Merging science into community adaptation planning processes: a cross-site comparison of four distinct areas of the Lower Mekong Basin

Climate change is increasingly affecting rural areas worldwide. The Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) is at particular risk due to heat stress, changing rainfall patterns, rising sea levels, and more frequent and extreme climatic events. It is imperative that local-level adaptation plans are developed in a manner that builds resilience to these growing threats. Strategies for developing adaptation plans tend to comprise predominantly science-led or predominantly community-led processes. This study examines an approach that balances inputs from both processes in characterizing community vulnerability as a component of the adaptation planning workflow. Evaluation sites are located within four distinct sub-regions of the LMB: the Vietnam Mekong Delta, the Annamite Mountains of Lao PDR, the Cambodia central lowlands, and the mid-elevation forests of northern Thailand. Our results indicate that by merging science-based data with community-level perspective, knowledge gaps from both sides are filled and a more comprehensive understanding of vulnerability is factored into adaptation planning.     

2016年1月我国中东部一次大气污染物传输过程分析

利用常规气象数据和空气质量模式CAMx对2016年1月15—19日一次冷空气影响下郑州、武汉、南京的大气污染物传输过程进行了分析。观测发现,本次过程中武汉和南京在地面锋线到达后出现明显的PM2.5浓度的快速增长。通过分析发现,两地在1000~950 hPa高度层上偏北风的侵入带来上风向的大气污染物,同时在垂直方向上锋区内的稳定性层结抑制了大气污染物的扩散,两种作用共同导致污染物快速增长。在冷空气主体影响下,尤其是950~900 hPa高度层上弱风区消失后,污染物得到清除。大气污染物的传输作用主要发生在1000~950 hPa高度上。模式PM2.5来源示踪模拟结果表明,武汉(17日夜间至18日)和南京(17日夜间)在本次污染物快速增长过程中区域污染物输入的贡献在51%和58%左右。由于模式对PM2.5传输过程的低估,区域输送贡献率仍存在不确定性。但是,与1月15—19日平均相比, PM2.5的本地贡献明显减少,上风区域贡献明显增加。     

L g Coda Q Variation across the Myanmar Arc and its Neighboring Regions

Regional seismograms were collected to image the lateral variations of L _g coda Q at 1 Hz (Q ₀ ) and its frequency dependence η across Burma and its neighboring regions. The data include 660 vertical-component traces recorded at 39 stations. The resulting image indicates that L _g coda Q, at a frequency of 1 Hz, varies between 100 and 500. Lowest Q values (< 200) lie in the Three rivers (the Jinshajiang River, Nujiang River, and Lancangjiang River) area of Southwest China. Relatively low Q values (200–250) are found in the Himalayan region and the eastern Burma highland. Higher L _g coda Q values (> 250) are found in the eastern Indian block. From the L _g coda Q tomography, we found that (1) The Sagain fault acts as a rough boundary between the eastern Indian plate and the Three rivers area of the Eurasia plate; (2) near the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, higher Q value appears in the background of relatively low Q (which may be the consequence of the northward intrusion of the Assam block of the Indian plate into the southern Qinghai-Tibet plateau.     

瓜尔豆产量形成的农业气象指标研究

通过2000年和2001年的试验研究，证明我区气候是适宜瓜尔豆生长的，并进一步研究出瓜尔豆正常生长所需的气象指标。     

南海西南部万安盆地构造圈闭样式分析

在研究区域构造地质、沉积地质和盆地演化历史的基础上，把万安盆地形成的构造圈闭闭划分为压缩、菜和剪切等三种基本构造样式，并对各类型构造样式及其成因机制作了分析和探讨。     

山东沿海的海生龟类及其饲养研究

本文作者对山东沿海的海生电类，进行了30年的调查研究，结果表明：山东沿海生的海生电类共有二科五种。同时还对它们在人工饲养条件下，所必需的水环境及食物类型，做了阐述。     

琼州海峡内潮流场对冬季风浪场影响的数值研究

利用COAWST数值模式就琼州海峡内潮流场对冬季风浪场的影响进行了研究。经实测数据验证,模型可较好的刻画海峡内的强潮流场。选定东、西向最大潮流时刻为典型案例分别就水位场及潮流场对波浪场的作用展开探讨。在琼州海峡东口处,西向最大潮流时刻下的正水位场增加了承载波浪运动的有效水深,有利于波浪能量的西向传播,进而使得当地有效波高增加。东、西向最大潮流均有利于琼州海峡东口处有效波高的增大,但前者主要通过流致辐聚效应实现,而后者主要经由流致波数位移生效。通过流致折射作用,东向（西向）最大潮流可在海峡中轴线以北的海区引起谱峰波向的逆时针（顺时针）旋转,而在以南的海区触发顺时针（逆时针）旋转。     

青岛市城市污水处理厂污泥成分分析及利用方式初步研究

为确定青岛市城市污水处理厂污泥资源化利用途径，对三座典型污水处理厂的脱水污泥进行采样和成分分析。结果表明：所有污泥偏碱性（pH=8．68-8．81），含水率较高（70％-83％）；污泥中有机质、氮、磷、钾含量丰富；污泥中重金属和B的含量较低，均符合国家〈农用污泥中污染物控制标准）。这种污泥进行卫生填埋时，不仅浪费资源，还存在一定的安全隐患，施工难度大，渗滤液无法有效处理等问题。污泥焚烧则会产生含有致癌物的烟气，且处理成本昂贵。最为适宜的污泥利用方式是堆肥后作为林地、花卉的肥料。对于处理生活污水产生的污泥，则应首先提取细胞蛋白作为动物饲料添加剂，其余部分再作为肥料。     

Research on Water-Exit and Take-off Process for Morphing Unmanned Submersible Aerial Vehicle

This paper presents a theoretic implementation method of Morphing Unmanned Submersible Aerial Vehicle (MUSAV), which can both submerge in the water and fly in the air. Two different shapes are put forward so that the vehicle can suit both submergence and flight, considering the tremendous differences between hydrodynamic configuration and aerodynamic configuration of a vehicle. The transition of the two shapes can be achieved by using morphing technology. The water-to-air process, including water-exit, morphing, take-off and steady flight, is analyzed. The hydrodynamic and aerodynamic model of the vehicle exiting the water surface obliquely and then taking off into the air has been founded. The control strategy after morphing is analyzed and the control method is given. Numerical method is used to validate the motion model of the water-exit process. Results of simulations show the validity of the proposed model and the feasibility of MUSAV in theory.     

岩移信息处理系统

本文主要阐述开发岩移信息处理系统的目的。系统总体设计,各类库,表结构设计思想及实现方法,实现了岩移信息资料的计算机管理,最后给出具体的应用实例,说明系统的运用。