Seismic Characterization of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs with Monoclinic Symmetry Induced by Horizontal and Tilted Fractures from Amplitude Variation with Offset and Azimuth

Surveys in Geophysics - Geological and geophysical data acquired from naturally fractured hydrocarbon reservoirs usually exhibit the presence of multiple sets of fractures. Two different...     

突水预测的采动煤层底板相似模拟方法研究

以淮北朱庄矿Ⅲ６１６综采工作面为原型建立了相似模型,模拟工作面回采过程中的应力和位移变化,模拟结果表明：由切眼向前开挖至４５～５０ｍ老顶岩层初次断裂失稳,底板岩层压张应力差最大,采动造成的底板变形破坏深度在１６ｍ以上,为突水危险地段,与数值模拟方法相拟合计算采动造成的底板应力变化。选取Ｄｒｕｃｋｅｒ－ｐｒａｇｅｒ屈服条件作为判断岩石是否破坏为突水判据,由煤层底板塑性区分布图反映,当开挖至４９ｍ左右     

滨海电厂增温对浮游动物群落粒径结构及采样网目选择的影响

Zooplankton samples were collected using 505, 160 and 77 μm mesh nets around a power plant during four seasons in 2011. We measured total length of zooplankton and divided zooplankton into seven size classes in order to explore how zooplankton community size-structure might be altered by thermal discharge from power plant. The total length of zooplankton varied from 93.7 to 40 074.7 μm. The spatial distribution of mesozooplankton(200-2 000 μm) populations were rarely affected by thermal discharge, while macro-(2 000-10 000 μm)and megalo-zooplankton(10 000 μm) had an obvious tendency to migrate away from the outfall of power plant.Thus, zooplankton community tended to become smaller and biodiversity reduced close to power plant.Moreover, we compared the zooplankton communities in three different mesh size nets. Species richness,abundance, evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the 505 μm mesh size were significantly lower than those recorded from the 160 and 77 μm mesh size. Average zooplankton abundance was highest in the 77 μm mesh net((27 690.0±1 633.7) ind./m~3), followed by 160 μm mesh net((9 531.1±1 079.5) ind./m~3), and lowest in 505 μm mesh net((494.4±104.7) ind./m~3). The ANOSIM and SIMPER tests confirmed that these differences were mainly due to small zooplankton and early developmental stages of zooplankton. It is the first time to use the 77 μm mesh net to sample zooplankton in such an environment. The 77 μm mesh net had the overwhelming abundance of the copepod genus Oithona, as an order of magnitude greater than recorded for 160 μm mesh net and 100% loss through the 505 μm mesh net. These results indicate that the use of a small or even multiple sampling net is necessary to accurately quantify entire zooplankton community around coastal power plant.     

Analysis of phospholipids in microalga Nitzschia closterium by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Precise structural identification of phospholipids in the microalga Nitzschia closterium has been established using ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) for direct analysis of total lipid extracts.Mass spectrometry was performed in reflective time-of-flight using electron spraying ionization in negative mode.Phospholipid molecular species identification was based on the characteristic product ions and neutral loss yie...     

用于煤层底板突水机理研究的岩体原位测试技术

底板突水是底板受采动应力和承压水水压共同作用的结果。开拓和采动打破了原有地应力的平衡状态,为达到新的平衡,某些应力相对集中的地方,会释放应变能,使岩体构造发生变化;而承压水的水压对底板隔水层的作用主要是压裂扩容作用与渗水软化作用。本文介绍了由岩体原位应力测试技术、室内三轴渗透仪测定技术和计算机有限元模拟技术组成的岩体应力测试综合技术及其在煤层底板突水预测中的应用。     

新型赤潮种类微小卡罗藻的溶血毒性检测

研究了从浙江海区分离的一株微小卡罗藻(Karlodinium micrum)对鲫鱼动脉血的溶血性,以典型鱼毒性的赤潮异弯藻作为比较,分别就细胞提取液、去藻上清液和细胞悬浮液的溶血性进行了研究。结果发现:同样处理条件下,以1%的Triton X-100作为溶血度100%的指标,微小卡罗藻细胞提取液的溶血度为70%,赤潮异弯藻细胞提取液的溶血度为32%。微小卡罗藻去藻上清液的溶血度为33%,赤潮异弯藻去藻上清液的溶血度大于100%溶血的TritonX-100组。两种藻的细胞悬浮液溶血度接近0。去藻上清液和细胞提取液具有显著浓度相关的溶血特征。在同样藻密度时,去藻上清液的溶血度大于细胞提取液的溶血度。由于微小卡罗藻在形态上容易与无毒的河口裸甲藻(Gyrodinium estuariales)混淆,因此,对于该藻的环境危害应当加以重视。对于微小卡罗藻具有溶血性的报道尚属首次。     

夜光藻的营养动力学

从饵料，外界营养条件和离子变动的角度研究了夜光藻的营养动力学。结果表明，夜光藻与基饵料之间存在类似米氏方程的定量关系，外界离子变动可以影响夜光藻的重量活动，并提出了夜光藻赤潮形成的生化聚集机制。     

甜菜碱脂在14种海洋微藻中的分布研究

采用超高效液相色谱−四极杆−飞行时间质谱联用分析系统(UPLC -Q- TOF MS),对4个微藻门中的14种微藻的甜菜碱脂的分子组成及其相应脂肪酸的组成及分布进行分析。结果表明：在14种微藻中共鉴定出133种甜菜碱脂,包括53种DGCC、41种DGTS和39种DGTA。其中甲藻和定鞭藻中主要的甜菜碱脂种类为DGCC,绿藻中主要的甜菜碱脂种类为DGTS;而在硅藻中的甜菜碱脂主要包括两种：中心硅藻纲中为DGCC,羽纹硅藻纲中为DGTA。此外,不同微藻中甜菜碱脂脂肪酸组成差异仅限制在门或纲的水平上,在较低的分类水平上差异不明显。硅藻门、甲藻门和定鞭藻门中均含有DGCC,其脂肪酸链的组成均含有C14−C18的脂肪酸以及C20和C22的多不饱和脂肪酸,但是甲藻的C14−C18脂肪酸链为饱和的,而C19奇数碳原子的脂肪酸链仅在硅藻中发现。认为海洋微藻甜菜碱脂的研究可以为海洋微藻化学分类学以及缺磷极性脂类的生理、生态作用和功能特性研究提供重要参考依据。