、后向联系,并通过培训员工、与溢出地的大学合作交流等方式进行软技术渗透,技术扩散的强度较低,但对提高东道国技术水平的作用显著。本文阐述了不同尺度技术区位跨国公司技术溢出影响,并通过对上海浦东新区跨国公司及其相关企业的分析研究后发现,跨国公司在东道国微观尺度的技术溢出是发展中国家和地区利用海外直接投资技术转移方式获取先进技术、提高技术势能最为有效的途径。     

1981—2018年中国东北地区秋冬季霾日变化及其与北极海冰的关系

利用中国东北地区1981—2018年166个地面气象观测站资料,定义了中国东北地区秋冬季霾日指数,分析了年际尺度上该地区霾日数与同期大气环流异常的内在关系。结果表明：中国东北地区秋冬季霾日指数存在显著的年际变化特征,欧亚—太平洋遥相关型(Eurasia-Pacific Teleconnection Pattern, EUP)负位相、东亚大槽偏弱等大气环流异常配置导致中国东北地区秋冬季霾的发生频次增加。巴伦支海与喀拉海北部海域是影响中国东北地区秋冬季霾日年际变化的海冰关键区,该区域海冰面积与霾日数呈显著负相关,北极海冰通过改变大气环流间接影响中国东北地区秋冬季霾日发生频次,当北极海冰异常偏少时,东亚冬季风偏弱,近地面风速偏低,环境湿度偏高,中国东北地区受东北亚异常反气旋西侧的异常偏南风控制,且受“EUP”负位相模态影响,东亚大槽减弱,有利于大气污染物和水汽向中国东北地区输送,该地区秋冬季霾的发生频次增加。     

水稻土中重金属元素Cd、Pb的竞争吸附——以长株潭地区水稻土为例

对中国南方的3个水稻土样品进行了Cd、Pb单一离子和混合离子吸附特点的研究。结果表明,3个水稻土样品中Cd、Pb的吸附特点都相似,Langmuir等温方程可很好地描述Cd、Pb的吸附等温线。3个土壤样品中,有较高pH值和较低有机物、CEC浓度、粘土含量、高岭石含量的2个土壤样品对Cd、Pb有较大的吸附量,且其等温吸附拟合的最大吸附量（B）也较大。在两组分混合溶液中,尽管共存离子的存在影响了土壤对单一离子的吸附,同时土壤对Cd的吸附在一定程度上受影响的程度大,但3个土壤样品都表现出对Pb有强的吸附能力。在3个土壤样品中,Langmuir等温方程中Pb的健合能常数（K）都大于Cd的健合能常数（K）,混合溶液中的K值高于单一溶液的K值,表明2种金属离子对吸附位点的竞争提高了特定吸附位点的保持力,使金属离子在土壤中特定位点的吸附更加坚固。     

Cracking mechanisms during galena mineralization in a sandstone-hosted lead–zinc ore deposit: case study of the Jinding giant sulfide deposit, Yunnan, SW China

There are two types of lead–zinc ore bodies, i.e., sandstone-hosted ores (SHO) and limestone-hosted ores (LHO), in the Jinding giant sulfide deposit, Yunnan, SW China. Structural analysis suggests that thrust faults and dome structures are the major structural elements controlling lead–zinc mineralization. The two types of ore bodies are preserved in two thrust sheets in a three-layered structural profile in the framework of the Jinding dome structure. The SHO forms the cap of the dome and LHO bodies are concentrated beneath the SHO cap in the central part of the dome. Quartz, feldspar and calcite, and sphalerite, pyrite, and galena are the dominant mineral components in the sandstone-hosted lead–zinc ores. Quartz and feldspar occur as detrital clasts and are cemented by diagenetic calcite and epigenetic sulfides. The sulfide paragenetic sequence during SHO mineralization is from early pyrite to galena and late sphalerite. Galena occurs mostly in two types of cracks, i.e., crescent-style grain boundary cracks along quartz–pyrite, or rarely along pyrite–pyrite boundaries, and intragranular radial cracks in early pyrite grains surrounding quartz clasts. The radial cracks are more or less perpendicular to the quartz–pyrite grain boundaries and do not show any overall (whole rock) orientation pattern. Their distribution, morphological characteristics, and geometrical relationships with quartz and pyrite grains suggest the predominant role of grain-scale cracking. Thermal expansion cracking is one of the most important mechanisms for the generation of open spaces during galena mineralization. Cracking due to heating or cooling by infiltrating fluids resulted from upwelling fluid phases through fluid passes connecting the SHO and LHO bodies, provided significant spaces for crystallization of galena. The differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between pyrite and quartz led to a difference in volume changes between quartz grains and pyrite grains surrounding them and contributed to cracking of the pyrite grains when temperature changed. Combined thermal expansion and elastic mismatch due to heating and subsequent cooling resulted in the radial and crescent cracking in the pyrite grains and along the quartz–pyrite grain boundaries.     

The Control of the Spatial and Temporal Differential Evolution of Boundary Faults on Faulted Basins

The boundary faults of faulted basins generally have segmental growth characteristics. Quantitative analysis of fault growth processes and combined models is of great significance for basin formation and evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation. Taking the Fulongquan fault depression in the southern part of the Songliao Basin as an example, using the 3D seismic data and using the fault-displacement length analysis method, the segmental growth and evolution process of the boundary fault is systematically studied, and the control effect of the spatial and temporal differential evolution of boundary faults on faulted basins is analyzed. The study shows that the segmental growth control of the boundary fault of Fulongquan fault depression forms a series of semi-mantle shoals; the sedimentary center of the Shahezi-Yingcheng fault is controlled to migrate from south to north; The slanting and thrusting activities control the height of the anticline trap; the transformation of the boundary fault property controls the evolution of the basin's tectonic pattern from the tandem semi-mantle to the faulted anticline.     

云南祖母绿的矿床地质及宝石学特征

云南祖母绿矿床产于寒武系变质岩中,矿体分别产于片麻岩的伟晶岩及云英岩脉中。属于典型的伟晶岩型或气成高温热液矿床。祖母绿的铬、钒来源于变质岩,而铍来源于伟晶岩。     

微生物絮凝剂的絮凝性能研究

研究了微生物絮凝剂“Dtjm-1”的絮凝性能，通过改变废水初始pH值，调整废水中阳离子种类、阳离子浓度及改变发酵液的离心条件和投加体积，得出絮凝剂“Dtjm-1”的最佳絮凝条件为：废水pH值7.2-8.0；能较好促进絮凝的离子有Al^3 ,Ca^2 ,它们最适合的浓度为每升废水中加入0．75－1g/L；发酵液的投加体积为（0.075-0.080):1(体积比）；发酵液较好的离心条件为n=4000r/min,t=30min。通过不同废水絮凝效果试验表明，得出絮凝剂“Dtjm-1”具有很好的絮凝作用和脱色性能。