近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形影响因素分析

利用改进的软化模量分析方法,对近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形进行数值计算,以研究地震波波形和幅值大小、液化、竖向地震动对侧向大变形的影响。结果表明:不同的地震波作用下,即使峰值加速度相同,液化程度与侧移距离也可能有较大不同,表现了土体变形的强非线性性质,但大地震下液化导致的侧移几乎都在米的量级上;计算区域中无液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移很小,在几公分左右,随水平峰值加速度及不同地震动输入改变不大;计算区域中有液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移显著增大,且随输入水平峰值加速度的增大而明显增大,其机理是强地震动使液化范围加大;水平竖向两向地震动输入与单独水平地震动输入相比,前者场地液化范围增大,平均增大42%,侧移量增加,平均增加37%。     

ASP与数据库在网站开发中的应用

基层气象局地面测报工作是最基础的气象业务工作,为天气预报、气候分析、气象服务等提供重要的依据。根据多年在基层从事测报值班、报表预审及管理工作的经验,以及多次参加省、市测报业务竞赛的学习体会,分析了如何才能搞好这项工作,从而提高测报业务质量。     

气象部门高层次人才评价研究

人才评价是人才发展体制机制的重要组成部分,是人才资源开发与管理的前提。在分析总结气象部门高层次人才评价现状基础上,构建气象部门高层次人才评价指标体系,提出了高层次人才评价的优化路径,为气象部门合理建设高层次人才队伍提供理论支撑。     

太阳微波低频段射电III型爆发的一些特性分析

本文介绍了云南天文台四波段（１．４２,２．１３,２．８４和４．２６ＧＨｚ）太阳射电高时间分辩率同步观测得到的五个微波ＩＩ型爆发事件,它们具有宽频带、长和短寿命、内向和外向快速频漂等特征．观测事例表明,非热电子束引起的等离子体辐射和电子回旋脉泽辐射两种机制都可能发生．这些观测特征既不完全同于米波—分米波ＩＩ型爆发,也不完全同于微波高频段ＩＩ型爆发,说明在微波低频段可能存在二重性或过渡现象     

Genetic relationship of metamorphic reaction and dehydration-melting

The high-temperature and pressure experimental data of garnet, sillimantite and biotite-bearing potash feldspar gneiss (SGBG, natural block rock) has shown that metamorphic reactions between garnet and melt, and mineral assemblage evolutional features are not only controlled byP-T condition, but also genetically correlate with dehydration-melting of biotite and partial melting of felsic minerals. Combining experimental data with theoretical analyses, the genetic mechanism of metamorphic reaction and its dynamic significance have been demonstrated in the process of metamorphic evolution of khondalite series on the border of Jin (Shanxi Province)-Inner Mongolia. Project supported by the Youth Geologist Foundation of Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of China, the Post-docter Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49572138).     

曙103块古潜山碳酸盐岩测井储层评价

由于古潜山碳酸盐岩储层普遍存在非均质性,孔、缝的定性、定量识别至关重要。本文通过测井资料,运用多矿物模型、Φ－Ｓｗ－Ｋ,Ｆ－Φ－ｍ交会图、裂缝孔隙度计算、ＩＳＯＤＡＴＡ模糊聚类识别裂缝类型等处理工作,对区内６口井进行了测井储层综合评价,取得了较好的效果。     

洪水演算理论与计算方法的若干进展与评论

从洪水波运动的小扰动分析、水力学洪水演算方法及新技术在洪水演算中的应用等方面,总结了近20年来国内外洪水演算理论与计算方法研究的若干进展,并作了简要的评论.     

A homogeneous model of the Deacon cell in a circumpolar ocean

Dynamics of the three-dimensional structure of the wind-driven Deacon cell in a β-plane channel are discussed in a homogeneous model in the presence of a sufficiently high ridge. The emphasis is on the water mass balance: how the northward surface Ekman drift is returned. It is demonstrated that a sufficiently high ridge can break up the geostrophic constraint and a net geostrophic volume flux across the open latitude band is allowed. It is found that: (1) the Deacon cell is a fundamentally three-dimensional structure, (2) wind forcing can drive an inter-basin water mass exchange in the Southern Ocean, and (3) zonal through-channel transport in the circumpolar ocean varies at different longitudes.     

Nature and role of CO2 in some hot and cold HCO3/Na/CO2-rich Portuguese mineral waters: a review and reinterpretation

 At the northern part of the Portuguese mainland, the upflow zone of several hot and cold HCO₃/Na/CO₂-rich mineral waters is mainly associated with important NNE–SSW faults. Several geochemical studies have been carried out on thermal and non-thermal hydromineral manifestations that occur along or near these long tectonic alignments. The slight chemical differences that exist between these meteoric hot and cold HCO₃/Na/CO₂-rich mineral waters seem to be mainly caused by CO₂. δ¹³C_(TIDC) values observed in these groundwaters range between –6.00 and –1.00‰ versus V-PDB (V denotes Vienna, the site of the International Atomic Energy Agency; PDB originates from the CaCO₃ of the rostrum of a Cretaceous belemnite, Belemnitella americana, collected in the Peedee formation of South Carolina, USA) indicating a deep-seated (mantle) origin for most of the CO₂. Nevertheless, in the case of the heavier δ¹³C_(TIDC) values, the contribution of metamorphic CO₂ or the dissolution of carbonate rock levels at depth cannot be excluded. Concerning the hot waters, the lack of a positive ¹⁸O-shift should be attributed to water-rock interaction in a low temperature environment, rather than to the isotopic influence of CO₂ on the δ¹⁸O-value of the waters. Received: 9 August 1999 · Accepted: 8 March 2000     

A new soil freeze/thaw discriminant algorithm using AMSR‐E passive microwave imagery

The soil freeze–thaw controls the hydrological and carbon cycling and thus affects water and energy exchanges at land surface. This article reported a newly developed algorithm for distinguishing the freeze/thaw status of surface soil. The algorithm was based on information from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Enhanced (AMSR‐E) which records brightness temperature (Tb) in the afternoon and after midnight. The criteria and discriminant functions were obtained from both radiometer observations and model simulations. First of all, the microwave radiation from freeze–thaw soil was examined by carrying out experimental measurements at 18·7 and 36·5 GHz using a Truck‐mounted Multi‐frequency Microwave Radiometer (TMMR) in the Heihe River of China. The experimental results showed that the soil moisture is a key component that differentiates the microwave radiation behaviours during the freeze–thaw process, and the differences in soil temperature and emissivity between frozen and thawed soils were found to be the most important criteria. Secondly, a combined model was developed to consider the impacts of complex ground surface conditions on the discrimination. The model simulations quite followed the trend of in situ observations with an overall relation coefficient (R) of approximately 0·88. Finally, the ratio of Tb18·7H (horizontally polarized Tb at 18·7 GHz) to Tb36·5V was considered primarily as the quasi‐emissivity, which is more reasonable and explicit in measuring the microwave radiation changes in soil freezing and thawing than the spectral gradient. By combining Tb36·5V to indicate the soil temperature variety, a Fisher linear discrimination analysis was used to establish the discriminant functions. After being corrected by TMMR measurements, the new discriminant algorithm had an overall accuracy of 86% when validated by 4‐cm soil temperature. The multi‐year discriminant results also provided a good agreement with the classification map of frozen ground in China. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.