临沧锗矿床的稀土元素地球化学研究

通过对临沧锗矿床中基底花岗岩、矿化煤以及硅质岩的稀土元素地球化学研究认为盆地基底花岗提供了形成锗矿化的锗和形成硅质岩的硅；本区陆相热水成因硅质岩的Ce异常不明显，相对富集LREE；矿化煤相对富集HREE，这可能主要与矿化煤在含锗热液的相互作用过程中，煤对重烯土的优先富集有关。     

冀西北东坪金矿床含金石英脉石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线及其地质意义

用石英流体包裹体Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线法测得产于碱性岩体中具有超大型潜力的东坪金矿床含金石英脉的年龄为（１０３±８）Ｍａ，远晚于赋矿岩体的就位时间（元古宙），显示了成岩与成矿是两期不同构造运动的产物，两者之间没有直接的成因联系。８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ示踪结果显示成矿物质主要来源于赋矿碱性岩体。研究结果认为，东坪金矿是后期与大气降水热液有关的改造成矿作用的产物。     

四川的地热水资源

四川的地热水资源丰富，大多数热水出露于构造断裂带和洒谷地区，主要储集在三叠纪地层中的碳酸盐岩里。根据温（热）泉的分布状况、热水的类型和物理化学特征，对地热田进行了预测分区。     

The major‐ and trace‐element whole‐rock fingerprints of Egyptian basalts and the provenance of Egyptian artefacts

Discrimination diagrams have been developed that source Egyptian basaltic artefacts using whole‐rock major element geochemistry. These include K₂O versus SiO₂, TiO₂ and P₂O₅ against MgO/Fe₂O₃^t (total Fe as Fe₂O₃), and a discriminant analysis diagram using SiO₂, Fe₂O₃^t, CaO, and MnO. A complementary set of diagrams uses easily obtained trace element data (Nb/Y versus Zr/Nb; Zr [ppm] versus Rb/Sr; TiO₂ [wt % volatile free] versus V; and Cr [ppm] versus Zr/Y) to determine the bedrock sources. These diagrams have been applied to seven First Dynasty basalt vessels (Abydos), two Fourth Dynasty basalt paving stones (Khufu's funerary temple, Giza), and two Fifth Dynasty paving stones (Sahure's complex, Abu Sir). They show that the bedrock source for all the artefacts was the Haddadin flow in northern Egypt. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis applied to the whole‐rock data (major elements and trace elements together) and previously published mineral fingerprinting studies confirm these results. Comparing mineral versus whole‐rock fingerprinting techniques, a major advantage of the former is the small sample size required (0.001 g compared to ≥ 0.1 g). Analytical costs are similar for both methods assuming that a comparison (bedrock) database can be assembled from the literature. For most archaeological problems, a whole‐rock bedrock database is more likely to exist than a mineral database, and whole‐rock analyses on artefacts will generally be easier to obtain than mineral analyses. Whole‐rock fingerprinting may be more sensitive than mineral‐based fingerprinting. Thus, if sample quantity is not an issue, whole‐rock analysis may have a slight cost, convenience, and technical advantage over mineral‐based methods. Our results also emphasize that the Egyptians cherished their Haddadin basalt flow and used it extensively and exclusively for manufacturing basalt vessels and paving stones for at least 600 years (∼3150 B.C. to 2500 B.C., approximate ages of the vessels and Abu Sir paving stones, respectively). © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

煤层气产出过程中气—水两相流与煤岩变形耦合数学模型研究

气－水二相流和煤岩变形耦合作用是煤层气产出过程中一种复杂的物理现象，为准确描述这一现象，本文建立了气－水二相流和煤岩变形的微分方程，并用有限元分别将它们进行离散化，然后讨论了煤岩变形模型和气－水二相流模型进行耦合数值求解的方法。     

岩石化探样中微量铀 钍的XRFA法测定

本文提出以粉末样品直接压饼法测定岩石化探样品中的微量U,Th,其方法简便、快速,适用于各类地质样品,尤其是岩石化探样品测量。     

Cu(II) adsorption at the calcite-water interface in the presence of natural organic matter: Kinetic studies and molecular-scale characterization

We have characterized the adsorption of Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA) and Cu(II) on calcite from preequilibrated solutions at pH 8.25. Sorption isotherms of SRHA on calcite follow Langmuir-type behavior at SRHA concentrations less than 15 mg C L⁻¹, whereas non-Langmuirian uptake becomes evident at concentrations greater than 15 mg C L⁻¹. The adsorption of SRHA on calcite is rapid and mostly irreversible, with corresponding changes in electrostatic properties. At pH 8.25, Cu(II) uptake by calcite in the presence of dissolved SRHA decreases with increasing dissolved SRHA concentration, suggesting that formation of Cu-SRHA aqueous complexes is the primary factor controlling Cu(II) sorption at the calcite surface under the conditions of our experiments. We also observed that surface-bound SRHA has little influence on Cu(II) uptake by calcite, suggesting that Cu(II) coordinates to calcite surface sites rather than to surface-bound SRHA.Cu K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopic results show that the local coordination of Cu adsorbed at the calcite surface is very similar in the presence and absence of SRHA. Ca backscatterers at ∼3.90 Å indicate that Cu(II) forms tetragonally distorted inner-sphere adsorption complexes in both binary and ternary systems. Subtle differences in the XANES and EXAFS between binary sorption samples and ternary sorption samples, however, prevent us from ruling out the formation of ternary Cu-SRHA surface complexes. Our findings demonstrate that SRHA plays an important role in controlling the fate and transport of Cu(II) in calcite-bearing systems.     

肃北县二段井地区铅多金属矿土壤地球化学特征及找矿前景

通过对北山南带二段井铅多金属矿开展1∶1万土壤地球化学测量,结合成矿地质条件进行了土壤地球化学找矿研究。得出以下几点认识:1)矿区土壤中Au、Pb富集系数和变异系数大,成矿潜力好;2)相关分析、因子分析表明Ag、Zn,As、W、Mo,分别代表了中低温成矿作用,可作为Au、Pb的间接找矿标志;3)圈定了7个综合异常,在HT4号异常区中圈定1条金铅矿体,认为该异常区找矿前景很好,是寻找热液型矿床的有利地区,为下一步找矿工作重点靶区。     

延边八家子镇上南沟“大理岩”地质地球化学特征及地质意义

传统观点认为,延边八家子镇上南沟"大理岩"为碳酸盐岩地层经过区域变质作用形成。通过详细的野外和镜下观察,发现该"大理岩"并不发育层理等典型沉积岩的特征,而主要呈岩株和岩墙产出,与围岩新东村岩组片岩、片麻岩呈港湾状侵入式接触;且其中发育大量围岩捕虏体,"大理岩"局部还发育有冷凝边;除上南沟"大理岩"外,在上南沟及周边地区并没有碳酸盐岩地层的发育。分析显示,上南沟"大理岩"具有与火成碳酸岩相似的微量元素和稀土元素组成特征,C、O同位素组成处于火成碳酸岩受低温蚀变的演化趋势之内。因此,初步认为延边八家子上南沟"大理岩"并不是由碳酸盐岩地层经区域变质作用形成,其成因可能存在以下2种解释:一种是上南沟"大理岩"为火成碳酸岩,很可能是华北克拉通破坏事件在北缘的响应;另一种可能是大规模富含CO2流体运移的产物,是大规模流体运移成矿的典型范例。