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951.
Local rainfall thresholds for forecasting landslide occurrence: Taipingshan landslide triggered by Typhoon Saola 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
This paper presents a case study of the Taipingshan landslide, which was triggered by Typhoon Saola in 2012. Taipingshan villa is one of the most famous scenic locations within the Taipingshan National Forest Recreation Area in northern Taiwan. Since the early 1990s, evidence of recent landslide activity appeared throughout the Taipingshan villa and included features such as tension cracks, ground settlement, and cracking in manmade structures. In response, a series of geological investigations and in-site/laboratory tests were conducted in 2010 to estimate slope stability and predict critical rainfall thresholds (event accumulated rainfall) for landslide activity. Results revealed that the critical rainfall threshold for the Taipingshan National Forest Recreation Area is 1765 mm. In 2012, that threshold was tested when Typhoon Saola brought tremendous rainfall to northern and eastern Taiwan and triggered activity along the main scarp of sliding mass B located near the History Exhibition Hall. According to in situ extensometer readings and on-site precipitation data, the extensometer was severed at an accumulated rainfall 1694 mm. Field monitoring data during the typhoon event are in good agreement with the rainfall threshold. These preliminary results suggest that the threshold may be useful for assessing the rainfall threshold of other landslides and a good reference for establishing early warning systems for landslides. 相似文献
952.
S. Venkatramanan S. Y. Chung S. Selvam J. H. Son Y. J. Kim 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(13):456
This research was conducted at Samrak Park Delta of Nakdong River Basin in Busan Metropolitan City, Korea. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship of geochemical elements in sediments and groundwater through multivariate statistical analyses and a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network model. The mean concentrations of chemical elements were Si (46%), Fe (16.9%), Al (15.7%), K (7.5%) and Ca (4.5%) in sediments, and Na (8650 mg/L), Mg (999 mg/L), Ca (432 mg/L), K (293 mg/L) and Cl (17,640 mg/L) in groundwater, respectively. The principal component analysis produced 3 kinds of factors with the variances of 63.37, 27.02 and 9.62%, respectively. It is suggested that the chemical components of sediments and groundwater were mainly originated from source rocks and seawater intrusion, with the minor impacts of irrigation and industry. Cluster analysis also showed that chemical elements were mainly controlled by the natural geogenic sources and seawater intrusion. Multilayer perceptron of artificial neural network (ANN) presented the good interrelationship between sediment and groundwater. The determination coefficients (R 2) between ANN predicted values and observed values in groundwater showed the high values of 0.61–0.97 except Mg, Mn and Sr. It is revealed that the chemical components of sediment and groundwater were derived from local geological origin and from the minor impact of anthropogenic sources. Multivariate analyses and ANN contributed to the identification of the mutual relationship between the geochemical elements of sediment and those of groundwater. 相似文献
953.
954.
利用Landsat时序NDVI数据进行新疆石河子垦区灌溉作物分类 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
精确的农作物分类信息对于农业环境评估、水资源利用规划非常重要,尤其是在干旱、半干旱地区。本文利用30 m分辨率的Landsat NDVI时间序列数据进行了新疆石河子垦区混合农作物精确区分的潜力研究。首先利用S-G滤波重构了Landsat NDVI时间序列,然后基于SVM模型对研究区域农业类型进行了精确分类。在SVM分类模型作用下,S-G重构后的时间序列有效地将该地区棉花、玉米、小麦等主要作物区分开来,精度高于0.86,Kappa系数大于0.82。结果表明,S-G滤波能够有效提高NDVI时间序列数据质量;TM影像时间序列在监测干旱、半干旱地区的作物类型和种植方式随时间的变化方面存在巨大潜力。 相似文献
955.
956.
低功耗蓝牙手机终端室内定位方法 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
为满足高精度室内定位的需求,提出了基于地图匹配技术和指纹技术的高精度室内蓝牙定位方法。该方法以低功耗蓝牙手机终端为指纹采集和定位媒介,通过获取蓝牙信号强度参数,并与室内地图进行匹配处理,建立蓝牙信号指纹库。在定位阶段,通过手机终端获取附近蓝牙信号强度信息,与指纹进行对比。在位置计算过程中,采用地图匹配技术,通过空间叠加分析过滤后确定手机终端的空间位置。本文选取了一典型商业环境,通过测试,当蓝牙锚点部署密度间隔15 m时,平均定位精度在3 m以内。 相似文献
957.
958.
广西荣华锰矿位于三叠系百逢组,在该地层中发现的工业锰矿床尚未见报道。通过对该矿区大比例尺地质填图,并结合地质工程和测试分析等手段,对矿床地质背景、沉积环境、矿体和矿石特征、沉积演化等进行分析研究,推测荣华锰矿为沉积-淋滤锰帽型矿床,矿体顺层分布于靠近罗楼组碳酸盐岩的百逢组第一段泥岩、泥质粉砂岩中,严格受地层和构造控制。矿石主要由偏锰酸矿、软锰矿等组成,矿石品位偏低,伴生Co等金属元素。百逢组之下的碳酸盐岩和百逢组第一段浊积砾岩层可作为该类锰矿上下界线典型的找矿标志。中三叠世桂西北处于盆包台构造格局,中晚古生代富含锰的台地在三叠纪遭受风化剥蚀,成矿元素被带入弧后盆地。随着特提斯洋闭合,挤压作用使盆地面积变小,水位加深,氧化还原界面波动,在百逢组第一段锰元素初步富集。后右江盆地抬升露出水面遭受剥蚀,风化淋滤作用最终形成该区顺层分布的氧化锰矿床。桂西广泛出露百逢组地层,其第一段具有良好的找矿前景。 相似文献
959.
Rui Zhang Xiaolei Song Sergey Fomel Mrinal K Sen Sanjay Srinivasan 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(5):1028-1039
Pre‐stack seismic data are indicative of subsurface elastic properties within the amplitude versus offset characteristic and can be used to detect elastic rock property changes caused by injection. We perform time‐lapse pre‐stack 3‐D seismic data analysis for monitoring sequestration at Cranfield. The time‐lapse amplitude differences of Cranfield datasets are found entangled with time‐shifts. To disentangle these two characters, we apply a local‐correlation‐based warping method to register the time‐lapse pre‐stack datasets, which can effectively separate the time‐shift from the time‐lapse seismic amplitude difference without changing the original amplitudes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our registration method by evaluating the inverted elastic properties. These inverted time‐lapse elastic properties can be reliably used for monitoring plumes. 相似文献
960.
We conducted the first quantitative assessment of coral breakage along a gradient of diving activities in Hong Kong, the most densely populated city in southern China. A survey of six 1 × 25 m transects at seven sites revealed a total of 81 broken corals, among which 44% were branching, 44% plate-like and 12% massive. There were 3–19 broken colonies per site. At most study sites, the percentage of broken corals exceeded the recommended no-action threshold of 4%, suggesting that management intervention is justified. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of broken coral colonies and the number of divers visiting the site. The branching Acropora and the plate-like Montipora suffered from much higher frequency of damage than their relative abundance, raising the concern that the cumulative impact of such differential susceptibility to breakage may affect coral community composition. 相似文献