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131.
Qiao Shaobo Zou Meng Cheung Ho Nam Zhou Wen Li Qingxiang Feng Guolin Dong Wenjie 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(3):1591-1606
Climate Dynamics - Using hindcast and forecast data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) climate forecast system version 2 (CFSv2) for the period 1982–2017, we... 相似文献
132.
This paper describes the formulation and validation of a nearshore wave model for tropical coastal environment. The governing Boussinesq-type equations include the conservative form of the nonlinear shallow-water equations for shock capturing. A Riemann solver supplies the inter-cell flux and bathymetry source term, while a Godunov-type scheme integrates the evolution variables in time. The model handles wave breaking through momentum conservation with energy dissipation based on an eddy viscosity concept. The computed results show very good agreement with laboratory data for wave propagation over a submerged bar, wave breaking and runup on plane beaches as well as wave transformation over fringing reefs. The model accurately describes transition between supercritical and subcritical flows as well as development of dispersive waves in the processes. 相似文献
133.
J. Wedderburn V. Cheung S. Bamber M. Bloxham M. H. Depledge 《Marine environmental research》1998,46(1-5)
Biomarkers are useful diagnostic tools for identifying exposure to physical, chemical, and environmental stresses. In this study a suite of techniques—measurements of metallothionein, lysosomal integrity, and osmoregulatory ability—have been used in an attempt to provide an in situ assessment of environmental quality. Five estuarine sites were studied, two clean sites, two urban sites, and one intermediate. Shore crabs, Carcinus maenas, were collected and haemolymph taken for the lysosomal and osmoregulatory assays. Animals were killed and tissue preserved for metallothionein analysis. Lysosomal integrity was significantly different in crabs from clean sites and the urban sites (n = 40, p < 0.05). The potential value of the biomarker approach is that it could provide data for impact assessment and is applicable in the field. 相似文献
134.
Li F Yang Q Zan Q Tam NF Shin PK Vrijmoed LL Cheung SG 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(9):1957-1962
Construction cost (CC) is a quantifiable measure of energy demand for biomass production, and low CC is hypothesized to give an alien plant growth advantages and increase its potential to be an invader. Comparison of leaf CC and growth traits between alien and native mangroves in Shenzhen Futian Nature Reserve showed CC per unit mass (CCmass), carbon concentration and gross and ash-free caloric values of alien mangroves were significantly lower than those of native species, while the height and chest circumference were just the opposite. Alien species Sonneratia apetala had the lowest CCmass while Sonneratia caseolaris had the lowest CCarea, and were 8.99% and 32.17% lower than those of native species, respectively. Conversely, specific leaf area (SLA) of these two Sonneratia species was significantly higher than native species. Lower CC and higher SLA make the two Sonneratia species grow and spread faster than other mangroves and enhance their invasive potential. 相似文献
135.
The effects of hypoxia on the larvae of two sub-tidal nassariid gastropods, Nassarius siquijorensis and N. conoidalis were compared so as to understand how the species-specific tolerance to hypoxia might have resulted in changes in the abundance and distribution of these two species in the hypoxic Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, since the 1980s. Respiration rates of N. siquijorensis and N. conoidalis larvae were reduced at 4.5 mg O2 l(-1), or below, as compared with the normoxic control. Significant reduction in swimming velocity was also observed for 10-day old larvae which were exposed to <2.0 mg O2 l(-1) for N. siquijorensis and <1.0 mg O2 l(-1) for N. conoidalis. The 48 h LC50 values of N. siquijorensis and N. conoidalis larvae were 0.7 and 1.7 mg O2 l(-1), respectively. The results suggested that N. siquijorensis are more tolerant to hypoxia than N. conoidalis. 相似文献
136.
Impact of hypoxia on the structure and function of benthic epifauna in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, where hypoxia occurs periodically, a large amount of benthic epifauna was found to be absent in the summer but become abundant again in the winter. This observation may indicate that some species are sensitive in detecting low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels and are able to escape from the harbour to more oxygenated, open waters when conditions deteriorate and return when DO levels are improved. Analysis of biological traits of these animals showed that 58% of the categories showed significant differences between the community structure in summer and winter. The significant biological traits of the few species, which remained in the harbour under the summer's hypoxic conditions suggested adaptation rather than opportunism to the low DO levels. Our data also showed that trawling can increase DO at the bottom and may benefit the less sensitive species that remained in the habitat during the summer. 相似文献
137.
The AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique was used to analyze and compare the genetic diversity of Tachypleus tridentatus from three south-eastern coastal sites of China(Pingtan,Hong Kong and Beihai).Eight pairs of primers generated 361 loci,including 285 polymorphic loci.The ratio of polymorphic loci was 96.97%.Nei's genetic diversity index was 0.420 8 and the Shannon information index was 0.607 5,both of which were higher than that reported for many other arthropods.These results show tha... 相似文献
138.
Response of meiofaunal and nematode communities to sewage pollution abatement: a field transplantation experiment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To assess the recovery rate of meiofaunal and nematode communities upon abatement of sewage pollution, a field transplantation
experiment was conducted in Tai Tam, which is a non-polluted, shallow subtidal habitat on the southern portion of Hong Kong
Island. The sediments used were from one site located in Victoria Harbour that was heavily influenced by sewage pollution,
and one site in the outside-harbor area, which was relatively clean. In addition, sediments from Tai Tam were used as a control.
Fresh sediments with meiofauna were collected from the aforementioned sites, placed in plastic trays and transplanted to Tai
Tam. Sediments were retrieved at the beginning of the experiment and at 1-, 3-, and 8-weeks after transplantation for analysis
of the meiofaunal and nematode communities as well as the sediment characteristics. The results showed that the meiofaunal
and nematode communities in the control sediments were consistent at the four sampling periods, while it took three and eight
weeks, respectively, for the nematode communities from the outside-harbor and inside-harbor sites to become similar to the
control. These findings indicated that the relatively poor habitat quality and the nematode community composition in the sewage
polluted inside-harbor sediments required a longer time for recovery than samples from the better habitat quality and the
nematode community composition in the outside-harbor sediments. 相似文献
139.
J.Y.S. Leung S.G. Cheung J.W. Qiu P.O. Ang J.M.Y. Chiu V. Thiyagarajan P.K.S. Shin 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013
Sperm production and motility, fecundity, and egg size, complexity and viability of serpulid polychaetes Hydroides elegans and Hydroides diramphus after 2-week treatment to hypoxia (2 mg O2 l−1) was compared with those under normoxia (6 mg O2 l−1). Despite reduced fecundity, the effect of parental hypoxic exposure on gamete quality was not discernible for both species. However, regardless of their subsequent dissolved oxygen environment, eggs spawned by H. elegans after hypoxic exposure were found to have lower fertilization success, slower embryonic development and a significantly higher yield of malformed embryos than those with a parental normoxic treatment. In contrast, neither fertilization success nor rate of embryonic development was affected for H. diramphus. The results implied that hypoxia was a potential stress reducing the recruitment of H. elegans through non-adaptive epigenetic effect, whereas H. diramphus was a more tolerant species to survive hypoxic events. 相似文献
140.
Wenzhong Shi Matthew Yick Cheung Pang 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):455-474
This paper presents a development of the extended Cellular Automata (CA), a Voronoi-based CA, to model dynamic interactions among spatial objects. Cellular automata are efficient models for representing dynamic spatial interactions. A complex global spatial pattern is generated by a set of simple local transition rules. However, its original definition for a two-dimensional array limits its application to raster spatial data only. This paper presents a newly developed Voronoi-based CA in which the CA is extended by using the Voronoi spatial model as its spatial framework. The Voronoi spatial model offers a ready solution to handling neighbourhood relations among spatial objects dynamically. By implementing this model, we have demonstrated that the Voronoi-based CA can model local interactions among spatial objects to generate complex global patterns. The Voronoi-based CA can further model interactions among point, line and polygon objects with irregular shapes and sizes in a dynamic system. Each of these objects possesses its own set of attributes, transition rules and neighbourhood relationships. The Voronoi-based CA models spatial interactions among real entities, such as shops, residential areas, industries and cities. Compared to the original CA, the Voronoi-based CA is a more natural and efficient representation of human knowledge over space. 相似文献