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中国兴凯湖北岸平原晚全新世花粉记录及泥炭沼泽形成 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
通过兴凯湖北岸平原泥炭剖面高分辩率花粉分析研究,对晚全新世花粉划分4个组合带。XKH-4组合时期(1857~1746aB.P.)为沼泽发育前期,这一时期花粉浓度小,陆生草本植物占优势,气候干冷。XKH-3组合时期(1746~1287aB.P.)为沼泽发育早期,这一时期花粉浓度较大,且水生植物花粉含量为剖面最高,喜温落叶阔叶植物大发展时期,气候温和湿润。XKH-2组合时期(1287~602aB.P.)为沼泽发育中期,这一时期花粉浓度最小,但以陆生草本植物为主,木本植物为辅,水生植物急剧减少,针叶植物出现两次高峰,气候向冷干方向发展。XKH-1组合时期(602aB.P.至今)为沼泽发育盛期,这一时期花粉浓度最大,陆生草本植物大发展时期,气候波动较大。 相似文献
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用一个中等复杂程度的热带海气耦合模式模拟LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的特征并研究其形成的机制。结果表明 ,模式能很好地模拟观测到的LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的特征。LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底主要由海洋气候基本态引起。海洋垂直平均流是LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的最主要因子。由海洋气候基本态的季节变化所引起的冷平流的季节变化是LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底的机制。在LaNi na事件期间 ,1~ 5月份 ,赤道中东太平洋地区的冷平流较弱 ,它不能平衡海气热量交换过程的影响 ,因而海洋表面温度增加。这一过程使海气耦合不稳定度减弱 ,从而使LaNi na事件衰减。 6~ 12月份 ,赤道中东太平洋地区的冷平流较强。海气热量交换过程的影响不能平衡较强冷平流的影响 ,因而海洋表面温度减小。这一过程使海气耦合不稳定度加强 ,从而使LaNi na事件发展。这样 ,LaNi na事件成熟位相容易出现在年底左右。 相似文献
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A precise monitoring of snow surface height in the region of Lambert Glacier basin-Amery Ice Shelf,East Antarctica 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
I.Allison 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(1):100-111
The net surface snow accumulation on the Antarctic ice sheet is determined by a combination of precipitation, sublimation and wind redistribution. We present a one-year record of hourly snow-height measurements at LGB69 (70°50'S, 77°04'E, 1850 m a.s.l.). east side of Lambert Glacier basin (LGB), and 4 year record at G3 (70°53'S, 69°52'E, 84 m a.s.l.), Amery Ice Shelf (AIS). The measurements were made with ultrasonic sensors mounted on automatic weather stations installed at two sites. The snow accumulation at LGB69 is approximately 70 cm. Throughout the winter, between April and September, there was little change in surface snow height (SSH) at the two sites. The negative SSH change is due to densification at LGB69, and is due to both ablation and densification at G3. The strongest accumulation at two sites occurred during the period between October and March (accounting for 101.6% at LGB69), with four episodic increasing events occurring during 2002 for LGB69, and eight events during 1999-2002 for G 相似文献
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Based on the land surface temperature (LST), the land cover classification map,vegetation coverage, and surface evapotranspiration derived from EOS-MODIS satellite data, and by the use of GIS spatial analytic technique and multivariate statistical analysis method, the urban heat island (UHI) spatial distribution of the diurnal and seasonal variabilities and its driving forces are studied in Beijing city and surrounding areas in 2001. The relationships among UHI distribution and landcover categories, topographic factor, vegetation greenness, and surface evapotranspiration are analyzed. The results indicate that: (i) The significant UHI occur in Beijing city areas in the four seasons due to high heat capacity and multi-reflection of compression building, as well as with special topographic features of its three sides surrounded by mountains,especially in the summer. The UHI spatial distribution is corresponding with the urban geometry structure profile. The LST difference is approximately 4-6℃ between Beijing city and suburb areas, comparatively is 8- 10℃ between Beijing city area and outer suburb area in northwestern regions. (ii) The UHI distribution and intensity in daytime are different from nighttime in Beijing city area, the nighttime UHI is obvious. However, in the daytime, the significant UHI mainly appears in the summer, the autumn takes second place, and the UHI in the winter and the spring seem not obvious. The surface evapotranspiration in suburb areas is larger than that in urban areas in the summer, and high latent heat exchange is evident, which leads to LST difference between city area and suburb area. (iii) The reflection of surface landcover categories is sensitive to the UHI, the correlation between vegetation greenness and UHI shows obviously negative.The scatterplot shows that there is the negative correlation between NDVI and LST (R2 = 0.6481).The results demonstrate that the vegetation greenness is an important factor for reducing the UHI,and large-scale construction of greenbelts can considerably reduce the UHI effect. 相似文献
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Correlation Fractal and Multifractal Characteristics of Seismic Activity in the Taiwan Area, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
XU Jiandong HUANG Jianf WEI Fuquan YAN Yunpeng LI Yaping LIN Chien-te Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing Chin Earthquake Administration of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian China China Aero Geophysical Survey Remote Sensing for Land Resources Beijing China Leader University Tainan Taiwan China 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(2):225-232
Based on the analysis of newly collected data of plate tectonics, distribution of active faults and crustal deformation, the Taiwan area is divided into two seismic regions and six seismic belts. Then, correlation fractal dimensions of all the regions and belts are calculated, and the fractal characteristics of hypocenteral distribution can be quantitatively analyzed. Finally, multifractal dimensions Dq and f(α) are calculated by using the earthquake catalog of the past 11 years in the Taiwan area. This study indicates that (1) there exists a favorable corresponding relationship between spatial images of seismic activity described with correlation fractal dimension analysis and tectonic settings; (2) the temporal structure of earthquakes is not single but multifractal fractal, and the pattern of Dq variation with time is a good indicator for predicting strong earthquake events. 相似文献