浅地层剖面测量在海洋井场调查中的应用和解释

浅地层剖面测量广泛应用于各种海洋工程项目中,对于查明海底沉积结构、沉积环境和浅部潜在的地质灾害因素等具有不可或缺的作用。海洋井场调查是海洋油气勘探开发中一个重要过程,其调查结果将对平台插桩安全和钻探作业顺利进行产生很大影响。因此,需要充分了解浅剖技术原理、资料的质量影响因素和资料的解释过程,以及如何与钻探资料相结合,以满足井场调查的要求。     

Discovery of Late Permian Jianshanzi volcanic rocks in Qinghe valley of northern Liaoning and its geologic significance

Jianshanzi volcanic rocks at Qinghe valley in the northern Liaoning were considered belonging to Early Proterozoic Gaojiayu Formation of Liaohe Group, or to Early Cambrian Beidagou Formation of Qinghezhen Group, or Middle-Late Proterozoic Shenjiapu Formation-Complex of Kaiyuan Group-complex. Dating the zircons from the dacite with schistosity is 2 506 Ma in method of U-Pb (SHRIMP). This evidence indicates the rocks may be referred to Late Permian in age. Discovery of the rocks is significant to re-recognize stratigraphic property of "Liaohe Group", regional geotectonic location and revolution of orogenic zone in Qinghe valley of the northern Liaoning.     

IgE Reactivity of Potential Allergens from the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus and the Research of ELISA Reagent for Detecting Crab Food Anaphylaxis

Crustacean is one of the major allergic foods.It is of great significance to identify more crab allergens and research the detection methods for crab food anaphylaxis.In this study,IgE reactivity to three recombinant proteins from Portunus trituberculatus,including tropomyosin(rPtTM),myosin light chain(rPtMLC),and pancreatic lipase(rPtPL),were detected by enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA).The expressions of tropomyosin(TM)in various tissues of P.trituberculatus were detected by Western blot(WB).Furthermore,microplates were coated with rPtTM and the ELISA conditions were optimized.The cut-off value was deter-mined by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Among 51 crab-allergic sera,21(41.2%)showed positive IgE to rPtTM.Other 70 crab-allergic sera more frequently recognized rPtPL(9/70;12.9%),followed by rPtMLC(1/70;1.4%).WB results showed that TM was mainly expressed in the muscle,followed by the heart and a small amount in gills and the testis.The optimal results showed that the coating condition of rPtTM was 50 ng per well with coating for 3 h at 37℃.The optimal blocking condition was 1.2%BSA with blocking for 3 h at 37℃,and the optimal dilution of the second antibody was 1:1500.The ROC curve showed that the ELISA reagent had high sensitivity(83.52%)and specificity(98.00%)when the cut-off value was 0.45.All results indicated that tropomyosin is the major allergen of P.trituberculatus,and myosin light chain and pancreatic lipase are the potential allergens.Addi-tionally,the ELISA reagent developed with the rPtTM was feasible for laboratory detection of crab anaphylaxis.     

基于能值分析的2006年广东省社会代谢研究

社会代谢分析为全球环境变化人文因素计划的重要课题之一,已成为当前区域生态研究的热点。本文应用H.T.Odum创立的基于生物物理原理的能值方法结合社会代谢概念,对广东省2006年资源利用种类、效率与代谢循环状况进行了分析,通过一系列能值指标,评价广东省社会代谢的可持续性。结果表明：2006年广东省总体呈现较好的发展局面,能值剩余57.31×1022 sej体现了其财富的真正增长,人均能值使用量为1.60×1016 sej,能值福利水平较高;但同时也暴露出影响广东省社会代谢正常运作的原因：输入能值占总能值使用量比为0.73,对进口资源过度依赖;废弃物能值占总能值使用量比为0.26,废弃物产出过多;环境负荷率为14.36,资源的过度使用使环境承受的压力较大等。研究还发现,广东能值可持续性指数呈现逐步下降趋势。广东省目前的代谢过程仍是线性运作模式为主。未来广东省应向循环代谢模式发展,重组并优化其代谢能力,通过建立低消耗高效益产业体系,加大开发替代性资源和新能源,提高废弃物处理能力和完善代谢机制等措施,提高经济社会发展与自然生态环境的和谐程度。     

Cretaceous Volcanic Events in Southeastern Jilin Province, China: Evidence from Single Zircon U-Pb Ages

Mesozoic volcanic rocks in southeastern Jilin Province are an important component of the huge Mesozoic volcanic belt in the northeastern area. Study of the age of their formation is of great significance to recognize Mesozoic volcanic rule in northeastern China. Along with the research of rare Mesozoic biota and extensive Mesozoic mineralization in western Liaoning, a number of researchers have focused on Mesozoic volcanic events. The authors studied the ages of the Cretaceous volcanic rocks in southeastern Jilin Province using single Zircon U-Pb. The result shows that the Sankeyushu Formation volcanic rocks in the Tonghua area are 119.2 Ma in age, the Yingcheng Formation in the Jiutai area 113.4±3.1 Ma, the Jinjiatun Formation in Pinggang Town of Liaoyuan City and the Wufeng volcanic rocks in the Yanji area 103.2±4.7 Ma and 103.6±1 Ma, respectively. Combined with the data of recent publication on volcanic rocks ages; the Cretaceous volcanic events in southeastern Jilin Province can be tentatively subdivided into three eruption periods： 119 Ma, 113 Ma and 103 Ma. The result not only provides important chronology data for subdividing Mesozoic strata in southeastern Jilin Province, establishing Mesozoic volcanic event sequence, discussing geological tectonic background, and surveying the relation between noble metals to the Cretaceous volcanic rocks, but also offers important information of Mesozoic volcanism in northeastern China.     

松辽盆地榆树林油田葡萄花油层主控因素分析

对榆树林油田的地质、钻井和地球化学资料分析表明,榆树林油田青1 段烃源岩有机质丰度高、生烃潜力大。油源 对比表明,葡萄花油层中的油来源于青1 段烃源岩。储层以浅水三角洲沉积环境下的分流河道砂为主,属于中孔- 中渗储层。 研究区油藏类型以岩性油藏为主,油水分布平面上呈现由西南部向东北部油层逐渐减少、水层逐渐增多的趋势,剖面上呈 现西南部广泛发育油层、中部上油下水、东北部水层居多的特征。研究发现,由西南部向东北部随着烃源岩演化程度的降低, 油层发育逐渐减少,有效储集体的分布与油层的发育在平面上对应关系明显,生、排烃时期断层活动性强的区域更有利于 葡萄花油层成藏。烃源岩成熟度、有效储集体、断层活动性控制了榆树林油田葡萄花油层的成藏。     

海表层二氧化碳分压之时间序列研究进展

简要总结了海表层二氧化碳分压(pCO2)时间序列的研究方法,重点综述了时间序列研究在确定pCO2控制过程、揭示pCO2年际差异、监测气候事件对pCO2的影响及估算海—气二氧化碳(CO2)通量等方面的研究进展.海表层pCO2时间序列的研究方法大致可以分为2类,一类是基于船舶调查,另一类是基于浮标的CO2自动测定.时间序列研究除了能够定性地记录和追踪一些特殊和偶然的物理和生物过程对pCO2的影响外,还能够定量地给出各种过程对pCO2变化的贡献,这对揭示海洋pCO2的控制机理有着重要意义.年际尺度的时间序列观测表明:人类活动已经造成了海表层pCO2的增加,厄尔尼诺事件和拉尼娜事件对海表层pCO2和海—气CO2通量有明显影响.另外,时间序列研究能够提高海—气CO2通量估算的准确性.     

浙东南晚中生代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

浙东南地区（江绍断裂带东南）是位于华南东北部濒太平洋的沿海地区,是理解古太平洋板块俯冲作用的重要地区。本次研究选取岩坦、梁弄、新铺3个典型的岩体进行岩相学、锆石年代学和地球化学研究,并结合前人对该地区花岗岩体的研究结果,探讨古太平洋板块俯冲与岩浆活动之间的关系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示：新铺花岗岩的年龄为(145.8±1.4) Ma,表明浙东南地区晚侏罗世仍存在岩浆活动的记录;梁弄花岗岩和岩坦花岗岩的形成时代分别为（106.2±1.4）和（94.7±1.4） Ma,代表早白垩世晚期典型的岩浆活动。地球化学特征上,3个岩体均富SiO₂、Al₂O₃,具有高的A/CNK,属高钾钙碱性花岗岩;稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布型式图中具显著的负Ｅu异常,稀土元素总量偏低;微量元素原始地幔标准化分布型式图中富集Rb、Cs、U、Th、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ti,为典型的壳源型花岗岩。结合已有的资料,本次研究表明,新铺花岗岩形成在由侏罗纪挤压向白垩纪伸展转变的构造背景下,梁弄花岗岩和岩坦花岗岩形成在岩石圈减薄的伸展构造背景下,它们形成均受到了古太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响。     

黑河流域遥感-地面观测同步试验:森林水文和中游干旱区水文试验

主要介绍了黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验(Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research,WATER)的第二阶段,即以森林水文过程及中游干旱区生态水文过程为主要目标的中游试验。简要阐述了试验目标与研究内容,重点介绍了航空飞行试验、地面同步试验和加密观测试验的样方布置、数据获取与处理以及研究进展与展望。中游试验的核心研究内容是紧密围绕森林水文及中游干旱区水文的水循环问题开展航空遥感、地面同步观测试验和水文与生态参数加密观测试验,改善蒸散发反演模型和算法,探讨尺度转换方法。其中航空试验使用了微波辐射计、激光雷达(LiDAR)、高光谱成像仪、热红外成像仪和多光谱CCD相机5类传感器,飞行了17个架次和72个小时。     

滇东富源古敢水族乡热水塘锶—氟—硅—氡型理疗热矿水的地球化学特征及成因

为支撑滇东富源县古敢水族乡热水塘温泉旅游的开发和可持续利用,通过采集区内水样进行水化学及环境同位素分析,对温泉的形成机理及其理疗价值进行了研究。结果表明：热水塘温泉温度为37. 8~42. 2 ℃,pH值为7. 24~7. 75,TDS（溶解固态物质总量）的质量浓度为1245~1840 mg/L,属于中低温弱碱性热矿水。温泉水中偏硅酸的质量浓度为48. 20~60. 57 mg/L,F为2. 86~2. 94mg/L,Sr为8. 60~14. 40mg/L,均达到了硅水、氟水、锶水的理疗水质标准,此外温泉水中222Rn浓度达到了129. 4 Bq/L,接近于氡水的理疗水质标准,具有较大的开发利用价值。热水塘温泉水中阳离子以Ca2+、Mg2+为主,阴离子以SO2-4、HCO-3为主,水化学类型为SO2-4—Ca2+·Mg2+型。石膏和碳酸盐岩矿物的溶解是控制热水塘温泉水化学特征的主要因素,其中石膏的溶解占据了主导地位。参与水岩反应的CO2的δ13C CO2（V- PDB）值为-11. 64‰~-14. 24‰,具有明显的沉积有机质来源特征。14C测年结果表明热水塘温泉年龄为 3291a BP,氢氧同位素特征表明热水塘温泉由大气降水补给,补给高程为2101. 9~2138. 3 m,补给区温度为5. 9~6. 2 ℃。利用硅—焓方程法计算得出热水塘温泉的冷水混合比例为0. 84~0. 89,综合硅—焓方程计算的热储温度和校正后的SiO2地热温标计算的热储温度,得出热水塘温泉的热储温度为173. 1~220. 3 ℃,循环深度为2059. 7~2661. 1 m。