多拉金矿田次生晕基本特征及找矿方向的研究

多拉金矿田中,金及其他指示元素次生晕很发育,各元素次生异常明显呈线形.主要元素组合为Au-Pb-Zn-Bi-As,其中Au、Pb和Zn为最近程指示元素,Au和Pb、Zn异常空间吻合很好,并能直接反映原生金矿化的存在.结合Pb、Zn和Au等次生异常浓集中心的分布及对控晕控矿主要因素的初步研究,认为在矿田内继续找到新的较大规模的工业矿床大有希望.并优选出几个靶区.     

Effects on antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolytes in Halocnemum strobilaceum under salt stress

The seedlings of Halocnermum strobilaceum were cultivated in 0.5% hoagland nutrient solution containing 0.0%, 0.9%, 2.7% and 5.4% of NaCl as well as composite salt (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Si⁴⁺) for 20 days; all the contents are in weight ratio. Succulent level, inorganic ions (Na⁺, K⁺), organics such as betaine, proline, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) were measured to reveal its salt tolerance mechanism. When the composite salt concentration reaches 5.4%, SOD activity level, and MDA content is five times the control group; when it reaches 2.7%, the succulent level of seedlings, and the content of K⁺ in roots is nearly two times the NaCl treatment; the dry weight is more than three times the control group; with the NaCl treatment, MDA is three times the contrast; when the salt concentration is 2.7%, POD reaches the maximum. Results indicate that Si⁴⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ from composite salt in the roots of H. strobilaceum improved the water-holding capacity. The activities of antioxidant enzyme were raised by the accumulation of proline and betaine, which increased the salt tolerance. The absorption of K⁺ promoted the high ratio of K⁺/Na⁺ and alleviated the damage of cell membranes of H. strobilaceum, which is associated with osmotic contents such as betaine and proline.     

Revisit of event-based rainfall characteristics at Shapotou area in northern China

Distribution of rainfall event sizes and interval lengths between events are important characteristics of arid and semi-arid climates. Understanding their importance will contribute to our ability to understand ecosystem dynamics in these regions. Rainfall event timing and magnitude are important drivers of ecosystem processes and are instrumental in creating landscape heterogeneity in arid and semi-arid regions. Rainfall event characteristics were analyzed using an automatic tipping-bucket rain-gauge record across the entire summer monsoon season from 2008 to 2015 at the arid desert area of Shapotou in the Tengger Desert, China. Changing the minimum inter-event time (MIT) from 30 min to 24 h alters the number of rainfall events from 64 to 25 for the event depth larger than 0.1 mm. The mean rainfall intensity declined from 0.95 mm/h to 0.53 mm/h, and the geometric mean event duration rose from 0.55 h to 4.4 h. The number of rainfall events, mean rainfall intensity, and geometric mean event duration differed under different criteria of individual rainfall depths, except that for an individual rainfall depth of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mm. The aforementioned features differed only at the lowest range of the mean rainfall intensity and depth for MIT=3 and 6 h. These findings suggest that identification of event-based rainfall in this specific arid region can be better achieved by setting the MIT at six hours. The wide variation in rainfall event properties indicate the need for paying more attention to the proper selection and reporting of event criteria in studies that adopt event-based data analysis. This is especially true in quantifying effective rainfall for soil water replenishment in terms of rainfall depth and intensity with infrequent rainfall events.     

广东莲花山断裂带动力变质成矿作用新认识

广东莲花山断裂带是广东省内已知的最重要的锡、铜多金属成矿带。其南西段是莲花山国家级锡铜多金属整装勘查区,区内共分布有北山嶂—九龙嶂、棉洋—双华、五指嶂—锅子嶂、梅陇—鲘门—观音山4个动力变质带,动力变质带是本区内重要含矿及控矿构造。本文在野外地质调查、构造专项地质填图的基础上,通过对新发现的具有大型找矿前景的金坑铜锡多金属矿床的解剖,从矿区宏观地质特征、矿床的成矿温度、压力、成矿物质来源及成矿年龄等方面进行分析,认为矿床的成矿物质来源于侏罗纪火山岩;矿床的成矿作用主要与动力变质作用密切相关,为动力变质热液改造矿床;由此推测广泛分布于4个动力变质带中的诸多中、小型锡铜多金属矿床、地表矿化带（点）和化探异常的深部具有重要找矿潜力,具有大型矿床找矿前景。通过对本区的进一步工作,广东莲花山断裂带有望成为华南地区乃至全国重要的锡铜多金属成矿带。     

新疆东天山卡拉塔格矿集区梅岭铜锌(金)矿床成矿流体特征及地质意义

卡拉塔格矿集区梅岭铜(金)矿床位于新疆吐哈盆地南缘的古生代卡拉塔格隆起带中,在大地构造位置上处于大南湖-头苏泉晚古生代岛弧带中段的火山盆地中,赋存于一套基性-中性-酸性火山岩-火山碎屑岩和次火山岩中,矿体由细脉浸染状(M1)和热液脉状(M2)的铜矿体组成。文章在前人研究的基础上开展了矿床中石英流体包裹体的测温分析、成分分析及包裹体水的氢、氧同位素分析。研究发现,梅岭矿床中原生流体包裹体类型多为气液两相包裹体,个体较小,气相分数较小;流体包裹体均一温度为117~238℃,w(Na Cleq)为2.4%~9.3%,为中-低温、中-低盐度流体;成矿压力为6.8~60.6 MPa,成矿深度约为0.2~2.0 km。流体包裹体气相成分以H2O为主,其次为CO2,并含有少量CH4、CO等还原性气体;液相成分中阳离子以K+、Na+为主,阴离子以Cl-和SO2-4占主导地位,成矿流体属H2O-Na Cl体系。成矿流体的δ18O水值为-5.75‰~-2.61‰,δD值为-135.6‰~-117.2‰,表明成矿流体主要为岩浆水及大气降水的混合水。流体包裹体的研究成果和矿床地质特征显示,梅岭铜(金)矿床属于浅成低温热液矿床。梅岭铜锌(金)矿床成矿流体研究为矿床成因提供了成矿流体特征方面的证据,为该区成矿系统的综合研究提供了理论依据。     

基于ALOS-PALSAR卫星数据对青藏高原东缘龙日坝断裂带地表构造伸展的研究及其大地构造指示意义

龙日坝断裂带位于青藏高原最东缘,呈北东-南西向延伸,平行于其东侧的龙门山断裂带,二者大约相距150 km。与龙门山断裂带不同的是,龙日坝断裂带在青藏高原东缘相关GPS测量中表现为一明显的速度梯度带,说明龙日坝断裂带可能具有很重要的构造属性。然而有关龙日坝断裂带的地表结构构造延伸问题一直悬而未决,目前还存在许多的争议,这在一定程度上也阻碍了我们对青藏高原东缘相对于印度-欧亚板块碰撞地球动力学响应的了解。在本次研究中,我们将首次采用ALOS-PALSAR卫星数据,并结合地表地质和前人的地球物理学研究成果,来监测与龙日坝断裂带的构造活动相关的细微地表形变,并由此控制龙日坝断裂带的延伸范围。研究结果表明,龙日坝断裂带与其西南侧的抚边河断裂带相交且近乎垂直,而非前人研究所认为的龙日坝断裂带延伸至其西缘的鲜水河断裂带。综合研究结果也为了解龙日坝断裂带的大地构造属性提供了数据支持。     

三肇凹陷扶余油层致密油资源评价与参数研究

松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶余油层发育河流-浅水三角洲环境下形成的低渗透致密砂岩储集层,已发现的探明储量以常规砂岩储层中的岩性油藏为主。剩余资源以赋存于孔隙度小于10%、渗漏率小于1×10^-3 μm²储集层中的致密油为主。本文分析三肇凹陷扶余油层致密油成藏条件,采用致密油的资源评价方法(小面元容积法、资源丰度类比法及EUR类比法)对研究区源下致密油资源进行评价,并初步估算青山口组一段泥岩的生烃量,获取了泉四段致密油的地质资源量、运聚系数、最终可采资源量、可采系数、地质资源丰度和可采资源丰度等关键参数,这类参数代表了松辽盆地源下致密油资源评价的关键参数,对评价其它地区相同类型的致密油具有借鉴意义。     

恶劣天气对河北高速公路通行影响分析

利用2010年4月至2013年3月河北省气象台站监测资料、高速公路沿线气象监测资料和高速公路路况管制信息,分析灾害性天气对河北高速公路通行的影响。结果表明:1河北高速公路通行受阻有38.3%是气象因素造成的,其中以雾居多,冰雪次之;2雾造成的通行受阻月、季变化特征最显著,秋冬季节发生频次较春夏两季明显偏多、影响时间明显偏长;3雾造成的年平均通行受阻日数呈现东南部平原多、西部北部山区少的特征,冰雪则相反;4通过分析2010—2013年26次典型的高速公路雾天气过程,结合2013年1月雾多发时段能见度对高速公路通行的影响,初步建立了高速公路大雾预警模型,并提出灾害性天气下交通气象服务对策,为提高公路通行能力和应对灾害性天气提供参考。