江西茅排金矿床含金韧性剪切带构造特征

茅排韧性剪切带是茅排金矿床主要控矿构造，属左行韧性平移剪切带，形成于加里东末期。带内剪切不协调褶皱，粘滞型石香肠，塑性流变组构、拉伸线理以及波状消光，拔丝构造等宏观及微观韧性变形组构十分发育。该剪切带控制了茅排金矿床的空间定位，金矿化局限于剪切带内，剪切热能是地层中金活化的重要动力源，剪切带为含金热液的运移和金的沉淀提供有利通道和空间，并为晚期脆性构造叠加形成富矿体创造了前提。     

铜山口矿床微矿化裂隙的低温性质与找矿意义

通过对湖北铜山口铜钼矿床及其围岩中的矿化裂隙在（７７．０－２７７．３）Ｋ环境中的电学特性进行研究，发现不同样点的电阻（Ｒ）－温度（Ｔ）曲线存在明显差别。在普冷区与深冷区Ｒ－Ｔ曲线可分为五种基本类型。不同类型的Ｒ－Ｔ曲一怀样点到矿体的距离存在较好的对应关系。     

华中榴辉岩域的岩浆型榴辉岩及其形成机制

中国中部鄂豫皖苏鲁的榴辉岩分布面积约达５００００ｋｍ＾２，构成地球上一个罕见的宏大的榴辉岩域。榴辉岩的主要围岩是长曲质片麻岩，它与榴辉岩不是相同高压变质作用的产物。     

胶东西北部北区和南区金成矿条件与成矿信息对比

本文概述了胶东西北部地区金成矿控制因素，从基底建造、成矿构造条件、重熔岩浆作用、燕山期热事件强度、围岩蚀变、综合成矿信息等6类31个方面，系统对比了胶东西北部北、南两区金成矿条件的异同，指出这两区间存在着一定差异，从而导致金矿化特征和成矿潜能的不同。在此基础上划分了三个具有不同成矿特征的构造-岩区。提出了热液系统中水-岩反应和热液系统中水的收缩作用是导致金属成矿的根本原因。     

水面蒸发计算的人工神经网络方法研究

根据影响水面蒸发的主要气象因互，利用人工神经网络的学习，记忆功能，研究了一种新的水面蒸发计算方法。结果表明，该方法的计算简便，误差较小，为水面蒸发的气候学计算方法研究提供了一种思路。     

北美东部威斯康星中、晚期古环境与气候变化的甲虫化石证据

北美Laurentide冰盖于末次冰期的大部分时间在北美东北部一直存在，冰盖的活动对北美东部冰期时的环境和气候有很大的影响。甲虫分析表明，北美东部中纬度地区在威斯康星中、晚期的气候以寒冷为主，中间分别在42000aB.P.,34000aB.P.和28000aB.P.出现3次明显的气候变暖。此区威斯康星中期气候冷暖波动的幅度和出现的时间可以与同期的格陵兰冰芯记录及北大西洋Heinrich事件对比。     

淮北闸河矿区二叠系含煤地层沉积环境分析

运用岩矿鉴定、光谱分析、Ｘ衍射、沉积磷酸盐分析等先进的实验手段，对淮北闸河矿区二叠系含煤地层的沉积特征进行了详细的研究。在沉积特征研究的基础上，确定本区二叠纪时为以河流作用为主的建设性河控浅水三角洲沉积环境。     

Economics of mining law

Modern mining law, by facilitating socially and environmentally acceptable exploration, development, and production of mineral materials, helps secure the benefits of mineral production while minimizing environmental harm and accounting for increasing land-use competition. Mining investments are sunk costs, irreversibly tied to a particular mineral site, and require many years to recoup. Providing security of tenure is the most critical element of a practical mining law.Governments owning mineral rights have a conflict of interest between their roles as a profit-maximizing landowner and as a guardian of public welfare. As a monopoly supplier, governments have considerable power to manipulate mineral-rights markets. To avoid monopoly rent-seeking by governments, a competitive market for government-owned mineral rights must be created by artifice.What mining firms will pay for mineral rights depends on expected exploration success and extraction costs. Landowners and mining firms will negotlate respective shares of anticipated differential rents, usually allowing for some form of risk sharing. Private landowners do not normally account for external benefits or costs of minerals use.Government ownership of mineral rights allows for direct accounting of social prices for mineral-bearing lands and external costs. An equitable and efficient method is to charge an appropriate reservation price for surface land use, net of the value of land after reclamation, and to recover all or part of differential rents through a flat income or resource-rent tax. The traditional royalty on gross value of production, essentially a regressive income tax, cannot recover as much rent as a flat income tax, causes arbitrary mineral-reserve sterilization, and creates a bias toward development on the extensive margin where marginal environmental costs are higher.Mitigating environmental costs and resolving land-use conflicts require local evaluation and planning. National oversight ensures that the relative global avaliability of minerals and other values are considered, and can also promote adaptive efficiency by publicizing creative local solutions, providing technical support, and funding useful research.     

云南及其邻近地区地震活动的模式识别

本文用模式识别方法(CORA—3修改方法)研究了云南及其邻近地区大地震的发生时间与中强地震活动特性的关系。结果表明(不分子集):M≥7.0级大震前1—2年内,5—5.9级地震频度有明显增强。前1年6—6.9级地震相对减弱,前2—4年内6—6.9级地震可增至一定水平。对于CORA—3修改算法在采用“CLUSTERS”算法和不用“CLUSTERS”算法所得识别分类结果基本一致。FH(future history test)试验表明,用1930—1986年为学习时段,1969—1986年为预测时段。得到D类识别率为0.6,N类误识率为0.38。     

Frequency dependence of crustalQ β in stable and tectonically active regions

Fundamental-mode Rayleigh wave attenuation data for stable and tectonically active regions of North America, South America, and India are inverted to obtain several frequency-independent and frequency-dependentQ models. Because of trade-offs between the effect of depth distribution and frequency-dependence ofQ on surface wave attenuation there are many diverse models which will satisfy the fundamental-mode data. Higher-mode data, such as 1-Hz Lg can, however, constrain the range of possible models, at least in the upper crust. By using synthetic Lg seismograms to compute expected Lg attenuation coefficients for various models we obtained frequency-dependentQ models for three stable and three tectonically active regions, after making assumptions concerning the nature of the variation ofQ with frequency.In stable regions, ifQ varies as , where is a constant, models in which =0.5, 0.5, and 0.75 satisfy fundamental-mode Rayleigh and 1-Hz Lg data for eastern North America, eastern South America, and the Indian Shield, respectively. IfQ is assumed to be independent of frequency (=0.0) for periods of 3 s and greater, and is allowed to increase from 0.0 at 3 s to a maximum value at 1 s, then that maximum value for is about 0.7, 0.6, and 0.9, respectively, for eastern North America, eastern South America, and the Indian Shield. TheQ models obtained under each of the above-mentioned two assumptions differ substantially from one another for each region, a result which indicates the importance of obtaining high-quality higher-mode attenuation data over a broad range of periods.Tectonically active regions require a much lower degree of frequency dependence to explain both observed fundamental-mode and observed Lg data. Optimum values of for western North America and western South America are 0.0 if is constant (Q is independent of frequency), but uncertainty in the Lg attenuation data allows to be as high as about 0.3 for western North America and 0.2 for western South America. In the Himalaya, the optimum value of is about 0.2, but it could range between 0.0 and 0.5. Frequency-independent models (=0.0) for these regions yield minimumQ values in the upper mantle of about 40, 70, and 40 for western North America, western South America, and the Himalaya, respectively.In order to be compatible with the frequency dependence ofQ observed in body-wave studies,Q in stable regions must be frequency-dependent to much greater depths than those which can be studied using the surface wave data available for this study, andQ in tectonically active regions must become frequency-dependent at upper mantle or lower crustal depths.On leave from the Department of Geophysics, Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan, People's Republic of China